Carla Migliaccio

Virtual colonoscopy in stenosing colorectal cancer

BackgroundBetween 5 and 10% of the patients undergoing a colonoscopy cannot have a complete procedure mainly due to stenosing neoplastic lesion of rectum or distal colon. Nevertheless the elective surgical treatment concerning the stenosis is to be performed after the pre-operative assessment of the colonic segments upstream the cancer.The aim of this study is to illustrate our experience with the Computed Tomographic Colonography (CTC) for the pre-operative assessment of the entire colon in the patients with stenosing colorectal cancers.MethodsFrom January 2005 till March 2009, we observed and treated surgically 43 patients with stenosing colorectal neoplastic lesions. All patients did not tolerate the pre-operative colonoscopy. For this reason they underwent a pre-operative CTC in order to have a complete assessment of the entire colon. All patients underwent a follow-up colonoscopy 3 months after the surgical treatment. The CTC results were compared with both macroscopic examination of the specimen and the follow-up coloscopy.ResultsThe pre-operative CTC showed four synchronous lesions in four patients (9.3% of the cases). The macroscopic examination of the specimen revealed three small sessile polyps (3 - 4 mm in diameter) missed in the pre-operative assessment near the stenosing colorectal cancer. The follow-up colonoscopy showed four additional sessile polyps with a diameter between 3 - 11 mm in three patients.Our experience shows that CTC has a sensitivity of 83,7%.ConclusionIn patients with stenosing colonic lesions, CTC allows to assess the entire colon pre-operatively avoiding the need of an intraoperative colonoscopy. More synchronous lesions are detected and treated at the time of the elective surgery for the stenosing cancer avoiding further surgery later on.

A severe case of hemobilia and biliary fistula following an open urgent cholecystectomy

BackgroundCholecystectomy has been the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstones, but remains the greatest source of post-operative biliary injuries. Laparoscopic approach has been recently preferred because of short hospitalisation and low morbidity but has an higher incidence of biliary leakages and bile duct injuries than open one due to a technical error or misinterpretation of the anatomy. Even open cholecystectomy presents a small number of complications especially if it was performed in urgency. Hemobilia is one of the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from the biliary ducts into the gastrointestinal tract due to trauma, advent of invasive procedures such as percutaneous liver biopsy, transhepatic cholangiography, and biliary drainage.MethodsWe report here a case of massive hemobilia in a 60-year-old man who underwent an urgent open cholecystectomy and a subsequent placement of a transhepatic biliary drainage.ConclusionThe management of these complications enclose endoscopic, percutaneous and surgical therapies. After a diagnosis of biliary fistula, its most important to assess the adequacy of bile drainage to determine a controlled fistula and to avoid bile collection and peritonitis. Transarterial embolization is the first line of intervention to stop hemobilia while surgical intervention should be considered if embolization fails or is contraindicated.

Emergency treatment of complicated incisional hernias: a case study

BackgroundThe emergency treatment of incisional hernias is infrequent but it can be complicated with strangulation or obstruction and in some cases the surgical approach may also include an intestinal resection with the possibility of peritoneal contamination. Our study aims at reporting our experience in the emergency treatment of complicated incisional hernias.MethodsSince January 1999 till July 2008, 89 patients (55 males and 34 females) were treated for complicated incisional hernias in emergency. The patients were divided in two groups: Group I consisting of 33 patients that were treated with prosthesis apposition and Group II, consisting of 56 patients that were treated by performing a direct abdominal wall muscles suture.ResultsAll the patients underwent a 6-month follow up; we noticed 9 recurrences (9/56, 16%) in the patients treated with direct abdominal wall muscles suture and 1 recurrence (1/33, 3%) in the group of patients treated with the prosthesis apposition.ConclusionsAccording to our experience, the emergency treatment of complicated incisional hernias through prosthesis apposition is always feasible and ensures less post-operative complications (16% vs 21,2%) and recurrences (3% vs 16%) compared to the patients treated with direct muscular suture.

