Camilla Sløk

Niklas Luhmann’s Ambiguity Towards Religion

Zusammenfassung Luhmanns Verständnis von Religion ist ambivalent, insofern er einerseits davon ausgeht, daß Religion einen affirmativen Umgang mit Kontingenz und Freiheit pflegt und andererseits Religion als ein letztlich der Moderne nicht mehr angemessenes Funktionssystem betrachtet, da es Notwendigkeit postuliert in einer Gesellschaft, die sich wesentlich über Beobachtungen zweiter Ordnung konstituiert. Eine mögliche Auflösung der Ambiguität der Luhmannschen Analyse liegt in der Annahme einer internen Differenzierung des Religionssystems, indem 1) Religion als Kirche von 2) Religion als Reflexion unterschieden wird. Die distanzierte Sichtweise auf Religion bezieht sich dann auf die Religion als Institution, die eher affirmative Einstellung rekurriert auf das Reflexionspotential der Religion, das in ihrer Auseinandersetzung Kontingenz ... und Notwendigkeit begründet liegt.

To Be or Not to Be a Head Teacher: The Need of Hybrids as Deparadoxification Machines

The management of professionals traditionally shapes a dichotomy between the professionals and the management/strategic levels. This chapter seeks to challenge this dichotomy in favour of talking of management of professionals as hybrid leadership. I argue that there is a need in the public sector for hybrid leaders among professionals. The leader has both to continue being as professional as the professionals, but also not continue being a professional, in order to take care of the interests of the professionals and their clients. This means that the leader of professionals has to know the professional (i.e. the general element) in the particular, as well as seeing the particular case as part of the larger context of the organization: economy, environment, evaluations, etc. The leader has to be able to think strategically in relation to professional work. The case of the Danish head teachers displays this role of professionals leading professionals quite clearly, since the Danish teachers Union (DLF) insists on having only teachers as leaders of the local schools.

Don Giovanni as the Re-entry of the Spirit in the Flesh

In this article, I will look at how Don Giovanni is presented in Either/Or in relation to the notion of sensuality. In a challenge to some of the existing interpretations of the figure of Don Giovanni, I will undertake a close reading of the text that emphasizes Kierkegaard’s use of the concept of distinction. My aim is to show how Kierkegaard elaborates on the concept of sensuality through two distinctions: 1) a distinction between Greek culture and Christianity, and 2) a distinction between the early Christianity and the Christianity of the Middle Ages.