Bożena Barczak

SELECTED YIELD COMPONENTS IN WHITE MUSTARD (SINAPIS ALBA) VERSUS SULFUR FERTILIZATION

As shown by the research made based on the four-year field experiment, sulfur fertilization, in general, significantly differentiated the white mustard yield components. Of all the factors (sulfur application method, its form and dose), the greatest effect on the yield structure components was demonstrated for the sulfur dose. The use of 40 kg S·ha-1, regardless of the form applied and the sulfur application method, resulted in significant increases in most of the characters, as compared with the control. The application of sulfur into soil showed a significantly more favorable effect on the seed weigh and number per silique and on the weight of seeds of the entire plant than the foliar application of this nutrient. The white mustard seed yield size was most correlated with the number of siliques per plant, and successively less with the thousand seed weight.

Effect of Lupin Extract and Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield Quality of Celeriac

Effect of Lupin Extract and Nitrogen Fertilization on Yield Quality of Celeriac The results of a study on possibilities of utilization of lupin extract are presented. The extract was a waste material from the de-bittering process of bitter lupin seeds and might affect yield and chemical composition of celeriac. Type of nitrogen fertilizer (pure ammonium nitrate or its form supplemented with molybdenum and magnesium) was another factor tested. The study, based on field experiments, was conducted in the years 1999-2001. It was found that fertilization with ammonium nitrate, and especially with its form enriched in magnesium and molybdenum, was a factor significantly affecting yield of celeriac. After use of lupin seed extract slight increase in yield and total nitrogen content as well as evident reduction in nitrates content in celeriac were observed. Average decrease in content of this nitrogen form in roots and leaves was 14.8% and 29.6%, respectively, as compared to control. Tested factors did not influence significantly potassium and sodium contents in leaves and roots of celeriac. Oddziaływanie Ekstraktu Łubinowego I Nawożenia Azotem Na Jakość Plonu Selera Przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczące możliwości wykorzystania ekstraktu łubinowego. Ekstrakt był materiałem odpadowym procesu odgoryczania nasion łubinu gorzkiego i może wpływać na wielkość i skład chemiczny plonu selera. Drugim badanym czynnikiem był rodzaj nawozu azotowego (saletra amonowa pozbawiona dodatków oraz jej forma wzbogacona w molibden i magnez). W doświadczeniu polowym, przeprowadzonym w latach 1999-2001, stwierdzono, że nawożenie saletrą amonową, a zwłaszcza jej formą wzbogaconą w magnez i molibden istotnie wpłynęło na plon selera. Po zastosowaniu ekstraktu z nasion łubinu zauważono niewielki wzrost plonu i zawartości azotu ogólnego oraz wyraźne ograniczenie zawartości azotanów w selerze. Średnie obniżenie zawartości tej formy azotu w porównaniu do obiektu kontrolnego w korzeniach i liściach wynosiło odpowiednio: 14,8% i 29,6%. Badane czynniki nie oddziaływały istotnie na zawartość potasu i sodu w liściach i korzeniach selera.

Mineral Fertilization and Baking Value of Grain and Flour of Triticum aestivum ssp . spelta L.

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of varied nitrogen fertilization and foliar application of microelements (Cu, Zn, Mn and combined application of Cu+Zn+Mn) and the effect of their interaction on the grain yield quantity and some technological parameters of grain and flour of Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta L. cv. ‘Rokosz’. Study Design: The field experiment was established with the randomized split-plot method in three replications. Place and Duration of Study: Field study was conducted in two vegetation season (2012/2013, 2013/2014), at the Research Station in Minikowo near Bydgoszcz (53°10 ′2″ N, 17°44 ′22 ″ E) in Midwest Poland. Methodology: The research factors were different levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 20, 40, 60, 80

Agrotechnical and economic assessment of intercropping of caraway (Carum carvi L.)

A study was carried out in 2013-2014 on caraway (Carum carvi L.), which is a biennial plant grown alone or together with a spring crop. The aim of the study was an agrotechnical and economic assessment of technologies for intercropping of caraway with selected three species of spring crops. The study showed that the highest caraway fruit yields in the second year were obtained in the variant in which the species was grown together with field pea. The profitability of this variant was increased by area-based subsidies for legumes and reduced outlays for mineral fertilizers. The highest value for pea as a species intercropped with caraway was confirmed by economic indicators such as soil productivity, net farm income, and production profitability. The second most suitable crop for intercropping with caraway was dill. It has similar agrotechnical requirements as caraway, but has the disadvantage of a very late harvest time, which slows the development of the main crop and reduces the yield of caraway the following year. In this variant lower values were obtained for the economic indicators than in the case of caraway grown with pea. The least suitable species for intercropping with caraway proved to be white mustard, whose intensive growth and accompanying high demand for water, nutrients and light substantially limited the development and yield of caraway. Due to the relatively low caraway yield and high cost of mustard cultivation, this variant resulted in the lowest economic indicators.

