Brice Rolly

Boosting the directivity of optical antennas with magnetic and electric dipolar resonant particles

Dielectric particles supporting both magnetic and electric Mie resonances are shown to be able to either reflect or collect the light emitted by a single photon source. An analytical model accurately predicts the scattering behavior of a single dielectric particle electromagnetically coupled to the electric dipole transition moment of a quantum emitter. We derive near field extensions of the Kerker conditions in order to determine the conditions that strongly reduce scattering in either the forward or backward directions. This concept is then employed to design a lossless dielectric collector element whose directivity is boosted by the coherent scattering of both electric and magnetic dipoles.

Optical and Topological Characterization of Gold Nanoparticle Dimers Linked by a Single DNA Double Strand

We demonstrate that symmetric or asymmetric gold nanoparticle dimers with substantial scattering cross sections and plasmon coupling can be produced with a perfectly controlled chemical environment and a high purity using a single DNA linker as short as 7 nm. A statistical analysis of the optical properties and morphology of single dimers is performed using darkfield and cryo-electron microscopies. These results, correlated to Mie theory calculations, indicate that the particle dimers are stretched in water by electrostatic interactions.

Accelerated single photon emission from dye molecule-driven nanoantennas assembled on DNA.

A photon interacts efficiently with an atom when its frequency corresponds exactly to the energy between two eigenstates. But at the nanoscale, homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadenings strongly hinder the ability of solid-state systems to absorb, scatter or emit light. By compensating the impedance mismatch between visible wavelengths and nanometre-sized objects, optical antennas can enhance light-matter interactions over a broad frequency range. Here we use a DNA template to introduce a single dye molecule in gold particle dimers that act as antennas for light with spontaneous emission rates enhanced by up to two orders of magnitude and single photon emission statistics. Quantitative agreement between measured rate enhancements and theoretical calculations indicate a nanometre control over the emitter-particle position while 10 billion copies of the target geometry are synthesized in parallel. Optical antennas can thus tune efficiently the photo-physical properties of nano-objects by precisely engineering their electromagnetic environment.

Controllable emission of a dipolar source coupled with a magneto-dielectric resonant subwavelength scatterer

We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that a local excitation of a single scatterer of relative dielectric permittivity ε = 6 permits to excite broad dipolar and quadrupolar electric and magnetic resonances that shape the emission pattern in an unprecedented way. By suitably positioning the feed with respect to the sphere at a λ/3 distance, this compact antenna is able to spectrally sort the electromagnetic emission either in the forward or in the backward direction, together with a high gain in directivity. Materials with ε = 6 can be found in the whole spectrum of frequencies promising Mie antennas to become an enabling technology in numbers of applications, ranging from quantum single photon sources to telecommunications.

Crucial role of the emitter–particle distance on the directivity of optical antennas

We demonstrate that the reflecting properties of a single particle nanoantenna can be extremely sensitive to its distance from a quantum emitter at frequencies lower than the plasmon resonance. The phenomenon is shown to arise from rapid phase variations of the emitter field at short distances associated with a phase of the antenna particle polarizability lower than π/4.

Photonic engineering of hybrid metal-organic chromophores.

An aureate dye: Confined electromagnetic fields in DNA-templated gold nanoparticle dimers were tuned to engineer the fluorescence properties of organic dyes in water (see picture). Purified suspensions of hybrid metal-organic chromophores featured unprecedented photophysical properties, such as a short lifetime and low quantum yield but high brightness.

Dispersion relations in metal nanoparticle chains: necessity of the multipole approach

Lorenz–Mie multiple-scattering theory is used to perform semi-analytical calculations of the lossy dispersion relations of propagating modes in infinite chains of metallic spheres. Lossy modes are described by allowing the projection of the wavevector along the chain axis to be a complex number rather than the more common complex frequency description. We show that even when the constituent particles are much smaller than the wavelength, one generally needs to go well beyond the coupled dipole approximation to achieve stable predictions.

Multipolar effects on the dipolar polarizability of magneto-electric antennas.

We show the important role played by the multipolar coupling between the illuminating field and magneto-electric scatterers even in the small particle limit (λ/10). A general multipolar method is presented which, for the case of planar non centrosymmetric particles, generates a simple expression for the polarizability tensor that directly links the dipolar moment to the incident field. The relevancy of this approach is demonstrated by comparing thoroughly the dipolar moments predicted by the method with full numerical calculations.

Imaging the Gouy phase shift in photonic jets with a wavefront sensor

A wavefront sensor is used as a direct observation tool to image the Gouy phase shift in photonic nanojets created by micrometer-sized dielectric spheres. The amplitude and phase distributions of light are found in good agreement with a rigorous electromagnetic computation. Interestingly the observed phase shift when travelling through the photonic jet is a combination of the awaited π Gouy shift and a phase shift induced by the bead refraction. Such direct spatial phase shift observation using wavefront sensors would find applications in microscopy, diffractive optics, optical trapping, and point spread function engineering.

Magneto-electric nano-antennas

We explore how the magnetic contribution that may arise in nano-structures can help in the design of highly radiative or/and directive nano-antennas.