C. Bermudo

Analytical Approach to the Indentation Process. Application of the Upper Bound Element Technique

Present work poses, from the methodological point of view, an approach to a case offorging by indentation by means of the application of the Upper Bound Element Technique(UBET), in his development of triangular rigid blocks (TRB). With two approaches of differentnature (Modulate and not Modulate), it tackles the study of the evolution of the necessary minimumenergy to attain the required deformation. The UBET allows a suitable implementation of theboundary conditions of the process, as well as the characteristic of the same, such as the kind offriction or the geometrical considerations, without limit on the flow of material in contrary directionto the applied load by the tool.

Experimental Validation of the New Modular Application of the Upper Bound Theorem in Indentation

Nowadays, thanks to the new manufacturing processes, indentation is becoming an essential part of the new arising processes such as the Incremental Forming Processes. This work presents the experimental validation of the analytical model developed for an indentation-based process. The analytical model is originated from the Upper Bound Theorem application by means of its new modular distribution. The modules considered are composed of two Triangular Rigid Zones each. The experimental validation is performed through a series of indentation tests with work-pieces of annealed aluminium EN AW-2030 and punches of steel AISI 304, under plane strain conditions. The results are compared with the ones obtained from the application of this new modular distribution of the Upper Bound Theorem, showing a good approximation and suitability of the model developed for an indentation-based process.

Selection of the Optimal Distribution for the Upper Bound Theorem in Indentation Processes

It has been established, in previous studies, the best adaptation and solution for the implementation of the modular model, being the current choice based on the minimization of the p/2k dimensionless relation obtained for each one of the model, analyzed under the same boundary conditions and efforts. Among the different cases covered, this paper shows the study for the optimal choice of the geometric distribution of zones. The Upper Bound Theorem (UBT) by its Triangular Rigid Zones (TRZ) consideration, under modular distribution, is applied to indentation processes. To extend the application of the model, cases of different thicknesses are considered

Analysis of the Integrated Implementation of the Manufacturing Engineering Subject in Engineering Degrees at the Malaga University

In this paper the integrated implementation of the Manufacturing Engineering subject in all new engineering degrees at the University of Malaga is analyzed, within the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) framework. After identifying the methodology used by Department of Engineering Manufacturing Process and the problems generated in its development, the robustness of the designed organization system is justified. This methodology has successfully overcome the negative effects of multiple changes made to the delivery of the first edition of this subject. Additionally, the methodology developed has generating a significant level of student satisfaction by comparison with near departments and overall university.

Material Flow Analysis in Indentation by Two-Dimensional Digital Image Correlation and Finite Elements Method

The present work shows the material flow analysis in indentation by the numerical two dimensional Finite Elements (FEM) method and the experimental two-dimensional Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method. To achieve deep indentation without cracking, a ductile material, 99% tin, is used. The results obtained from the DIC technique depend predominantly on the pattern conferred to the samples. Due to the absence of a natural pattern, black and white spray painting is used for greater contrast. The stress-strain curve of the material has been obtained and introduced in the Finite Element simulation code used, DEFORM™, allowing for accurate simulations. Two different 2D models have been used: a plain strain model to obtain the load curve and a plain stress model to evaluate the strain maps on the workpiece surface. The indentation displacement load curve has been compared between the FEM and the experimental results, showing a good correlation. Additionally, the strain maps obtained from the material surface with FEM and DIC are compared in order to validate the numerical model. The Von Mises strain results between both of them present a 10–20% difference. The results show that FEM is a good tool for simulating indentation processes, allowing for the evaluation of the maximum forces and deformations involved in the forming process. Additionally, the non-contact DIC technique shows its potential by measuring the superficial strain maps, validating the FEM results.

Hardening Effect Analysis by Modular Upper Bound and Finite Element Methods in Indentation of Aluminum, Steel, Titanium and Superalloys

The application of incremental processes in the manufacturing industry is having a great development in recent years. The first stage of an Incremental Forming Process can be defined as an indentation. Because of this, the indentation process is starting to be widely studied, not only as a hardening test but also as a forming process. Thus, in this work, an analysis of the indentation process under the new Modular Upper Bound perspective has been performed. The modular implementation has several advantages, including the possibility of the introduction of different parameters to extend the study, such as the friction effect, the temperature or the hardening effect studied in this paper. The main objective of the present work is to analyze the three hardening models developed depending on the material characteristics. In order to support the validation of the hardening models, finite element analyses of diverse materials under an indentation are carried out. Results obtained from the Modular Upper Bound are in concordance with the results obtained from the numerical analyses. In addition, the numerical and analytical methods are in concordance with the results previously obtained in the experimental indentation of annealed aluminum A92030. Due to the introduction of the hardening factor, the new modular distribution is a suitable option for the analysis of indentation process.

Thesaurus and Graphipedia Tools Development at the Manufacturing Engineering Subjects of the University of Malaga

The purpose of this work is to analyze the methodology developed in the Educational Innovation Project PIE13-025 implementation. The methodology aims to promote the ICT tools (Information and Communication Technologies) use by means of the Campus Virtual platform. The subjects set in which the methodology is applied belongs to the Area of “Manufacturing Engineering”, being all of them taught in the majority of the technical degrees within University of Malaga and Andalusia Tech. When the distinguishing characteristics of these contents have been identified, two specific teaching resources have been considered to be the best of the Manufacturing Engineering: “Thesaurus” and “Graphipedia”. Both can be developed using the Campus Virtual tools and other external applications.

Teaching Machines Tools Operation in Virtual Laboratories of Engineering Faculties

The knowledge of the different machines operation and their main mechanism has a great importance in mechanical engineer formation. Thus, in the manufacturing field, it is essential to understand the behaviour and basic principles of the machine tools. This paper presents some experiences developed by the manufacturing teachers of the University of Malaga to facilitate teaching of a high number of common machine-tools in mechanical engineering such as lathes, milling machines, drill press, planers or shapers. For this, a lot of technological data have been compiled to recreate the mechanical configurations, with more than 300 pieces in several cases, resulting in a virtual environment. Actually, the high number of students in the Engineering Faculties, the limited availability of these machines in laboratories and the difficulty to visualize the internal mechanisms show that the virtualization of this machine tools, presented in this work, provide an effective mean to transmit knowledge to the Engineering students, serving as an essential complement in the study of motion transmission mechanisms. In order to achieve greater effectiveness, each education project is enclosed with a guide where students can follow the operation of the machine tools in each virtualization.