Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado

Obtenção de nanocelulose da fibra de coco verde e incorporação em filmes biodegradáveis de amido plastificados com glicerol

Composites strengthened with nanocellulose have been developed with the aim of improving mechanical, barrier, and thermal properties of materials. This improvement is primarily due to the nanometric size and the high crystallinity of the incorporated cellulose. Cassava starch films plasticized with glycerol and incorporated with nanocellulose from coconut fibers were developed in this study. The effect of this incorporation was studied with respect to the water activity, solubility, mechanical properties, thermal analysis, and biodegradability. The study demonstrated that the film properties can be significantly altered through the incorporation of small concentrations of nanocellulose.

Desenvolvimento e avaliação da eficácia de filmes biodegradáveis de amido de mandioca com nanocelulose como reforço e com extrato de erva-mate como aditivo antioxidante

The objective was to develop biodegradable packaging using a polymer matrix as the cassava starch plasticized with glycerol and reinforced with the incorporation of nanocelulose of coconut fiber, as well as to evaluate the effect of the addition of an additive nature (yerba mate) in nanobiocompositos formulations with antioxidant action. The nanocrystal cellulose (L/D=39) were obtained by acid hydrolysis with 65% H2SO4. The films were prepared by casting containing 4.5 and 6.0% starch, 0.5 and 1.5% glycerol, 0.3% nanocelulose and 20% extract of yerba mate. The palm oil storage packed with films containing the additive was monitored for 40 days under conditions of accelerated oxidation (63%UR/30°C). It was found that as the losses increase polyphenol films, there is a smaller increase of the peroxide value of the packaged product, thus demonstrating that instead of the product, the compounds of the packages who are suffering oxidation. The incorporation of yerba mate extract did not alter the mechanical and barrier properties of these films.

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic properties of various Brazilian propolis extracts.

Propolis is known for its biological properties and its preparations have been continuously investigated in an attempt to solve the problem of their standardization, an issue that limits the use of propolis in food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and cytotoxic effects of extracts of red, green, and brown propolis from different regions of Brazil, obtained by ethanolic and supercritical extraction methods. We found that propolis extracts obtained by both these methods showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity. The extracts obtained by ethanolic extraction showed higher antioxidant activity than that shown by the extracts obtained by supercritical extraction. Ethanolic extracts of red propolis exhibited up to 98% of the maximum antioxidant activity at the highest extract concentration. Red propolis extracts obtained by ethanolic and supercritical methods showed the highest levels of antimicrobial activity against several bacteria. Most extracts demonstrated antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. None of the extracts analyzed showed activity against Escherichia coli or Candida albicans. An inhibitory effect of all tested ethanolic extracts on the growth of Trypanosoma cruzi Y strain epimastigotes was observed in the first 24 h. However, after 96 h, a persistent inhibitory effect was detected only for red propolis samples. Only ethanolic extracts of red propolis samples R01Et.B2 and R02Et.B2 showed a cytotoxic effect against all four cancer cell lines tested (HL-60, HCT-116, OVCAR-8, and SF-295), indicating that red propolis extracts have great cytotoxic potential. The biological effects of ethanolic extracts of red propolis revealed in the present study suggest that red propolis can be a potential alternative therapeutic treatment against Chagas disease and some types of cancer, although high activity of red propolis in vitro needs to be confirmed by future in vivo investigations.

Use of Patent Indicators as a Methodology for Evaluating the Development of Supercritical Extraction Technology

The use of science and technology indicators that plan investments in research, development and innovation has been growing in recent years. This article aimed to evaluate the scientific and technological indicators, through research related to patent applications and spending on RD&I carried out by the sponsor countries of supercritical extraction technology. Survey was carried out in the online databases for European office Espacenet (EP), by collecting, processing and analysis of information extracted from patent documents. The researched technology is mainly concentrated in developed countries, which have the largest investments in RD&I in recent years.

Prospective Study on the Collection and Incorporation of Cellulose Nanocrystals in Biodegradable Films

In recent years, several research groups have reported new techniques for forming nanocelulose from different natural sources and for the incorporation of these polymeric materials. The objective of this work was to technological prospecting mapping process to obtain nanocrystals, main sources and implementing them in biodegradable films. It was observed that the United States stands out as the largest holder of technology of interest.

