Carolina Maia Martins Sales

Projeto Aprendendo Saúde na Escola: a experiência de repercussões positivas na qualidade de vida e determinantes da saúde de membros de uma comunidade escolar em Vitória, Espírito Santo

A descriptive study, using a quantitative approach to evaluate the strategies carried through by nurses in a school environment of a Municipal Center of Children Education, through the Project of Extension Learning Health in the School, and still to analyze the profile of the children attended. The research was carried through with a sample of 350 nursing attendances. We verify that in 10 pupils had been found suggestive corporal lesions of family violence/negligence. They were registered educative activities, involving the following subjects: dengue, personal hygiene, parasitosis and the destination of the solid residues. We evidence that 4.6% of the children attended were unfed, and that 6.4% were in nutritional risk, and that 80% of children did not presented an adequate oral hygiene, demonstrated through the presence of caries. In the evaluation of the professors about the performance of the project it was possible to identify stories on the reduction of the episodes of domestic violence against the child. The Project has provided to the action of the Interdisciplinary work favoring the health promotion activities having the school as a space of the Basic Attention, and need to be understood as a motivator nucleus of the participatory performance of the health professionals in the pertaining to school community.A descriptive study, using a quantitative approach to evaluate the strategies carried through by nurses in a school environment of a Municipal Center of Children Education, through the Project of Extension Learning Health in the School, and still to analyze the profile of the children attended. The research was carried through with a sample of 350 nursing attendances. We verify that in 10 pupils had been found suggestive corporal lesions of family violence/negligence. They were registered educative activities, involving the following subjects: dengue, personal hygiene, parasitosis and the destination of the solid residues. We evidence that 4.6% of the children attended were unfed, and that 6.4% were in nutritional risk, and that 80% of children did not presented an adequate oral hygiene, demonstrated through the presence of caries. In the evaluation of the professors about the performance of the project it was possible to identify stories on the reduction of the episodes of domestic violence against the child. The Project has provided to the action of the Interdisciplinary work favoring the health promotion activities having the school as a space of the Basic Attention, and need to be understood as a motivator nucleus of the participatory performance of the health professionals in the pertaining to school community.

Spatial analysis on childhood tuberculosis in the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, 2000 to 2007

INTRODUCTION Childhood tuberculosis is responsible for 15% of case notifications. The focus of Tuberculosis Control National Program is on identifying tuberculosis in adults, while leaving children under 15 years of age on the margins of studies, diagnoses and treatment. Spatial analysis quantifies the exposition to the illness and displays the main causes relating to geographical space. The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of childhood tuberculosis in Espírito Santo, between 2000 and 2007, according to the municipality of notification METHODS An ecological study was conducted on 515 cases of childhood tuberculosis that occurred between 2000 and 2007. The Local Empirical Bayesian Method was used to measure the risk. The Moran Local Index was calculated in order to evaluate autocorrelations between threshold districts RESULTS High incidence rates were found in the Metropolitan Region of Vitória and the northeastern region, and lower rates were found in the southeastern region. Similar data were observed in a study on endemic tuberculosis among adults in Espírito Santo. This is possibly related to contacts within the home CONCLUSIONS This study identified possible areas of recent transmission of the disease. It is important to emphasize that knowledge of the high priority areas for tuberculosis control may help public administrators to diminish healthcare iniquities and enable improvement of resources and teams for controlling childhood tuberculosis.

Spatial analysis of distribution of dengue cases in Espírito Santo, Brazil, in 2010: use of Bayesian model

OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between the risk of dengue and sociodemographic variables through the use of spatial regression models fully Bayesian in the municipalities of Espírito Santo in 2010. METHOD This is an ecological study and exploration that used spatial analysis tools in preparing thematic maps with data obtained from SinanNet. An analysis by area, taking as unit the municipalities of the state, was performed. Thematic maps were constructed by the computer program R 2.15.00 and Deviance Information Criterion (DIC), calculated in WinBugs, Absolut and Normalized Mean Error (NMAE) were the criteria used to compare the models. RESULTS We were able to geocode 21,933 dengue cases (rate of 623.99 cases per 100 thousand habitants) with a higher incidence in the municipalities of Vitória, Serra and Colatina; model with spatial effect with the covariates trash and income showed the best performance at DIC and Nmae criteria. CONCLUSION It was possible to identify the relationship of dengue with factors outside the health sector and to identify areas with higher risk of disease.

A vigilância epidemiológica da tuberculose no Brasil: como é possível avançar mais?

In the year that the Report published by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that tuberculosis (TB) is the most fatal infectious disease in the planet, overcoming aids for the first time, it is necessary to re-think TB prevention and control strategies. Estimative shows that this disease killed 1.5 million people in 2014, against 1.2 million victims of the HIV.

Social determinants of tuberculosis via a zero-inflated model in small areas of a city in Southeastern Brazil

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to analyze social factors involved in the spatial distribution and under-reporting of tuberculosis (TB) in the city of Vitória, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. METHODS This was an ecological study of the reported cases of TB between 2009 and 2011, according to census tracts. The outcome was TB incidence for the study period and the variables of exposure were proportions of literacy, inhabitants with an income of up to half the minimum monthly wage (MMW), and inhabitants associated with sewer mains or with access to safe drinking water. We used a zero-inflated process, zero-inflated negative binomial regression (ZINB), and selected an explanatory model based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). RESULTS A total of 588 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Vitória during the study period, distributed among 223 census tracts (38.6%), with 354 (61.4%) tracts presenting zero cases. In the ZINB model, the mean value of p i was 0.93, indicating that there is a 93% chance that an observed false zero could be due to sub-notification. CONCLUSIONS It is important to prioritize areas exhibiting determinants that influence the occurrence of TB in the municipality of Vitória. The zero-inflated model can be useful to the public health sector since it identifies the percentage of false zeros, generating an estimate of the real epidemiological condition of TB in Vitória.