Carla Alexandra da Silva Moita Minervino

Emoções nas ruas: uso do "Test of Emotions Comprehension" em crianças em situação de trabalho na rua

The goal of the current research was to examine the development of nine components of emotions. For this purpose, 67 children, between 4 and 12 years old, who were found informally working on the streets of two cities in the Northeast of Brazil were interviewed. Children were given a version of the Test of Emotion Comprehension (TEC) to assess their understanding of nine different aspects of emotions. The collection of data happened in the space of the street. The results revealed that the oldest children obtained better results than the youngest ones. But these differences were not significant. It was observed that the TEC was well accepted by the investigated children and it is revealed as an instrument of easy use that reaches its objectives.

Executive Functions in Children Who Experience Bullying Situations

Bullying is characterized by intentional, repetitive, and persistent aggressive behavior that causes damage to the victim. Many studies investigate the social and emotional aspects related to bullying, but few assess the cognitive aspects it involves. Studies with aggressive individuals indicate impairment in executive functioning and decision-making. The objective of this study was to assess hot and cold executive functions in children who experience bullying. A total of 60 children between 10 and 11 years of age were included in the study. They were divided into four groups: aggressors (bullies), victims, bully-victims, and control. Tests for decision-making, inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility were used. The bully group made more unfavorable choices on the Iowa Gambling Task, which may indicate difficulties in the decision-making process. The victim group took longer to complete the Trail Making Test (Part B) than aggressors, suggesting lower cognitive flexibility in victims. The hypothesis that aggressors would have lower performance in other executive functions such as inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility has not been confirmed. This study indicates that bullies have an impairment of hot executive functions whereas victims have a comparatively lower performance in cold executive functions. In addition to social and cultural variables, neurocognitive and emotional factors seem to influence the behavior of children in bullying situations.

Consciência fonológica em adultos não alfabetizados

PURPOSE: to analyze the estimation of ability in phonological awareness of illiterate adults. METHODS: forty four adults, over the age of twenty eight and of both sexes, participated in the survey. The adults were divided into two groups, namely: (1) illiterate and (2) literate in childhood. The following instruments were used: Data on demographic data; Predictors of Reading Skills Test (THPL) test consists of tasks of rhyme, alliteration, and segmentation, administered individually and on a tablet. RESULTS: it occurs a significant difference in estimating ability in phonological awareness between the two groups. It is noteworthy that the ability to rhyme in the task was significantly higher in adult literacy. It was observed that the task of segmenting words has been considered more difficult. The results suggest a standard of skill, namely Alliteration> rhyme> targeting. An interesting finding relates to the execution time of the task, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference with regard to the execution time of the tasks of alliteration, rhyme and segmentation between the two groups. CONCLUSION: when verified the correlation between runtime and skill in the task, it was revealed that the correlation did not occur in both groups the same way: the group of positive correlation literate and illiterate group of negative correlation.

Normas de associação semântica para 20 categorias em adultos e idosos

Es necesario el desarrollo de normas para categorias semanticas para poder comprender como las personas organizan el conocimiento en la memoria y para la construccion de instrumentos de evaluacion cognitiva. El objetivo de este estudio es proporcionar normas asociativas de 20 categorias semanticas para muestras de brasilenos adultos y ancianos. Participaron 236 personas entre 40 y 88 anos, de cinco regiones de Brasil. Los participantes completaron un cuestionario de datos sociodemografico y un cuestionario de items para categorias semanticas y se les solicito la produccion de los cinco primeros ejemplares de cada categoria presentada. Los resultados fueron agrupados y son presentadas las normas de las categorias (ejemplares, tamano de categoria, respuestas correctas, en blanco y errores), asi como las respuestas de cada categoria, comunes a todas las regiones de Brasil.The development of semantic category norms is necessary to assist in the understanding of how individuals organize knowledge in memory, and to the creation of cognitive assessment instruments. The aim of this study is to provide associative norms of 20 semantic categories for Brazilian adults and elderly. The study included 236 participants from 40 to 88 years of age from the five Brazilian regions. They answered a socio-demographic questionnaire and a semantic category questionnaire, in which they were asked to produce the first five items of each category. Results are presented in category norms (items, category set size, correct responses, no responses and errors), as well as the responses that were common to all Brazilian regions belonging to each category.

Normas de asociación semántica para 20 categorías en adultos y ancianos

Es necesario el desarrollo de normas para categorias semanticas para poder comprender como las personas organizan el conocimiento en la memoria y para la construccion de instrumentos de evaluacion cognitiva. El objetivo de este estudio es proporcionar normas asociativas de 20 categorias semanticas para muestras de brasilenos adultos y ancianos. Participaron 236 personas entre 40 y 88 anos, de cinco regiones de Brasil. Los participantes completaron un cuestionario de datos sociodemografico y un cuestionario de items para categorias semanticas y se les solicito la produccion de los cinco primeros ejemplares de cada categoria presentada. Los resultados fueron agrupados y son presentadas las normas de las categorias (ejemplares, tamano de categoria, respuestas correctas, en blanco y errores), asi como las respuestas de cada categoria, comunes a todas las regiones de Brasil.The development of semantic category norms is necessary to assist in the understanding of how individuals organize knowledge in memory, and to the creation of cognitive assessment instruments. The aim of this study is to provide associative norms of 20 semantic categories for Brazilian adults and elderly. The study included 236 participants from 40 to 88 years of age from the five Brazilian regions. They answered a socio-demographic questionnaire and a semantic category questionnaire, in which they were asked to produce the first five items of each category. Results are presented in category norms (items, category set size, correct responses, no responses and errors), as well as the responses that were common to all Brazilian regions belonging to each category.

Semantic association norms for 20 categories in adults and elderly

Es necesario el desarrollo de normas para categorias semanticas para poder comprender como las personas organizan el conocimiento en la memoria y para la construccion de instrumentos de evaluacion cognitiva. El objetivo de este estudio es proporcionar normas asociativas de 20 categorias semanticas para muestras de brasilenos adultos y ancianos. Participaron 236 personas entre 40 y 88 anos, de cinco regiones de Brasil. Los participantes completaron un cuestionario de datos sociodemografico y un cuestionario de items para categorias semanticas y se les solicito la produccion de los cinco primeros ejemplares de cada categoria presentada. Los resultados fueron agrupados y son presentadas las normas de las categorias (ejemplares, tamano de categoria, respuestas correctas, en blanco y errores), asi como las respuestas de cada categoria, comunes a todas las regiones de Brasil.The development of semantic category norms is necessary to assist in the understanding of how individuals organize knowledge in memory, and to the creation of cognitive assessment instruments. The aim of this study is to provide associative norms of 20 semantic categories for Brazilian adults and elderly. The study included 236 participants from 40 to 88 years of age from the five Brazilian regions. They answered a socio-demographic questionnaire and a semantic category questionnaire, in which they were asked to produce the first five items of each category. Results are presented in category norms (items, category set size, correct responses, no responses and errors), as well as the responses that were common to all Brazilian regions belonging to each category.