Comparison of the Centesimal, Mineral and Phytochemical Composition of Pulps and Peel of Ten Different Fruits

Existem varias frutas nativas ou cultivadas no Brasil que ainda nao foram estudadas quanto ao seu potencial antioxidante e funcionalidade. Neste estudo foi caracterizada a composicao fisico-quimica, mineral e de compostos bioativos da polpa e casca de dez frutas. As frutas avaliadas foram atemoia, cajarana, fruta-pao, graviola , jaca, lichia, mangaba, sapoti, seriguela e pinha. Foi verificado maior teor de proteina (1,24 a 3,43g/100g) nas frutas da familia Annonaceae (atemoia, graviola e pinha) tanto na casca como na polpa, e, teores de lipideos mais altos para o sapoti (polpa e casca: 2,37 e 3,37g/100g, respectivamente). De forma geral, a concentracao dos minerais nas cascas das frutas foi superior quando comparada as polpas. As frutas da familia Annonaceae apresentaram os maiores valores de fenolicos, principalmente na casca. Os maiores teores de antocianinas e flavonoides foram verificados nas cascas da lichia e da mangaba, respectivamente. A maioria das frutas apresentou concentracao superior dos parâmetros investigados nas cascas, consideradas como residuos das agroindustrias. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo reforcam a necessidade de maiores investigacoes que abordem a utilizacao destes residuos na producao de alimentos e como materia-prima para extracao de componentes ativos para possiveis aplicacoes industriais.

Effect of Applying Pectinolytic Enzymes in Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam. Pulp

Umbu (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) is a native fruit from the Brazilian semi-arid regions of northeastern, which has been raising the attention of the exotic fruit sector due to its nutritional and sensorial qualities, increasing the range of products using umbu as raw material. With the aim to verify the effect of applying pectinolytic enzymes on colour and viscosity of umbu pulp, an central composite design with three independent variables (viscosity, L* and b*) and three dependent variables (viscosity, L* and b*) was applied using umbu pulp at three different pH values (2.3, 3.5 and 4.5). The most significant results were found with pH 2.3 for viscosity response, and pH 3.5 for L*. With the fruit s natural pH of 2.3 time and temperature were the most significant variables for viscosity. With pH 3.5 e zy ati o e tratio a d ti e ere the aria les that i flue ed the pulp s lu i osity, ithi the tested values. The application of these enzymes exerted effect on reducing viscosity and in the process of clarifying the umbu pulp. Therefore, it should be consider the pH ratio, temperature and enzyme concentration to define the technical parameters of industrial application to umbu fruit pulp.

Aplicação de Extrato de Própolis em Produtos Alimentícios: Uma Prospecção Baseada em Documentos de Patentes

Due to the characteristics of propolis, their extracts have been used in various products which has its technology developed and protected by patent documents. The aim of the study was to perform a technological forecasting of the application of propolis extracts in food products. The search was conducted in the online base of Espacenet and INPI. The results showed that Japan stands out as the largest holder of technology researched despite import almost the totality of propolis from Brazil. The Brazil despite being third in the world production of propolis, does not have a domain protection of this technology.

MACROALGAS MARINHAS COMESTÍVEIS: TENDÊNCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS

As macroalgas marinhas sao aplicadas como indicadoras de poluicao e restauradoras de sistemas aquaticos, uso como “reagentes quimicos” em processos de pre-concentracao na Quimica Analitica e, tambem, tem sido utilizadas como fertilizantes e racao para animais, considerando que o valor das algas destinadas a alimentacao e maior que o daquelas utilizadas para a obtencao de produtos industriais, e que seu conteudo em nutrientes e alto, as macroalgas representam uma fonte mundial de alimentos. Neste contexto, este trabalho visa levantar patentes e publicacoes cientificas em bases de dados especificas voltadas para a aplicacao de macroalgas comestiveis na nutricao humana e animal. Dentre as producoes cientificas buscadas, predominam aquelas relacionados a area de alimentos referem-se a descoberta/comprovacao de propriedades antioxidantes e da composicao lipidica das macroalgas. Ha, tambem, um baixo percentual de aplicacao de patentes na area de alimentos englobando alimentacao humana e animal.

DENDÊ E SEU POTENCIAL DE USO: UMA PROSPECÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA

O dende (Elaeis guineensis) e uma olaeginosa de grande produtividade. Seu oleo tem uma cor que vai do amarelo ao vermelho devido a presenca de carotenoides, pigmentos com propriedades antioxidantes. Este oleo tem amplo uso comercial, na industria de alimentos, farmaceutica e quimica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar um estudo de prospeccao para avaliar o panorama mundial da utilizacao do dende. Foram realizadas consultas nos bancos de dados de patentes (Espacenet e no Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial), utilizando palavras-chave em ingles para a pesquisa avancada (Advanced Search). O Brasil e um dos principais mercados destacando-se pela quantidade de documentos. A industria de alimentos e de biotecnologia (biocombustiveis) sao das que mais utilizam este recuso natural. A maioria das instituicoes depositantes e de natureza privada corporativa. Houve aumento de depositos a partir do ano 2000, em virtude da insercao de novas tecnologias no beneficiamento do dende e seus derivados.