Content of macroelements and their ionic ratios in oat grain depending on the sulphur form and dose

The research was based on the 2001-03 field experiment set up on Luvisol, of a very good rye soil complex, IIIb soil valuation class. The soil was slightly acidic in reaction, average richness in available forms of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium as well as low richness in the content of sulphates (VI). The research demonstrated that the sulphur fertilisation applied showed, in general, a slight effect on the content and equivalent proportions of macroelements in oat grain. The fertilizers (ammonium sulphate (VI), potassium sulphate (VI) and Wigor S) applied, irrespective of the sulphur form and dose, in some of the research years there was shown a slight decrease as compared with the non-fertilisation treatment, the contents of phosphorus, potassium and calcium. The content of magnesium, especially sulphate sulphur (VI) in oat grain, as affected by fertilizers containing sulphur, in general, gets increased. The elementary sulphur form found in Wigor S made it possible to reach slightly higher contents of phosphorus, calcium and magnesium than its sulphate (VI) form than the one used in a form of K2SO4 and (NH4)2SO4 however, in general, these differences were not significant. Neither were there identified any differences between the effect of the 20 and 40 kg S∙ha-1 doses on the content of the macroelements.

TOTAL AND FRACTIONAL CONTENTS OF PROTEINS IN BEAN SEEDS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF VARIED FERTILISATION WITH MICROELEMENTS

Over 2003-2005 at the Experiment Station at Wierzchucinek at the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, there was performed a strict one-factor micro-plot experiment in split-splot design. The factor tested was a type of microelements [n=5: Cu, Zn, Mn, Mo, B]. The microelements were foliar sprayed in a chelated form, as the series of ‘Symfonia’ fertilizers. The study aimed at comparing the effect of five agricultural-engineering basic microelements on the contents and protein composition of the seeds of ‘Aura’ cultivar. The fertilization applied, boron and manganese in particular, showed an effect on the increase in the contents of total protein in bean seeds. It also modified the fractional composition of the bean seed protein. There was observed a clear increase in the fraction of albumins and globulins in seeds as a result of the microelements applied, except for boron. The fertilization with molybdenum, boron, copper and zinc reduced the content of glutelins, and the sum of glulelins and prolamines in the bean seeds.

Respone of spring barley to NPK and S fertilisation: yielding, the content of protein and the accumulation of mineral nutrients

Barley is a cereal of great importance in the crop structure both in Europe and globally. The nutritional value of barley grain is largely shaped by agronomic factors, in particular by fertilisation, which can have a significant impact on the content of individual elements and their quantitative interrelations in grain. The aim of the research was to evaluate yielding, the content of protein and the accumulation of mineral nutrients by the grain of spring barley grown exposed to varied NPK and S fertilisation. The study was based on a three-factor field experiment in a randomised split-plot design with 3 replications. The 1st order factor (A) was fertilisation with nitrogen (n = 3): N1 – 40 kg ha-1, N2 – 80 kg ha-1, N3 – 120 kg ha-1. The 2nd order factor (B) was fertilisation with phosphorus and potassium (n = 2): P1 K1 – 30 kg P ha-1, 80 kg K ha-1; P2K2 – 45 kg P ha-1, 120 kg K ha-1. The 3rd order factor (C) was fertilisation with sulphur (n = 2): S0 – 0 kg ha-1 and S1 – 23 kg ha-1. The study showed that the application of 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 resulted in obtaining a significantly higher grain yield of spring barley and, usually, a higher grain protein content than did the application of 40 kg N ha-1. The increase in yield effected by sulphur fertilisation was significant in relation to the objects without sulphur fertilisation. The highest accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium was found following fertilisation with a dose of 80 kg N ha-1, as compared with the accumulation with grain from the experimental variant with the application of 40 kg N ha-1. As a result of sulphur application, considerably more nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was obtained in the grain Wojciech Kozera, PhD, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 5, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland, e-mail: kozera@utp.edu.pl * The publication was supported by the project “Development of Stage 2 of Regional Centre for Innovativeness” approved by the European Fund for Regional Development within the framework of the Regional Operational Programme of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship for 2007-2013.