Carlos Wallace do Nascimento Moura

Levels and spatial distribution of trace elements in macroalgae species from the Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia, Brazil.

Concentrations of elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) were determined in ten species of macroalgae collected from six sites in the Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil, between May and July of 2010. An optimized microwave-assisted digestion procedure was used to digest the samples. The elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A wide range of metal concentrations were observed between the species analysed. Somewhat higher concentrations of Cd (5.99μg g(-1)), Co (372μg g(-1)), Mn (640μg g(-1)), Ni (17.2μg g(-1)) and Zn (51.4μg g(-1)) were found in the brown macroalgae species Padina spp., whereas elements, such as As (19.7μg g(-1)) and Pb (8.27μg g(-1)), were mainly concentrated in the species Sargassum spp. and Bostrychia montagnei, respectively. Statistical analyses (ANOVA) of the Padina data showed significant inter-site differences for all metals examined except nickel.

Monoraphidium and Ankistrodesmus (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) from Pantanal dos Marimbus, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, Brazil

This study aimed to identify taxa belonging to the genera Monoraphidium and Ankistrodesmus (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) in two wetland areas of Pantanal dos Marimbus (Baiano and Remanso) in the Marimbus-Iraquara Environmental Protection Area, Bahia State, Brazil, and contribute to the knowledge of Chlorophyceae of Bahia State and Brazil. The materials studied, which were of periphytic and metaphytic origin, came from 64 samples collected in April and June 2011. We identified 18 taxa, 13 from Monoraphidium and five from Ankistrodesmus. Eight taxa were additions to the continental microalgae flora of Northeastern Brazil. Two taxa rarely found in Brazil were collected during the study: Monoraphidium dybowskii and M. litorale.

Avaliação do sequestro do óxido nítrico (NO) pelo extrato metanólico da alga Bryothamnion triquetrum (Gmelin) Howe

The excess of nitric oxide (NO) produced by induction of nitric oxide sintase enzyme (iNOS) participates in the development of countless disorders that lead to the loss of homeostasis. The oxidative stress generated by the increase of endogenous production of NO can lead to some effects of induced toxicity, such as fatty per oxidation, nitration of proteins and DNA damages. Compounds that scavenge the NO radical can reduce the toxicity of reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and act in the modulation of inflammatory processes. Works accomplished with the alga species Bryothamnion triquetrum (Gmelin) Howe demonstrated that it presents an antioxidant action, and it is efficient in the scavenging of DPPH radical and in the inhibition of fatty per oxidation, with activity comparable to the ascorbic acid and α-tocoferol. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of NO radical scavenging in vitro for the methanol extract of the alga Bryothamnion triquetrum. The results revealed that the presence of poliphenol in all tested concentrations (1,0; 2,5; 7,5; 10,0 mg/mL) was capable to inhibit the nitrite formation, starting from a solution of sodium nitroprussiate 5 mM whose concentration of 7,5 mg/mL presented the largest inhibition percentage of 46,6%.

Os gêneros Chaetomorpha Kütz. nom. cons. e Rhizoclonium Kütz. (Chlorophyta) do litoral do Estado da Bahia, Brasil

This paper presents a taxonomic study of the genera Chaetomorpha and Rhizoclonium occurring in the littoral of Bahia. The species were defined based on habit, presence or absence of lateral rhizoids, basal cell type, shape and cells dimensions. The presence of crystalline inclusions in cells was also verified. It were identified nine species, seven to the genus Chaetomorpha (C. aerea (Dillwyn) Kutz., C. antennina (Bory) Kutz., C. brachygona Harv., C. clavata Kutz., C. crassa (C. Agardh) Kutz., C. minima Collins & Herv. and C. nodosa Kutz.) and two to the genus Rhizoclonium (R. africanum Kutz. and R. riparium (Roth) Kutz. ex Harv.). Chaetomorpha crassa, C. minima and C. nodosa are new additions to the Northeastern of Brazil and C. aerea, C. clavata and R. africanum are additions to the Bahia. Three crystals types were found: 1. clusters of fine needle-shaped of silica crystals presents in C. aerea, C. antennina, C. brachygona, C. clavata and C. crassa; 2. octahedral of calcium oxalate crystals found in C. antennina and C. clavata and, 3. globular aggregates of cone-shaped calcium carbonate crystals observed in C. clavata. Fertile thallus of C. antennina, C. clavata, C. nodosa, R. africanum and R. riparium are being illustrated for the first time for the Brazilian coast. The vegetative and reproductive structures are described in detail and a comparison with similar species is provided.

Contribuição ao conhecimento de Cosmarium Corda ex Ralfs (Desmidiaceae, Zygnematophyceae) para a Bahia e o Brasil

This study aimed to identify the taxa belonging to the genus Cosmarium present in two Environmental Protection Areas of the coastal plain of the northern Bahia, and contribute to the knowledge of its taxonomic composition and geographic distribution in Bahia State, Brazil. Samples were collected during the Summer (January to March 2007) and Winter (June to August 2007) using plankton net 20 µm size and fixed immediately in Transeau solution. Qualitative analysis and illustrations were conducted with the aid of an optical microscope and digital camera attached. Forty-three taxa were recorded, of these, three species and two varieties are new records for Brazil, and 28 species and three varieties are new records for the State of Bahia.

