Bruce A. Chadwick

Religiosity and Deviance: Application of an Attitude- Behavior Contingent Consistency Model*

Most investigators have concluded that religion is largely irrelevant to understanding deviance, but they have tended to rely on bivariate research models. Studies dealing with the problems of predicting behavior from measures of verbal attitudes suggest that religious attitudes must be combined with other social situational constraints for a better understanding of behavioral outcomes. Using data collected from Mormon teenagers in three western states, good prediction of deviance was obtained when religious indicators were combined with measures of peer and family relationships. Consistent with the expectations of Burkett and White (1974) religious variables were more strongly related to victimless than to victim deviance. Peer and family expectations were more important for victim deviance, especially for boys. ociologists have long been concerned about the relationship between religion (church membership, church attendance, religious commitment, etc.) and social deviance. While it has traditionally been assumed that religion is an important factor in inhibiting various types of social deviance, the empirical evidence is far from convincing. Several studies have documented a relationship between measures of church membership, attendance, and religiosity and nonparticipation in delinquent activities (Healy & Bronner, 1936; Miller, 1965; Rhodes & Reiss, 1970; Rohrbaugh & Jessor, 1975), but most have found the relationship to be rather weak. Similarly, religious membership and activity have been found to be related to non

Religiosity and delinquency among LDS adolescents

This study tested the religious ecology hypothesis that postulates that religion is negatively related to delinquency only in a highly religious climate. Data were collected from a sample of 2,143 LDS (members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Mormon) youth living along the east coast during the spring of 1990. The religious ecology hypothesis was not supported; religiosity had a strong negative relationship to delinquency in both the high and low religious ecologies. In addition, a multivariate model allowed peer, family, and religious factors to compete to explain delinquency

Marital and Family Role Satisfaction.

This paper reports the association between several independent variables and marital satisfactions. Marital satisfaction was conceptualized as both a global measure of marital happiness associated with the entire marital relationship and also as a global measure of satisfaction from participation in specific family role activities. Social background factors, husband-wife similarity in social background, adequacy of performance of family roles, husband-wife consensus about family expectations and performance, and conformity of spouses behavior to expectations were included as independent variables. Data were collected via mailed questionnaire from a random sample of adult residents of the state of Utah. Matched data from both husband and wife were obtained from 775 couples. The measures of husband-wife disagreement about marital roles and the performance of these roles were the most significant correlates of the measure of willingness to marry the same spouse again. Adequacy of role performance of both self and spouse and spouses conformity to expectations emerged as the strongest predictors of satisfaction derived from playing family roles.

Conservatism, Racial Intolerance, and Attitudes toward Racial Assimilation Among Whites and American Indians

Summary Among samples of adult whites and American Indians in Seattle conservatism as measured by the Wilson-Patterson scale was inversely related to educational attainment, directly related to age, somewhat more evident among females than males, and not related to income. Factor analysis revealed four readily interpretable dimensions of conservatism among the whites (family and motherhood, religious factor, racial factor, and radical counterculture factor), but only two clearly interpretable factors among the Indians (religious factor, radical counterculture factor). The anticipated greater conservatism of the Indians did not appear; their cumulative conservatism scores were comparable to those of whites. The correlation between conservatism and support for Indian assimilation was positive, and stronger for whites than for Indians. There was a racial difference in the relation between conservatism and racial intolerance; among whites the conservatives were most likely to give intolerant responses about I...

Women's religiosity and employment: the LDS experience

The A. explore the relationship between womens religiosity and employment. The hypothesis that a reciprocal relationship exists between religion and work was tested with data from a sample of 3000 women between the ages of 20 and 60 years. The response of 1130 women who belong to the Church of Jesus-Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS), which has strong profamily values integrated into its theology, was analysed. The results reveal that religiosity has a significant relationship with LDS womens employment. Employment is related to lower rates of religious activity, primarily attendance and holding church position

Recent social trends in the United States, 1960-1990

Context -- Age groups -- Microsocial -- Women -- Labor market -- Labor and management -- Social stratification -- Social relations -- State and service institutions -- Mobilizing institutions -- Institutionalization of social forces -- Ideologies -- Household resources -- Lifestyle -- Leisure -- Educational attainment -- Integration and marginalization -- Attitudes and values.

Indian Education in the City: Correlates of Academic Performance

AbstractFive factors affecting the academic performance of Indian students are identified: self-concept, achievement motivation, anti-Indian discrimination, culture conflict, and family instability. Their impact on academic performance is assessed among Indian high school students in Seattle, Washington. Findings suggest that achievement motivation and culture conflict are the most important correlates of academic achievement among urban Indian students, and it is recommended that these serve as target variables in programs designed to improve academic performance.

Evaluation of an Indian Student Placement Program

An evaluation of an Indian student placement program revealed that the educational attainment of participants was significantly higher than that of nonparticipants. Little difference was observed in social behavior. Participation was associated with assimilation into white society.

The effect of relative economic status on fertility.

In 1973 a survey was conducted in Seattle Washington to test the hypothesis that fertility is a function of relative economic status. Data was tabulated for 520 male respondents who were married once with spouse present. Relative income and occupational status relative to desired occupation were found to be the most consistent correlates of fertility. Perceptions of relative life style generally failed to have any consistent relationship to number of children. Comparison of small and large families indicated that relative income occupation relative to desired occupation and life style relative to the average citizen were related to fertility for families with less than 4 children. For larger families occupation relative to father and occupation relative to desires had a positive association while income had a negative relationship. Analysis with 4 age cohorts revealed that income was negatively associated with fertility and relative income positively asso ciated except for the 46-57 year old group where attitudes were reversed.

Student Participation in Civil Rights Protest: A Multivariate Analysis

Abstract The relative strength of several social background factors, personality attributes, and perceptions of the social environment were tested in predicting self-reported participation in protest activity by college students. The data were obtained from a large random sample of students at Washington State University during the winter of 1969–70. Findings indicate that 20 percent of the sample participated in protest activities, a figure somewhat higher than those reported by surveys taken of universities across the country. Six variables entered the multiple regression equation, accounting for 17 percent of the variance in protest behavior. The six variables, in order of strength of contribution, were perceived injustice in state institutions, frustration in school roles, self-esteem, size of parental community, perception of rate of social change in American society, and perception of local community injustice.