Caleb Ademola Gbiri

Prevalence and impacts of low back pain among peasant farmers in South-West Nigeria

ObjectivesA relationship between low back pain (LBP) and poor postures has been previously established with a high prevalence observed in many occupations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of LBP, associated risk factors and impacts on farmers in South-West Nigeria.Materials and MethodsSix hundred and four farmers completed a 36-item closed-ended questionnaire which was translated to Yoruba language with content validity and back translation done afterwards. The questionnaire sought information on demographic data, 12-month prevalence, severity, history, causes and management of LBP, and its impacts on farm activities and the activities of daily living. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 17. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics of mean, range, frequency, standard deviation, percentage. Chi2 and Mann-Whitney-U test were used to find association between variables. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05.ResultsThe 12-month prevalence of LBP among the respondents was 74.4%. Low back pain was described as moderate in 53.4%. Prolonged bending (51.3%) was the most related risk factor. A considerable proportion (65.9%) of the respondents were unable to continue some of the previously enjoyed activities. Males had significantly higher (p ≪ 0.05) prevalence, recurrence and duration of LBP than the females.ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of LBP among farmers in South-West Nigeria. Age, sex and years of involvement in farming have a significant influence on the prevalence of LBP.

Prevalence and impact of disability and sexual dysfunction on Health-Related Quality of Life of Nigerian stroke survivors

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the impact of disability and sexual dysfunction on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among Nigerian stroke survivors (SSv) and to determine their association using sexual functioning (SF), Global Disability Measure and Function (GDMF), and demographic profiles. Methods: This study involved 121 consecutive SSv attending healthcare services in two tertiary health facilities in Nigeria. Demographic details were obtained through interview while HRQoL, SF, and Global Disability (GD) were assessed using Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (SS-QoL-12), Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14), and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS-2.0), respectively. Determinants of HRQoL were explored using the Poisson regression analysis. Results: Most of the SSv had moderate/severe GD (95%) and low SF (86.8%). Their HRQoL decreased with increase in their age (p = 0.005) and with increase in GD (p = 0.001). This association remained unchanged even when adjusted for SF (p = 0.001). Those with low SF but with mild GD had relatively better HRQoL than those with moderate/severe GD even when they had higher SF. Their HRQoL was negatively impacted by their GD but not by their SF despite direct correlation between SF and HRQoL. With a unit increase in level of GD, there was 8% decrease in HRQoL scores in psychosocial and 17% decrease in physical domains. Conclusion: Although sexual dysfunction and global disability are prevalent among Nigerian SSv, their low HRQoL is determined by their disability and not by SF. Hence, effort at reducing global disability should be the focus of rehabilitation after stroke. Implication for Rehabilitation Global functional and sexual deficiencies abound in stroke survivors and they impact negatively on their overall quality of life. Sexual dysfunction correlates negatively on physical and psychosocial wellbeing of stroke survivors. Rehabilitation goal(s) should focus disability reduction and improvement of sexual functioning to enhance quality of life. Rehabilitation professionals should equip themselves with tools to counsel stroke survivors on sex issue since sexual dysfunction is common post stroke.

The Reliability of the English Version of Ibadan Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome Measure (IKHOAM)

ABSTRACT Background: The Ibadan Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis Outcome Measure (IKHOAM) an outcome measure developed for evaluating the outcome of therapeutic interventions in patients with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis (OA) in Nigerian clinical settings and similar environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the English version of the IKHOAM. Methods: Fifty-four English-speaking patients with OA of knee/hip from physiotherapy clinics of all secondary and tertiary health institutions in Ibadan participated in this cross-sectional survey. The participants completed the self-reported parts of IKHOAM at 48-hr interval. Clinician-measured part of IKHOAM was administered once to each participant by three physiotherapists at the same time and for a second time by one of the physiotherapists after 48 hr. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and percentage) and analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient and Spearman rank order correlation. Results: The test–retest reliability for patient measured ranged from 0.94–0.99 (p < 0.01), while the intrarater reliability and interrater reliability for the clinician measured of the English version of the IKHOAM were 0.96 (p < 0.05) and 0.60 (p < 0.05), respectively. Conclusion: The English version of the IKHOAM is a reliable outcome measure, and it is recommended for integration in the assessment of patients with knee and/or hip OA in Nigerian clinical settings and similar environment.