Carl-Johan Widén

Phloroglucinol derivatives from Dryopteris fusco-atra and D. hawaiiensis

Abstract The phloroglucinol composition in two neotropical American ferns Dryopteris fuscoatra and D. hawaiiensis has been investigated. Dryopteris fusco-atra contains flavaspidic acids and filixic acids, which are a characteristic of the section Fibrillosae . The other member of the same section, D. hawaiiensis , lacks these compounds and instead contains much para-aspidin and the aromatic compounds margaspidin and phloraspidinol. Para-aspidin AB and margaspidin AB have been isolated for the first time from Dryopteris .

Cytogenetic and phytochemical investigations in hybrids of MacaronesianDryopteris (Pteridophyta: Aspidiaceae)

The cytology and phloroglucinol composition of wild and synthesized hybrids of MacaronesianDryopteris species have been examined. Both cytological and chemical evidence suggest that the tetraploidD. guanchica has arisen from the diploid speciesD. aemula andD. maderensis by hybridization and chromosome doubling. However, the formation of the characteristic fully aromatic compounds inD. aemula appears to be suppressed in most of the hybrids involving this species, and inD. guanchica.

Phloroglucinol derivatives in Dryopteris parallelogramma and D. patula

Abstract The phloroglucinol composition in two tropical American ferns, Dryoperis parallelogramma and D. patula has been investigated. Dryopteris parallelogramma , a member of the D. filix-mas complex, contains filixic acids, which are a characteristic of the group. Dryopteris patula contains aspidin, as do its relatives in the D. dilatata complex, and albaspidin- AA .

Chemotaxonomic studies onArachniodes (dryopteridaceae) I. Phloroglucinol derivatives of japanese species

Twelve species ofArachniodes from Japan were examined for phloroglucinol derivatives and glandularity of rhizome and petiole bases. For comparison 3 species ofDryopteris, 1 species ofCtenitis, 4 species ofPolystichum, and 1 species ofAcystopteris were also investigated.Phloroglucinol derivatives were detected for the first time by sensitive TLC in the followingArachniodes, Dryopteris andPolystichum species:A. amabilis, A. dimorphophylla, A. exilis, A. hasseltii, A. maximowiczii, A. miqueliana, A. mutica, A. nipponica, A. okinawensis, A. simplicior incl. var.major, D. hayatae, D. sparsa, andP. tsus-simense.On the other hand,A. pseudo-aristata, A. standishii, P. polyblepharum, P. pseudomakinoi, P. retroso-paleaceum, Ctenitis maximowicziana, andAcystopteris japonica were totally lacking phloroglucinols. The phloroglucinol containing species ofArachniodes andPolystichum contained external glands, whereas those ofDryopteris contained internal and/or external glands. External glands are common inDryopteris sect. Nephrocystis. In taxa lacking phloroglucinols no glands were present.The homologous iso-aspidins BB and AB were detected in ferns for the first time.