Bruce R. Kingma

An Accurate Measurement of the Crowd-Out Effect, Income Effect, and Price Effect for Charitable Contributions

In the past, empirical research on charitable contributions has focused on two issues: estimating the income and price elasticities of contributions and estimating the extent to which government funding crowded out private contributions. The two fundamental problems in all these studies are the differences in the underlying conceptual models and the use of imperfect data for empirical analysis. This paper addresses both of these problems.

Criticality of data quality as exemplified in two disasters

The explosion of the space shuttle Challenger and the shooting down of an Iranian Airbus by the USS Vincennes were the result of two serious consumer software and management errors. Both disasters have been reviewed in detail in the literature, providing a variety of plausible explanations for the cause of the disasters. However, our review sheds new light on the problem. Disasters such as these certainly involve many factors and we do not claim to be purporting a new single factor theory. But we show that there were visible data-quality problems in the systems. After discussing the importance of data quality, we point to the specific problems in these two cases. It is believed that management, especially in a world so dependent upon information, should pursue an aggressive plan of treating information as a critical product.

Portfolio Theory and Nonprofit Financial Stability

This article models and tests for the factors that influence financial predictability for a nonprofit organization. Financial portfolio theory is used to model a nonprofit organizations optimal combination of revenue streams in order to minimize financial risk. The optimal combination of funding from government and other sources depends on the variance and covariance between the sources of revenue. Data from nonprofit foster care organizations in New York State are used to show that nonprofit organizations that are more dependent on government funding as a source of revenue have more predictable revenues.

Public good theories of the non-profit sector: Weisbrod revisited

Burton Weisbrods 1975 article, Toward a theory of the voluntary non-profit sector in a three-sector economy, models non-profit organisations as suppliers of public goods which are undersupplied by government to heterogeneous populations. This article examines the implications, extensions and empirical tests of the Weisbrod theory. It also examines the theories of pure and impure altruism, the heterogeneity hypothesis, and the various ‘publicness’ indexes of non-profit output. The commonalities between the public good model and the trustworthiness model of non-profit organisations are also explored.

Lib-Value: Values, Outcomes, and Return on Investment of Academic Libraries, Phase III: ROI of the Syracuse University Library

This study measures the return on investment (ROI) of the Syracuse University library. Faculty and students at Syracuse University were surveyed using contingent valuation methodology to measure their willingness to pay in time and money for the services of the academic library. Their travel time and use of the online library was measured to determine the environmental value of the academic library. The economic and environmental value of the Syracuse University library show an ROI of

Public Good Theories of the Nonprofit Sector

4.49 returned to the university for every

The economics of access versus ownership: The Library for Natural Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences

1.00 spent each year.

University-Wide Entrepreneurship Education

Burton A. Weisbrod’s (1975) “Toward a theory of the voluntary nonprofit sector in a three-sector economy” is a cornerstone in the literature on the economics of nonprofit organizations. In the Weisbrod model nonprofit organizations satisfy a demand for public goods, which is left unfilled by government provision. The government satisfies the demand of the median voter and therefore provides a level of the public good less than some citizens’—with a level of demand greater than the median voter’s—desire. This unfilled demand for the public good is satisfied by nonprofit organizations. These nonprofit organizations are financed by the donations of citizens who want to increase the output of the public good.

Creating a dynamic campus-community entrepreneurial ecosystem: Key characteristics of success

This article applies the economic model of interlibrary loan and library journal subscriptions developed by Kingma in 1996 to data from the Library for Natural Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences. The model shows whether a library journal subscription or providing access to journal articles by interlibrary loan is more cost‐effective. The cost of international interlibrary loan including document delivery and the journal subscription policies to foreign periodicals existing in a large academic library in Russia are examined. Results are similar to the results found in the Kingma study of the Library Centres for the State University of New York. The most cost‐effective way to provide access to scientific journal articles within Russia is to provide additional funding for international interlibrary loan rather than increasing the number of journal subscriptions.

Electronic journal publishing in mathematics

Abstract In 2004 and 2007, the Kauffman Foundation awarded 18 universities and colleges