Carlton George Davis

Linkages between Socioeconomic Characteristics, Food Expenditure Patterns, and Nutritional Status of Low Income Households: A Critical Review

The positive gains made in the development of a national food policy have occurred within the context of intense political debate on a number of policy issues. These issues often involve the amount of expenditures in food assistance programs, willingness to sustain program-associated income transfer benefits, impact of the program on food costs, participation, program abuse, and the magnitude of program impact on food consumption patterns and nutritional status of beneficiaries.

IMPACT OF THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM ON LOW INCOME HOUSEHOLD FOOD CONSUMPTION IN RURAL FLORIDA

One objective of the Food Stamp Program (FSP) is to supplement food expenditures of low income households to enhance the households ability to provide nutritionally adequate diets. A household may consist of any person, or group of persons, who purchase, store and prepare food. Program eligibility is based on net household income, total assets and household size. Eligible households purchase coupons which are used in retail food outlets. Households of equal size receive coupon allotments of equal purchasing value, but the cash purchase requirement varies with net income. Bonus stamps represent the difference between the purchase requirement and the coupon allotment value.

Impact of Food Stamp and Nutrition Education Programs on Food Group Expenditure And Nutrient Intake of Low Income Households

Few researchers have attempted to assess the impact of the Food Stamp Program (FSP) on both food expenditures and nutritional status [1, 3, 6]. Even fewer have evaluated the joint impact of income supplement programs, such as the FSP, and nutrition education programs, such as the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP), on the nutritional status of participating households [4, 10]. The purpose of this article is to (1) identify selected food group and corresponding nutrient intake responses associated with participation in the FSP and EFNEP, (2) simulate the nutritional impact of alternative policy mechanisms with joint FSP and EFNEP participation, and (3) explore policy implications for food and nutrition program planning.

Agricultural Industrialization and Sustainable Development: A Global Perspective

Agricultural industrialization and sustainable development issues are important contemporary areas of debate. This paper argues that the two processes are a consequence of a set of forces operating in our global system. It outlines a number of conceptual interactions between the two phenomena and examines economic development and sustainable development policy implications that appear to be logical extensions of the arguments presented.

Needed Directions in Domestic Food Assistance Policies and Programs

This paper reviews alternatives to existing food assistance policy and discusses specific reforms of the current programs. Particular attention is given to the benefits and limitations of the alternatives and reforms. The emphasis of the paper is forward looking. The first section of this paper briefly discusses the dimensions of hunger and poverty in the United States, providing a needed background. The second section examines several major policy alternatives to the existing programs. The third section reviews specific reforms of the current programs which would address certain problems and issues. The concluding section assesses the prospects for change.

Traditional Graduate Admission Standards as Constraints to Increasing the Supply of Black Professional Agriculturalists: The Florida Experience

HIS PAPER examines traditional graduate admission standards as they might affect the supply of black professionals in agriculture and related areas. The following objectives will be pursued: 1. Review the demand and supply conditions for black agricultural graduates, particularly at the graduate level. 2. Examine black graduate enrollment in the South and traditional Land Grant admission standards. 3. Review the University of Florida experience in black graduate enrollment and its experimental graduate program in agriculture for black Americans. 4. Integrate the Florida experience into a policy framework for positive and affirmative action in the area of increasing the responsiveness of the Land Grant System to the crucial need of advanced training for blacks in the agricultural sciences.

Trade Liberalization and Small Economies: The Case of the Caribbean Community

The Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organization (GATT/WTO) confirm the trend toward a liberal international trade regime. The chief features of the agreement are: (1) reciprocal multilateral-trade arrangements based on the prohibition of nontariff barriers (NTBs) and the progressive reduction of tariffs; (2) market-driven economic imperatives and performance-based results; (3) regional or sub-regional cooperation oriented toward open regionalism; (4) linkage of trade to other areas of liberalization, especially trade-related property issues, investment, finance, and the movement of skilled workers and management; (5) linkages of trade to certain non-economic areas, such as environment and labor standards; and, (6) reinforcement of the predictability and certainty of the trade arrangements through appropriate compliance and enforcement mechanisms.