Bruna Mendonça Alves

Modelos para a estimação da área foliar de feijão de porco por dimensões foliares

The objective of this work was to model the leaf area of jack bean determined by digital photos with the length or width and/or the product length × width of the central leaflet limb of the leaf. At six periods of crop development (29, 43, 57, 73, 87 and 101 days after emergence) 745 leaves were randomly collected. Each leaf is composed by left, center and right leaflets. The length (CFC) and width (LFC) were measured and the product length by the width (CFC×LFC) of the central leaflet calculated. The leaf area (sum of the leaf area of the left, center and right leaflets) was calculated by the method of digital photos (Y). An amount of 605 leaves were used to build models of the type quadratic, potency and linear, considering Y as function of the CFC, LFC and/or CFC×LFC. For validation, 140 leaves were used. The potency model of the leaf area obtained by method of digital photos (Ŷ=3.7046x1.8747, R2=0.9757) based on the width central leaflet, is adequate to estimate the leaf area in jack bean.

Tamanho de amostra para a estimação da média do comprimento, diâmetro e massa de sementes de feijão de porco e mucuna cinza

The objective of this research was to determine the sample size (number of seeds) to estimate the average of length, major and minor diameters and weight of seeds of jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) and velvet bean (Stizolobium cinereum). In 300 seeds of jack bean and 300 seeds of velvet bean it was measured following characters: length, major and minor diameters and weight. It was calculated measures of central tendency and variability. After the hypothesis of equality between the means and homogeneity of variances, were tested. It was determined the sample size using resampling with replacement of 10,000 samples. For estimating the average of length, major and minor diameters and weight, with amplitude of confidence interval of 95%, equal 10% of average estimate, 117 and 66 seeds are sufficient, respectively, for jack bean and velvet bean.

Estimação da área foliar de canola por dimensões foliares

The objective of this work was to model and identify the best models to estimate the leaf area determined by digital photos, of three canola hybrid, with the length or width and / or the product length width of the leaf. Three uniformity trials were carried with the culture of canola (Brassica napus L.). In each trial was valued one of the following hybrids: Hyola 61, Hyola 76, Hyola 433. In each hybrid were collected 125 leaves at 77, 84, 91, 97 days after sowing, totaling 1,500 leaves. In these 1,500 leaves were measured length (C) and width (L) and calculated the length width (C×L) of the leaf. Was determined the leaf area of each leaf, by the method of digital photos (Y). After, for each hybrid were separated, randomly, 80% of the leaves (100 leaves by collects × 4 collects by hybrid = 400 leaves per hybrid) to build models of quadratic, potency and linear type for Y function of the C, L and/or C×L. The remaining 20% of the leaves (100 leaves by hybrid), separately, were used to validate the models. In canola, the potency model for hybrid Hyola 61 (Ŷ = 1.3000x1.9336, R2 = 0.9531), Hyola 76 (Ŷ = 1.0579x2.0383, R2 = 0.9733) and Hyola 433 (Ŷ = 1.4154x1.9096, R2 = 0.9613), are adequate for estimation of leaf area determined by digital photos (Y) as function of the width of the leaf (x).

Precisão experimental relacionada a tamanhos de parcelas, números de tratamentos e repetições em nabo forrageiro

The objective of this work was to determine the experimental precision in the evaluation of forage turnip fresh matter weight, in scenarios formed by combinations of plot sizes and number of treatments and replicates. Data from fresh matter weight of 3,456 basic experimental units of 0.5×0.5 m (0.25 m2) were used. The scenarios (1,728) were planned and formed by the combinations of six plot sizes (0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, and 2.25 m2), i treatments (i = 5, 6,..., 20), and r replicates (r = 3, 4,..., 20). For each scenario, 2,000 resamplings were carried out, with replacement. The average of these 2,000 estimates, in each scenario, was calculated for the least significant difference by Tukeys test, the variation index, and the experimental coefficient of variation. These statistics, in that order, are adequate to evaluate the experimental precision. To evaluate turnip fresh matter weight, in experiments in a completely randomized design with 5 to 20 treatments and five replicates, plots with the size of six basic experimental units (1.50 m2) are sufficient to identify significant differences between treatments - less than or equal to 36.88% of the overall mean -, by Tukeys test at 5% probability, in experiments in a completely randomized design with 5 to 20 treatments and five replicates.

Tamanho de parcela e número de repetições em canola

The objectives of this work were to determine the optimum plot size and number of repetitions, to evaluate the fresh weight of canola (Brassica napus L.). Twenty-seven uniformity trials of 5m×5m (25m2) were conducted. Each trials was divided in 25 basic experimental units (BEU) of 1m×1m, totaling 675BEU. The fresh weight of plants, in each BEU was weighed. The optimum plot size (Xo) was determined by the method of maximum curvature of the model coefficient of variation and the means compared, among hybrids, by Scott-Knott test. The number of repetitions, for experiments on completely randomized and randomized block designs, in scenarios of combinations of i treatments (i=3, 4, ..., 50) and d minimal differences between treatments means, to be detected as significant, 5% probability by Tukey test, expressed in percentage of the average of the experiment (d=10%, 12%, ..., 40%), was determined by iterative process until convergence. The optimum plot size to evaluate the fresh weight of canola is 6.41 m2. Four replications, to evaluate up to 50 treatments, in completely randomized and randomized block designs, are sufficient to identify, as significant at the 5% probability by Tukey test, differences between treatment means 41.4% of the average experiment.