Micrasterias C. Agardh ex Ralfs (Zygnematophyceae) de duas Áreas de Proteção Ambiental da planície litorânea do norte da Bahia, Brasil

Taxonomical survey of genus Micrasterias C. Agardh ex Ralfs of two Environment Protection Areas (APA Rio Capivara and APA Lagoas de Guarajuba), both located in the Camacari, Bahia State, northeastern Brazil. Ninety-six samples of planktonic and periphytic material studied was collected during the Summer (December 2006 to March 2007) and Winter (May to August 2007), both in lotic and lentic environments. Fourteen taxa were identified, from which M.americana (Ehrenb.) Ralfs var. bahiensis I. B. Oliveira, C. E. M. Bicudo & C. W. N. Moura is described and proposed as new to Science, and 10 constitute pioneer citations for the state of Bahia desmidflora, namely, M. alata G. C. Wall., M. arcuata Bailey var.subpinnatifida West & G. S. West f. subpinnatifida, M. borgei H. Krieg. var. borgei, M. foliacea Bailey ex Ralfs var. foliacea, M. furcata C. Agardh ex Ralfs var. furcata f. furcata, M. laticeps Nordst. var. laticeps, M. laticeps Nordst. var.acuminata H. Krieg., M. mahabuleshwarensis J. Hobson var.ampullacea (W. M. Maskell) Nordst., M. mahabuleshwarensis J. Hobson var. mahabuleshwarensis f. mahabuleshwarensis, M. pinnatifida (Kutz.) Ralfs var. pinnatifida f. pinnatifida, M. radiosa Ralfs var. elegantior (G. S. West) Croasdale, M. rotata (Grev.) Ralfs var. rotata and M. truncata (Corda) Breb. ex Ralfs var. pusilla G. S. West. The best represented species in the study area were M. pinnatifida and M. alata, present in 38.6% and 36.6% of studied samples, respectively. Micrasteriaslaticeps var.acuminata and M.americana var. bahiensis, were the least represented ones, since they occurred just in 2,08% and 1,04% respectively.

New additions of coccoid green algae to the phycoflora of Brazil and the Neotropics

The present study presents 11 new additions of coccoid green algae to the phycoflora of Brazil, including the first record of the genus Westellopsis for the neotropical region. Samples of periphyton and plankton were collected in two areas of the Marimbus Wetlands (the Marimbus do Baiano and Marimbus do Remanso, within the Marimbus-Iraquara Environmentally Protected Area), in the Chapada Diamantina Region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Sample collection occurred during dry periods (April-June and August 2011) and rainy periods (October-December 2011 and February 2012). Here, we describe the taxa identified from the 56 samples collected.

The genus Cladophora (Chlorophyta) in the littoral of Bahia, Brazil

Abstract: In this taxonomic treatment of Cladophora, fourteen species are described and illustrated from the littoral zone of Bahia, Brazil: Cladophora aokii, C. brasiliana, C. catenata, C. coelothrix, C. conferta, C. crispula, C. corallicola, C. dalmatica, C. laetevirens, C. montagneana, C. ordinata, C. prolifera and C. vagabunda. Two species have an extended global distribution: Cladophora aokii (Atlantic) and Cladophora conferta (Brazilian littoral zone), whereas C. brasiliana, C. corallicola and C. laetevirens were distributed as far as the northeast coast of the Brazilian littoral zone. The need to review the representatives cited for C. corallicola in the Brazilian littoral zone is clear, given that this analysis has classified herbarium specimens from Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina as C. aokii. The habit, thallus morphology, branching pattern, origin of rhizoids, presence of annular constrictions, diameter and length of cells were important traits in classifying the studied taxa.

Morphology and taxonomy of Anadyomene species (Cladophorales, Chlorophyta) from Bahia, Brazil

Abstract We made a taxonomic study of representatives of Anadyomene occurring off the coast of Bahia State, Brazil. Six species were identified: A. lacerata, A. linkiana, A. pavonina, A. rhizoidifera, A. saldanhae and A. stellata. This is the first report of A. rhizoidifera since the original description of the species. Non-birefringent proteinaceous crystalline inclusions in the form of tetrahedrons were recorded for the first time in the genus. Fertile thalli of A. saldanhae and A. stellata were also encountered for the first time along the Brazilian coast. A. stellata has the widest distribution along the coast of Bahia State; it was found from the intertidal region to depths of 100 m. A. rhizoidifera occurred in only a single, intertidal collection. A. lacerata, A. linkiana, A. pavonina and A. saldanhae occurred only in the near-shore zone at a minimum depth of 20 m. Detailed descriptions, illustrations and comparisons with related taxa are provided.

Oocystis apicurvata sp. nov. (Oocystaceae, Trebouxiophyceae), a new species of green algae from Chapada Diamantina, northeast Brazil

Oocystis apicurvata sp. nov. (Oocystaceae, Trebouxiophyceae) is a new species of green algae from Chapada Diamantina, northeast Brazil. In this article, we describe a new species of coccoid green algae, Oocystis apicurvata sp. nov. based on material collected from the Marimbus Pantanal, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia State, northeast Brazil. The oppositely curved cell polar thickenings are unique for the species, and its relationships with morphological similar species are discussed.