Byeong Eun Moon

Effects of an Aluminum Sulfate and Ferric Chloride Blend on Poultry Litter Characteristics in Vitro

Abstract Previous studies have applied various concentrations of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride separately to poultry litter to reduce environmental pollution and increase chicken productivity. In the present study, we investigated the effect of using a blend of these 2 chemicals under 5 different treatments: control (no addition), 50 + 50, 25 + 50, 50 + 25, and 25 + 25 g/kg of litter, which consisted of fresh chicken manure (1 kg) and sawdust (4 kg) thoroughly mixed in a 70 × 47 × 43 cm box. NH3 and CO2 volatilizations, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and moisture content of the poultry litter were assessed weekly up to 6 wk and in the case of total and water‐soluble nutrients they were assessed after 1 and 42 d. The control treatment had higher NH3 and CO2 volatilizations than the treated litter throughout the experiment. EC and pH showed an inverse relationship, whereby the control treatment had high pH and low EC values and the treated litter had low pH and high EC values. After 42 d, nitrogen levels were significantly reduced in the control treatment, whereas the 50 + 50 g/kg treatment had the highest content. Conversely, water‐soluble phosphorus levels were much lower in the treated poultry litter after 1 and 42 d. A higher ferric chloride concentration (25 + 50 g/kg) in the blend was more effective than a higher aluminum sulfate concentration (50 + 25 g/kg). These findings demonstrate that a combination of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride may be a useful amendment for reducing NH3 and CO2 volatilizations, pH, and moisture content of poultry litter, which will help in improving poultry productivity, pollution control, and poultry litter fertilizer usage.

Lettuce growth prediction in plant factory using image processing technology

Abstract Image processing technology has been widely utilized in measuring growth levels of plants, controlling damage by harmful insects, and determining the proper harvesting time in plant factories, and proving the greater potential. This study aims to analyze and predict lettuce growth by monitoring growing lettuce from deep flow technique system and sprayed water culture system and processing the captured images. The plant factory has a total of eight beds, Consists of different light environments. The configuration of the experimental devices separated as imaging device to capture images and computer for image processing. The lettuce images were captured by means of a CCD camera, and then the background was separated from the lettuce by removing the independent pixels after the images were binarized using Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0. Growth of lettuce was analyzed through pixel of lettuce, and we compared with growing-related data. As a result, judged deemed possible to predict the growth of lettuce using image processing in a plant factory. Better quality of lettuce can be produced efficiently through prediction of growth.

An Analysis of Local Quantity of Carbon Absorption, Fixing and Discharge by Using GIS

Abstract Due to increasing greenhouse gas emissions, global warming and abnormal weather phenomena it has become important on a national level to keep a count of greenhouse gases being emitted. In this study, we want to take advantage of any selected area, as the basic data for the calculation of greenhouse gas emissions, forest and grassland, rice fields, and the fields (crops), Greenhouse horticulture (Crops), barn (cow, pig), farm (population, agricultural machinery set, vehicles, etc.), the basic building blocks shots with a small amount of per-unit basis, the statistics calculated based on regional carbon emissions through the literature and experimental. As a result, carbon absorption 772,960 ton C / year, amount of fixed 487,477 ton C / year, amount of emission 1,112,607 ton C / year were noted in Gimje-si, and amount of carbon absorption 55,559 ton C / year, amount of fixed 25,864 ton C / year, amount of emissions 58,355 ton C / year in Gongdeok-myeon, respectively. The carbon absorption at Hwangsan-ri is 25,107 ton C/year, fixing 4,301 ton C/year, and discharge 20,330 ton C/year respectively. From these results, we were able to estimate the amount of carbon according to the specific characteristics of each unit village, then expanding it to a large-scale and comparative analysis, therefore we were able to obtain basic data on the national levels of carbon absorption.

Estimate of CO2 consumption in lettuce according to the leaf area

Abstract Currently, human life and ecosystems are being threatened by rising temperatures, rising sea levels, seasonal variations, etc. due to global warming and abnormal weather phenomena. Accordingly, studies have been actively performed on plant factories and large greenhouses to enable us to grow crops without coming into contact with global weathers and climates. The recent improvement of facility cultivation technologies has enabled us to adjust not only temperature, humidity, and light environments but also CO 2 concentration (Sun et al, 2001). Of those factors, CO 2 is important in the growth of plants (Nederhoff et al, 1994). It appears that improving Co2 literacy will be possible by determining the limiting factors in photosynthesis under constant environmental conditions and improving these factors through biotechnology approaches. This study attempts to measure CO 2 consumption of lettuce according to the leaf area under CO 2 consumption of lettuce and thereby to investigate the relationship between leaf area and CO 2 consumption for the purpose of estimating CO 2 consumption per leaf area of lettuce cultivated from plant factories or large greenhouses. Additionally, based on the results from this study, we will measure the amount of CO2 consumption in plant factories and large green houses, to estimate the vegetation areas of plants. For the configuration of experimental apparatuses, a dual-fully enclosed chamber (1000X1000X1550) was manufactured to measure CO 2 concentration. As an experimental tool, a planimeter was used to measure the leaf area of lettuce. In experiments, CO 2 consumption of lettuce according to leaf area under artificial light sources was measured and thereby we tried to identify the relationship between leaf area and CO 2 consumption. After the experiment, the leaf area of lettuce was measured, the relationship between the leaf area and CO2 consumption was identified. It was thereby observed that CO2 consumption according to leaf area and unit leaf area differs.