Burak Turgut

The Usage of the Term ‘’Formefruste’’ in Ophthalmology

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com excavation in serpiginous choroiditis [2-11]. Additionally, it has been also reported for defining of atypical clinical forms of some neuro-ophthalmological diseases such as multiple sclerosis, tuberosis sclerosis, Vogt-Koyanagi Syndrome and idiopathic intracranial hypertension, trilateral retinoblastoma and acnea rosacea as dermatological disease [12-17]. Actually, any ocular finding may be a sign of a formefruste of any ocular, extraocular or systemical disease. Additionally, the term ‘’formefruste’’ has been not been choiced in ophthalmological literature except only for the nomenclature of the frank, early stage or subclinical or preclinical or symptomless manifestation of KK for a long time [18,19]. Formefruste KK has mild corneal topographic characteristics suggestive of an early subclinical KK [2,18,19]. To my opinion, the usage of a term ‘’occult’’ or ‘’atypical’’ seems more appropriate for incomplete forms of the ocular diseases instead of the terms of ‘’formefruste’’ and ‘’subclinical disease’’.

Differences between the Characteristics of Normal Tension Glaucoma and High Tension Glaucoma

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: NTG: Normal Tension Glaucoma; NPG: Normal Pressure Glaucoma; POAG: Primary Open Angle Glaucoma; HPG: High Pressure Glaucoma; HTG: High Tension Glaucoma; RNFL: Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer; OD: Optic Disc; RGCs: Retinal Ganglion Cells; IOP: Intra-Ocular Pressure; GON: Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy; CNTGS: Collaborative Normal Tension Glaucoma Study; ODH: Optic Disc Hemorrhage; CCT: Central Cornea Thickness; CSFP: Cerebro-Spinal Fluid Pressure; ONPP: Optic Nerve Perfusion Pressure; PVD: Peripheral Vascular Dysregulation; OBF: Ocular Blood Flow; OSAS: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

The non-Responsiveness to Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents in the Treatment of Neovascularage-Related Macular Degeneration

In this editorial, the definition and potential risk factors of the non-responsiveness to the intravitreal applications of anti-vascular endothelial growth factors in the patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration were summarized. To know the potential risk factors for the non-responsiveness to these agents may prevent unnecessary treatment interventions and unrealistic patient expectations.

The Importance of VRI and AOR Segmentations in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

In this editorial, it was aimed to call attention to the importance of the screening and the evaluation of the segmentations of vitreoretinal interface and avascular outer retina in optical coherence tomography angiography for subclinical or early pre-retinal and choroidal neovascularization. In optical coherence tomography angiography of a healthy subject, both segmentations of vitreoretinal interface and avascular outer retina do not show obvious vascular structure. Thus, these two segmentations can be used for the screening of preretinal and choroidal neovascularization in various ischemic vascular diseases.