Tamanho de parcela e número de repetições na cultura do milheto em épocas de avaliação

The objectives of this work were to determine the optimum plot size (Xo) and number of repetitions, to evaluate the fresh weight of aerial part of millet, in evaluation times. Forty-two uniformity trials with 6 m×4 m (24 m2) were conducted. Each trial was divided in 24 experimental units basic (UEB) with 1 m×1 m (1 m2). At 52, 69 and 82 days after sowing were evaluated, respectively, 18, 6 and 18 trials, where the fresh weight of plants was weighed in each UEB. The Xo was determined by the method of maximum curvature of the model coefficient of variation and the means compared, among evaluation times, by Student’s t test. The number of repetitions for experiments on completely randomized and randomized block designs, in scenarios of combinations of i treatments (i=3, 4, ..., 50) and d minimal differences between treatments means, to be detected as significant, 5% probability by Tukey test, expressed in percentage of the average of the experiment (d=10%, 12%, ..., 30%), was determined by iterative process until convergence. The optimum plot size to evaluate the fresh weight of aerial part of millet is 4.46 m2, to the three evaluation times. To evaluate up to 50 treatments, in completely randomized and randomized block designs, four replications are sufficient for differences between treatment means of 28.75% of the average experiment are significant at 5% probability, by Tukey’s test.

Adubação nitrogenada sobre rendimento industrial e composição dos grãos de arroz irrigado

O efeito de doses em cobertura de adubacao nitrogenada foi avaliado sobre o rendimento do beneficiamento, a incidencia de graos gessados e barriga branca, os teores de proteina e de amilose nos graos polidos da variedade de arroz irrigado IRGA 422CL. Utilizando a ureia como fonte de nitrogenio (N), os tratamentos constituiram-se de doses crescentes distribuidas em cobertura na primeira aplicacao (0, 40, 63, 80 e 120kg ha-1 de N), na parcela principal (10x5m), e na segunda aplicacao (0, 25, 50 e 75kg ha-1 de N), na subparcela (2,5x5m). Assim, foram obtidos 20 tratamentos com variacao de 0 a 195kg ha-1 de N aplicado durante o cultivo. As doses em cobertura de adubacao nitrogenada influenciaram quadratica e positivamente o rendimento de graos inteiros (R2=0,75) e negativamente a percentagem de graos quebrados (R2=-0,89), nao apresentando efeitos significativos na percentagem de casca + farelo. As doses de nitrogenio influenciaram de forma linear positiva sobre o teor de proteina (R2=0,81) e linear negativa sobre o teor de amilose (R2=-0,66), nos graos polidos da variedade de arroz irrigado IRGA 422CL.

Phyllochron and leaf appearance rate in oat

Abstract: Phyllochron and leaf appearance rate are both important parameters in the production efficiency of agricultural crops. The objectives of this study were to determine the phyllochron and leaf appearance rate in 4 oat cultivars ( Avena sativa L.) in 3 sowing dates and verify the variability of phyllochron and leaf appearance rate among cultivars and sowing dates. The experimental design was the completely randomized with 12 treatments and 20 repetitions. Treatments were formed by the combination of 4 cultivars (URS Charrua, URS Taura, URS Estampa, and URS Corona) and 3 sowing dates in 2014 (April 28, May 28, and July 14). In each plant (repetition) of each treatment, the number of expanded leaves (NEL) was counted 3 times per week from the first leaf emission until flowering. For each plant, cultivar, and sowing date, linear regression was adjusted between NEL and Crop produCtion And MAnAgeMent - Article Phyllochron and leaf appearance rate in oat Gabriela Gorgen Chaves, Alberto Cargnelutti Filho*, Bruna Mendonca Alves, Andre Lavezo, Cleiton Antonio Wartha, Daniela Barbieri Uliana, Rafael Vieira Pezzini, Jessica Andiara Kleinpaul, Ismael Mario Marcio Neu

Models for leaf area estimation in dwarf pigeon pea by leaf dimensions

Bragantia, Campinas, v. 77, n. 2, p.221-229, 2018 ABSTRACT: This study aims to determine the most suitable model to estimate the leaf area of dwarf pigeon pea in function of the leaf central leaflet dimension. Six samplings of 200 leaves were performed in the first experiment, at 36, 42, 50, 56, 64, and 72 days after emergence (DAE). In the second experiment, seven samplings of 200 leaves were performed at 29, 36, 43, 49, 57, 65, and 70 DAE, totaling 2600 leaves. The length (L) and width (W) of the central leaflet were measured in all leaves composed by left, central, and right leaflets, the product of length times width (LW) was calculated, and the leaf area (Y – sum of left, central, and right leaflet areas) was determined by digital images. Linear, power, quadratic, and cubic models of Y as function of L, W, and LW were BASIC AREAS Article

Associações lineares entre caracteres fenológicos, morfológicos, produtivos e nutricionais energéticos em milho

The objective of this work was to verify if there is linear dependence between the phenological, morphological, and productive traits and the energetic-nutritional ones in early maturing and super-early maturing corn genotypes. A total of 36 early maturing and 22 super-early maturing corn genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replicates, and the phenological, morphological, productive, and energetic-nutritional traits were measured. The matrix of phenotypic correlation coefficients among traits was determined; the multicollinearity diagnosis was carried out within each group of traits; and the canonical correlation analysis was performed. Linear dependence was observed between the groups of phenological, morphological, and productive traits and of the energetic-nutritional ones. In early maturing genotypes, significant canonical correlation shows the existence of linear dependence between the morphological and energetic-nutritional traits. The significant canonical pair shows that taller plants have lower amylose contents in the grains and reduced nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy. In super-early maturing genotypes, significant canonical correlations of the phenological, morphological, and productive traits with the energetic-nutritional ones indicate that a greater number of days from sowing to female flowering and ear insertion height, as well as a lower number of ears, increase ether extract contents in the grains.