Carla Franco Hoffmann

SÍNDROME DE TENSÃO MUSCULOESQUELÉTICA, MUSCULATURA LARÍNGEA EXTRÍNSECA E POSTURA CORPORAL: CONSIDERAÇÕES TEÓRICAS

The theme of this study is the musculoskeletal stress syndrome, extrinsic laryngeal muscles and body posture. The purpose is to describe, from the literature review, the characteristics of the extrinsic muscles of the larynx; posture; vocal implications of musculoskeletal stress syndrome; evaluation and physical therapy and voice therapy. We performed a literature review of the last 13 years which included articles aimed and/or body textwere in line with the objectives of this study. The research was conducted in the databases of Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciencias da Saude, Biblioteca Regional de Medicina, Public Medline, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on Line, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Google Schoolar. Were established important relationships within the physical therapy and voice therapy, among which stand out the relationships muscular, postural and functional synergy in the vocal apparatus. In physical therapy to reduce muscle tension, the literature indicates use of transcutaneous electrical stimulation, low level laser, laser acupuncture, cryotherapy, manual therapy and traction, massage, cervical manipulations and mobilizations, associated or not to exercise, stretching, isometric relaxation , assisted soft tissue mobilization, therapeutic exercises aimed at correcting balance and muscle, diaphragm and respiratory rehabilitation therapy craniocervical flexion. In speech therapy, studies found only through digital manipulation of the larynx and semi-ocluded vocal tract exercises.

As implicações da classe II de angle e da desproporção esquelética tipo classe II no aspecto miofuncional

TEMA: esse trabalho foi baseado na tematica de que existe uma associacao entre as mas oclusoes devido a alteracoes do crescimento craniofacial, e, por conseguinte, a existencia de alteracoes miofuncionais. OBJETIVOS: estudar a associacao entre as mas oclusoes tipo classe II desencadeadas por alteracoes do crescimento craniofacial e as disfuncoes do sistema estomatognatico (alteracoes miofuncionais: fala, mastigacao, degluticao e fonacao). CONCLUSAO: pode-se concluir que alteracoes estruturais da face podem ter influencia na funcionalidade das mesmas, portanto, enfatiza-se a importância do trabalho multidisciplinar entre os profissionais envolvidos em cada uma dessas aereas para que o prognostico desses casos seja pertinente de relevantes melhoras.

Tempo máximo de fonação de futuros profissonais da voz

Objetivo: verificar os tempos maximos de fonacao (TMF) de vogais e correlacionar os resultados das relacoes entre /e/ afono e sonoro (ė/e), s/z e TMF obtido/previsto (TMFO/TMFP), conforme o sexo, em futuros profissionais da voz adultos com voz normal. Metodo: selecao por meio de avaliacao vocal pela escala RASATI; coleta dos TMF /a, i, u, e, s, z/, do /e/ afono (/ė/) e da capacidade vital; calculo das relacoes s/z, ė/e e TMFO/TMFP de 50 mulheres (media 21,42 anos) e 12 homens (media 24,25 anos). Resultados: em ambos os sexos, os TMF estiveram significantemente dentro da normalidade ou com valores diminuidos, sugerindo equilibrio ou escape aereo a fonacao. Relacao s/z significantemente normal, relacao ė/e significantemente aumentada quando comparada aos resul tados diminuidos e, relacao TMFO/TMFP sem diferencas significantes. Resultados que apontaram equilibrio ou hipercontracao de pregas vocais a fonacao. Correlacao positiva significante apenas entre as relacoes ė/e e s/z mostrando que crescem proporcionalmente e que a relacao TMFO/TMFP nao se correlaciona com elas. Conclusao: os futuros profissionais da voz adultos e com voz normal estudados em sua maioria apresentaram os TMF de vogais dentro da normalidade ou diminuidos, a relacao s/z normal; a relacao ė/e com valores aumentados quando comparada ao grupo com valores diminuidos, sugerindo a presenca de incoordenacao pneumofonoarticulatoria. A correlacao positiva entre as relacoes ė/e e s/z sugere que ambas fornecem resultados compativeis entre si, nao ocorrendo o mesmo com a relacao TMFO/TMFP. DESCRITORES: Voz; Fonacao; Saude do Trabalhador; Avaliacao em Saude

