Bruce Newman
American Red Cross
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Featured researches published by Bruce Newman.
Transfusion | 1999
Jonathan Trouern‐Trend; Ritchard G. Cable; Stanley J. Badon; Bruce Newman; Mark A. Popovsky
BACKGROUND: Vasovagal reactions occur in a small, but significant number of blood donors. These reactions may decrease return donation and disrupt blood collection activities. The purpose of this study was to define the contributory role of sex, age, weight, blood pressure, and pulse in vasovagal reactions with syncope in blood donors.
Transfusion | 2006
Bruce Newman; Daniel T. Newman; Raffat Ahmad; Arthur J. Roth
BACKGROUND: Some blood donation–related adverse events (AEs) can negatively impact the blood donor return rate (BDRR) and decrease donor retention.
Transfusion | 2003
Bruce Newman; Shawn Pichette; Dena Pichette; Ema Dzaka
BACKGROUND : There are no reports in the transfusion medicine literature that describe adverse reactions and donor arm injuries after whole‐blood donation based on solicited information.
Transfusion | 2008
Anne F. Eder; Beth A. Dy; Jean M. Kennedy; Edward P. Notari; Annie Strupp; Mary Ellen Wissel; Ramakrishna Reddy; Joan Gibble; Marcia D. Haimowitz; Bruce Newman; Linda A. Chambers; Christopher D. Hillyer; Richard J. Benjamin
BACKGROUND: The American Red Cross (ARC) initiated a comprehensive donor hemovigilance program in 2003. We provide an overview of reported complications after whole blood (WB), apheresis platelet (PLT), or automated red cell (R2) donation and analyze factors contributing to the variability in reported complication rates in our national program.
Transfusion Medicine Reviews | 1997
Bruce Newman
In this review of common and uncommon donor reactions and injuries, donation-associated deaths were found to be extremely rare and generally thought to be coincidental; the rate of coincidental deaths was less than what would be expected based on life insurance tables. Vasovagal reactions, hematomas/bruises, and history of irritation or allergic reaction to adhesive tape or skin preparations are observed daily in a busy blood collection center. Syncopal vasovagal reactions sometimes resemble shock, but unlike shock, they reverse themselves and do not cause death. Through good management, a blood donor organization can minimize the incidence of syncope. Accidental arterial venipuncture is very uncommon (1 in 100,000), and donors with arterial punctures do well if pressure is applied for an extended period of time. Rarely, a pseudoaneurysm results, and this requires surgery. AV fistulas and compartment syndromes can also occur, but these are extremely rare; most experienced blood center physicians have never observed a case. Neurologic needle injuries occur approximately once in every 6,300 donations. Although neurologic needle injury complaints are usually received within 10 days of blood donation, 10% of the injured donors may complain weeks to months later. Most donors with needle injuries recover within a month and many within a day or two, but approximately 30% will have a recovery period of greater than 1 month and an occasional case may exceed 6 months. Donors with neurologic needle injuries generally have a full recovery, even when the recovery period may be extended. Thrombophlebitis has a low incidence (1 in 50,000 to 1 in 100,000), and infection at the phlebotomy site is rare. Both are easily treated and have little impact on the donors health.
Transfusion | 2002
Bruce Newman
BACKGROUND : High school (HS) students have a high incidence of vasovagal reactions and are a good population for the study of vasovagal reactions.
Emerging Infectious Diseases | 2004
Edward L. Murphy; Baoguang Wang; Ronald A. Sacher; Joy Fridey; James W. Smith; Catharie C. Nass; Bruce Newman; Helen E. Ownby; George Garratty; Sheila Hutching; George B. Schreiber
Human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I and -II) cause myelopathy; HTLV-I, but not HTLV-II, causes adult T-cell leukemia. Whether HTLV-II is associated with other diseases is unknown. Using survival analysis, we studied medical history data from a prospective cohort of HTLV-I– and HTLV-II–infected and –uninfected blood donors, all HIV seronegative. A total of 152 HTLV-I, 387 HTLV-II, and 799 uninfected donors were enrolled and followed for a median of 4.4, 4.3, and 4.4 years, respectively. HTLV-II participants had significantly increased incidences of acute bronchitis (incidence ratio [IR] = 1.68), bladder or kidney infection (IR = 1.55), arthritis (IR = 2.66), and asthma (IR = 3.28), and a borderline increase in pneumonia (IR = 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.98 to 3.38). HTLV-I participants had significantly increased incidences of bladder or kidney infection (IR = 1.82), and arthritis (IR = 2.84). We conclude that HTLV-II infection may inhibit immunologic responses to respiratory infections and that both HTLV-I and -II may induce inflammatory or autoimmune reactions.
