Cao Xihua

Comparative researches on effects of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate upon Lateolabrax japonicus biomarker system.

Fish Lateolabrax japonicus were exposed to anion surfactant sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at 1mg/l, respectively, for 6, 12 and 18d, with one control group. Liver antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were determined; brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and liver inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities were also measured. The results of the study indicated that these parameters made different, sometimes, adverse responses to SDBS and SDS exposure, such as the activity of iNOS can be inhibited by SDBS and induced by SDS, the different physico-chemical characteristics of SDBS and SDS should be responsible for their effects on enzyme activities.

改性粘土絮凝法对小球藻( Chlorella vulgaris )生理生化性质的影响

改性粘土治理赤潮生物的主要原理是絮凝作用,但水体中未被去除的微藻对改性粘土有怎样的生理生化响应尚不清楚。本文以小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）为模式生物,考察了改性粘土絮凝后水体中残余小球藻生理生化性质的变化情况。研究发现,经改性粘土或原土絮凝后,残余小球藻的生长受到了明显抑制,其丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量迅速上升,改性粘土组的MDA含量高于原土组。除了原土组过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）活性相比对照组没有明显变化外,改性粘土组和原土组超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、CAT、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（ascorbate peroxidase,APX）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-PX）等酶活,均呈现先上升后下降、并稳定在较高水平的变化趋势。原土组各酶活普遍低于改性粘土组,但GSH-PX活性则相反。结果表明,改性粘土不仅能高效去除水体中的小球藻,而且能够刺激残余的藻细胞积累较多的O2^-·和H2O2,从而对藻细胞造成过氧化伤害,抑制未被去除部分海洋微藻的正常生长。