Bradley Curtis

Economic impact of severe and non-severe hypoglycemia in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes in the United States

Abstract Objective: To identify the direct and indirect costs of hypoglycemia in patients with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in the US setting. Methods: A literature review was conducted to identify and review studies that reported data on the economic burden of hypoglycemia and the related medical resource consumption or productivity loss related to hypoglycemia in patients with Type 1 or Type 2 DM. Relevant information was collated in an economic model to assess the direct and indirect costs following severe and non-severe hypoglycemic events in Type 1 and Type 2 DM. Results: Detailed evidence of the medical cost burden of hypoglycemic events was identified from 14 studies. For both Type 1 and Type 2 DM, episodes requiring assistance from a healthcare practitioner were identified as particularly costly and amounted to

Barriers to Insulin Progression Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

1161 per episode (direct costs) compared with episode costs of

Rates and risk of hospitalisation among patients with type 2 diabetes: retrospective cohort study using the UK General Practice Research Database linked to English Hospital Episode Statistics

66 and

Cost, healthcare resource utilization, and adherence of individuals with diabetes using U-500 or U-100 insulin: a retrospective database analysis

11 for events requiring third-party (non-medical) assistance and events managed by self-treatment, respectively. Indirect costs associated with severe hypoglycemia requiring non-medical assistance, severe hypoglycemia requiring medical assistance, and non-severe hypoglycemia were predicted to be

Exploring the role of the patient‐physician relationship on insulin adherence and clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes: insights from the MOSAIc study

242,

Hypoglycaemic events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom: associations with patient-reported outcomes and self-reported HbA1c

160, and

Factors associated with increased healthcare costs in Medicare Advantage patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled in a large representative health insurance plan in the US

11 for patients with Type 1 diabetes and

Glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes who initiate basal insulin: a retrospective cohort study

579,

Healthcare costs and adherence associated with human regular U-500 versus high-dose U-100 insulin in patients with diabetes.

176, and

Willingness to Pay for Obesity Pharmacotherapy

11 for patients with Type 2 diabetes, respectively. Conclusion: Both severe and non-severe hypoglycemia incur substantial healthcare costs. Failure to account for these costs may under-estimate the value of management strategies that minimize hypoglycemia risk.