The Journal of Infectious Diseases | 2005
Diana F. Roucoux; Baoguang Wang; Donna Smith; Catharie C. Nass; James W. Smith; Sheila Hutching; Bruce Newman; Tzong-Hae Lee; Daniel M. Chafets; Htlv Outcomes Study Investigators
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional studies support sexual transmission of human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I/II; however, prospective incidence data, particularly for HTLV-II, are limited. METHODS A cohort of 85 HTLV-positive (30 with HTLV-I and 55 with HTLV-II) blood donors and their stable (>or=6 months) heterosexual sex partners were followed biannually over the course of a 10-year period. RESULTS Four of 85 initially seronegative sex partners of HTLV-I and -II carriers seroconverted, for an incidence rate (IR) of 0.6 transmissions/100 person-years (py) (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2-1.6). This includes 2 HTLV-I transmissions/219 py (IR, 0.9 transmissions/100 py [95% CI, 0.1-3.3]) and 2 HTLV-II transmissions/411 py (IR, 0.5 transmissions/100 py [95% CI, 0.06-1.8]), with no significant difference by HTLV type. There were 2 male-to-female (IR, 1.2 transmissions/100 py [95% CI, 0.1-4.3]) and 2 female-to-male (IR, 0.4 transmissions/100 py [95% CI, 0.05-1.6) transmissions. HTLV-I or -II proviral load was 2 log10 lower in newly infected partners than in index positive partners who transmitted HTLV (P=.007). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of sexual transmission of HTLV-II may be similar to that of HTLV-I, and female-to-male transmission may play a more important role than previously thought. HTLV-I and -II proviral load may be lower in sexually acquired infection, because of a small infectious dose.
Transfusion | 2006
Bruce Newman
From the American Red Cross, Southeastern Michigan Region, Detroit, Michigan. Address reprint requests to: Bruce Newman, MD, American Red Cross, Southeastern Michigan Region-Medical Director, PO Box 33351, 100 Mack, Detroit, MI 48232; e-mail: newmanb@ usa.redcross.org Received for publication March 26, 2006; revision received March 26, 2006, and accepted March 26, 2006. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00969.x TRANSFUSION 2006;46:1667-1681. C O M M E N T A R Y
The Journal of Infectious Diseases | 1997
Edward L. Murphy; Simone A. Glynn; Joy Fridey; Ronald A. Sacher; James W. Smith; David Wright; Bruce Newman; Joan Gibble; Dannie I. Ameti; Catharie C. Nass; George B. Schreiber; George J. Nemo
Disease associations of human T lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I and -II) infection were studied in 154 HTLV-I-infected, 387 HTLV-II-infected, and 799 uninfected blood donors. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 99% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from logistic regression models controlling for demographics and relevant confounders. All subjects were human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seronegative. HTLV-II was significantly associated with a history of pneumonia (OR, 2.6; 99% CI, 1.2-5.3), minor fungal infection (OR, 2.9; 99% CI, 1.2-7.1), and bladder or kidney infection (OR, 1.6; 99% CI, 1.0-2.5) within the past 5 years and with a lifetime history of tuberculosis (OR, 3.9; 99% CI, 1.3-11.6) and arthritis (OR, 1.8; 99% CI, 1.2-2.9). Lymphadenopathy (> or =1 cm) was associated with both HTLV-I (OR, 6.6; 99% CI, 2.2-19.2) and HTLV-II (OR, 2.8; 99% CI, 1.1-7.1) infection, although no case of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma was diagnosed. Urinary urgency and gait disturbance were associated with both viruses. This new finding of increased prevalence of a variety of infections in HTLV-II-positive donors suggests immunologic impairment.