Fluxo aéreo adaptado e coeficientes fônicos de futuros profissionais da voz

Purpose to verify and correlate adapted air flow (AAF), simple phonic coefficient (SPC) and composed phonic coefficient (CPC) in young adult future voice professionals of both genders which have normal voice as well as verifying frequency of sexes. Methods 62 subjects between 18 and 35 years old (12 men, mean 24,25 years old and 50 women, mean 21,42 years old); vocal evaluation by means of the RASATI scale with Kappa reliability coefficient; collecting of the maximum phonation time (MPT) of /a,i,u,s,z/, counting of numbers, vital capacity and AAF; calculation of the SPC and CPC; Spearmann test for correlations between variables and binomial test for the proportions of normal, diminished and increased values. Results majority significantly feminine presented SPC and CPC normal, and FAA normal and incresead when compared to the diminished values. Majority significantly masculine presented SPC normal and increased, when compared to the diminished values; normal CPC and no statistically meaningful difference on AAF. There was moderate positive correlation between SPC and CPC for both genders. Conclusion majority significantly of the studied future voice professionals presented SPC and CPC normal with moderate positive correlation between these measurements. Majority significantly feminine obtained normal results AAF when compared increased values and AAF did not have correlation with SPC and CPC. Majority significantly of the group of future voice professionals was women.

Alterações de sistema estomatognático em indivíduos disfônicos

Purpose: verifying the presence of the stomatognathic system changes and its association with gender, profession, allergies report and speech diagnosing the type of dysphonia in dysphonic individuals who sought care in a speech therapy school clinic. Methods: quantitative and retrospective study, through the database. Sample of 69 subjects records of both genders, aged between 19 and 44 years. Data were collected on age, gender, profession, report of allergies, speech therapy diagnosis of the type of dysphonia, respiratory type and data of anthroposcopic evaluation of the stomatognathic system: occlusion, horizontal and transverse bite changes, width and depth of the hard palate, breathing mode and lips, tongue and cheeks tension. Results: 28.99% (n=20) were voice professional; 33.33% (n=23) reported allergies; mixed respiratory type with 75.36% (n=52), followed by the superior with 20.29% (n=14) and diaphragmatic breathing with 4.35% (n=3); type of functional dysphonia (n=42; 66.67%), followed by organofunctional (n=19; 23.54%) and organic (n=8; 11.59%). There were not significances in the stomatognathic system changes associations with types and breathing techniques, types of dysphonia, voice professional and allergies report, there were only significances in female with no vertical bite changes. Conclusion: studied patients were predominantly women; adults; not voice professionals; with functional dysphonia; no history of allergies or stomatognathic system changes; with proper type and mode breathing, with only female association with no vertical bite changes.

Tempos máximos de fonação de idosas com e sem prótese dentária superior

Purpose: to characterize and compare maximum phonation times in elderly women that wear upper dental prosthesis and elderly women with upper natural teeth. Methods: 31 elderly women were divided into an experimental group 19 ladies who wore upper dental prosthesis, average age of 71.21 years and a control group 12 women who did not wear dental prosthesis, mean age of 69.83 years. Maximum phonation time values of fricatives /s/ and /z/ and vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/ were analyzed through the parametric Paired Student’s t-test. Results: the averages for vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/ and fricatives /s/ and /z/ were within the expected ranges in the control group (14.86s; 15.40s; 15.85s; 14.09s and 14.30s, respectively) and below the expected range in the experimental group (10.84s; 10.53s; 10.74s; 10.25s and 10.95s respectively). There was no statistical difference between the elderly women of the two groups for maximum phonation time of the vowels; which was not the case for the fricatives. Conclusion: the group of elderly women with natural teeth reached the longest phonation time for vowels and fricatives that is minimally expected from female adults while the group of elderly women with full upper dental prosthesis had lower values than expected. Contrary to expectations, there was no difference in maximum phonation time values of fricatives when the groups were compared, but the maximum phonation time of all analyzed vowels was lower in the group that wears prosthesis. The results show the influence of wearing dental prosthesis on the results of maximum phonation time of elderly women.