Acute appendicitis in the geriatric patient

Background Acute appendicitis in geriatric patients represents the 7– 12% of all acute abdomen cases. Elderly patients with appendicitis more frequently show generalized outwearing pain, with abdominal wall rigidity and distension and appearance of abdominal mass. The difference in the clinical presentation between the young and the aged patient may be due to the elderly persons delay in addressing himself to the doctor, and not to differences in the pathologic process itself. The aim of this trial is to underline, through an analysis of the patients who underwent surgery for suspected acute appendicitis at the Division of General and Emergency Surgery of the University of Perugia, Hospital S. Maria in Terni, the clinical aspects of this pathology in the geriatric patient, in order to stress out the useful elements that may lead us to a early diagnosis and a reduced post operatory mortality.

Preoperative risk estimation for onco-geriatric patients (PREOP) – preoperative assessment of elderly surgical patients

XXI Annual Meeting of The Italian Society of Geriatric Surgery Francesco Sciannameo, Giammario Giustozzi and Beatrice Sensi Publication of this supplement was made possible with support from the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Terni e Narni Meeting abstracts – A single PDF containing all abstracts in this Supplement is available here . http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2318-9-S1info.pdf

Acute pancreatitis in the elderly: our experience.

The aim of the trial is to evaluate etiology, clinical characteristics and treatment of acute pancreatitis in elderly patients.

Laparoscopic adhesiolysis in the elderly patient

Results For 3 (11.1%) of the 27 patients treated with laparoscopy a conversion was necessary because of the adhesions localization in the posterior abdominal wall. The median stay in hospital was 4.7 days for patients who underwent laparoscopy and 14.3 days for patients treated with traditional laparotomy. None of the first groups patients were reoperated on within 30 days of surgery, while 5 patients (3.1%) of the patients who underwent laparotomy needed to be reoperated because of obstruction recurrence by new adhesions.

pT2 report after transanal endoscopic microsurgery excision in elderly patient T1 staged: a case report

Materials and methods We present a case of rectorrhagia in an 83-years old patient. On rectal exploration a little hard lesion was found. A colonoscopy with biopsy was performed to search for synchronous lesions. A virtual colonoscopy and CT total body were performed to stage the patient and integrate the endoscopy and they both were negative. The endoscopy confirmed the lesion (adenocarcinoma G2) and described it as sessile, with a diameter of 22 mm, in the right wall of the middle rectum. A transanal ultrasonography was performed and staged the lesion as T1, N0. The hematological investigations showed lymphocytosis in relation with an anamnestic LLC, tumor markers (CEA, Ca 19.9) were in normal range. Considering stage (T1, N0, M0), age and clinical status, the decision of performing TEM was taken. The cancer was completely removed and sent for histological examination.

Carcinoid and hypocoagulation state in geriatric patients: a rare case

Materials and methods We observed a 79-year-old patient suffering from high blood pressure and Alzheimer, with an history of periodic abdominal pain from almost 2 months and 10 Kg weight loss in the last month. In suspicious of a carcinoid, the patient underwent scintigraphy with In-111 showing the presence of two abnormal focal buildup of the trace compatible with the presence of a productive tissue with somatostatin receptors. Lab exams were normal, except for the serum Chromogranin A (42.0 U/l), the 5 OH indole acetic acid (11.0 mg/24 h) and the urinary VanillylMandelic acid (7.0 mg/24 h). Therefore the patient underwent surgery. The patient had a regular course until the third post-operative day when an acute anemia appeared (GR 2460000, Hb 7.0 g/dl, HCT 22.3%). Therefore we performed an emergency intervention that showed the presence of diffuse bleeding from the parietal and visceral peritoneum with haemorragic filling of the transverse mesocolon. Results The association between carcinoid and hypocoagulative state is rare and their connection is not yet clear.

Presacral myelolipoma in a geriatric patient

Background Presacral tumors are most frequently benign, occasionally malignant with a slow growth. Their incidence is 1:40000 and they are asymptomatic in the 26–50% of cases. When visible symptoms occur, these are related to the dimensions of the tumor, to its location and to the presence of infection. We believe all presacral tumors should undergo a surgical resection, even if the patient is asymptomatic and these are more frequently benign tumors.