Brijpal Singh

Effect of Minor Additives on Bead Geometry and Shape Relationship Using Submerged Arc Welding Fluxes

Abstract Submerged arc welding (SAW) is extensively used because of its ability of metal refinement, deep penetration and protection from atmospheric contamination. In this study 20 base fluxes having CaO–SiO2–Al2O3 were prepared by agglomeration technique and CaF2, FeMn and NiO were added to study their effects on bead geometry (weld width, reinforcement and penetration) and shape relationship parameters (weld penetration shape factor and weld reinforcement form factor). The bead on plate welds was made on 18 mm thick MS plates using submerged arc welding. Welding parameters voltage, current and travel speed were kept constant. Design expert 8.0.7.1 has been used to develop mathematical models and ANOVA was used to check the accuracy and significance of the developed models. In this study the elements transferred to the welds during submerged arc welding have been correlated with the bead geometry.