Carolina Maria de Lima Carvalho

Burden and modifications in life from the perspective of caregivers for patients after stroke

OBJECTIVEnto analyze the impact that caring has on a member of the family caring for a patient after a cerebrovascular accident, correlating life modifications and mental suffering with the perceived burden.nnnMETHODna cross-sectional, quantitative study, undertaken in January-April 2010 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.nnnRESULTn61 individuals were investigated, monitored by three hospitals Home Care Program. Data collection was through interviews for identifying life changes, and through the application of three scales for investigating perceived burden, mental state and mental suffering. Respectively these were the Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Self Reported Questionnaire (SRQ). The majority of the carers were female, married, and the children of the stroke patients. The average age was 48.2 years (±12.4). The most-cited life modifications referred to the daily routine, to leisure activities, and to exhaustion or tiredness. Regarding burden, the dimensions of General tension, Isolation and Disappointment stood out. It was ascertained that overload was more severe when the carer presented more symptoms of psychological distress, in the absence of a secondary carer, and when the principal carers reported perceiving changes in their bodies and health.nnnCONCLUSIONnan association between burden and the carers mental state was not observed. Understanding the care, through analysis of the burden and of the knowledge of the biopsychosocial situation will provide support for the nurses work in reducing the overload for family caregivers.OBJECTIVE: to analyze the impact that caring has on a member of the family caring for a patient after a cerebrovascular accident, correlating life modifications and mental suffering with the perceived burden. METHOD: a cross-sectional, quantitative study, undertaken in January-April 2010 in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. RESULT: 61 individuals were investigated, monitored by three hospitals Home Care Program. Data collection was through interviews for identifying life changes, and through the application of three scales for investigating perceived burden, mental state and mental suffering. Respectively these were the Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Self Reported Questionnaire (SRQ). The majority of the carers were female, married, and the children of the stroke patients. The average age was 48.2 years (±12.4). The most-cited life modifications referred to the daily routine, to leisure activities, and to exhaustion or tiredness. Regarding burden, the dimensions of General tension, Isolation and Disappointment stood out. It was ascertained that overload was more severe when the carer presented more symptoms of psychological distress, in the absence of a secondary carer, and when the principal carers reported perceiving changes in their bodies and health. CONCLUSION: an association between burden and the carers mental state was not observed. Understanding the care, through analysis of the burden and of the knowledge of the biopsychosocial situation will provide support for the nurses work in reducing the overload for family caregivers.

Depressão pós-parto em puérperas: conhecendo interações entre mãe, filho e família

OBJETIVO: Conhecer a interacao de puerperas, que apresentam depressao pos-parto, com seus filhos e compreender a percepcao de familiares sobre a doenca e cuidados maternos prestados por essas puerperas. METODOS: Estudo qualitativo de carater exploratorio que teve como sujeitos do estudo quatro puerperas com depressao pos-parto, acompanhadas em um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial do municipio de Quixada - CE e quatro familiares. Foram realizadas visitas domiciliarias para a execucao de entrevistas em profundidade. Os dados foram analisados conforme a tecnica de analise de conteudo proposta por Morse e Field. RESULTADOS: As principais alteracoes emocionais relatadas foram o choro facil e nervosismo. As puerperas sentiam-se frustradas e/ou inseguras quanto ao exercicio da maternidade. Como agravante foi observado que familiares desconheciam o problema da depressao pos-parto. CONCLUSAO: O cuidado de enfermagem nessa situacao deve comecar no pre-natal com avaliacao da auto-estima, da rede de suporte social e da satisfacao das futuras maes.ABSTRACTObjectives: To study the interaction of puerperal women who have postpartum depression and to understand the perception of familyabout the disease and maternal care provided by these mothers. Methods: This is an exploratory and qualitative study which had as a subjectof study four puerperal women (with postpartum depression, being followed at the Psychosocial Care Center in the municipality ofQuixada, state of Ceara) and four relatives. Home visits were made to carry out the interviews. The data were analyzed according to thecontent analysis technique proposed by Morse and Field. Results: The main changes reported were emotional easy-tears and nervousness.The puerperal women were frustrated and/or lacking confidence in the exercise of motherhood. To make matters worse it was obser ved thatthe families were unaware of the postpartum depression problem. Conclusion: Nursing care in this situation should begin assessing theprenatal self-esteem, the received social support from the network and the mother satisfaction.

Sobrecarga e modificações de vida na perspectiva dos cuidadores de pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral

OBJECTIVEnto analyze the impact that caring has on a member of the family caring for a patient after a cerebrovascular accident, correlating life modifications and mental suffering with the perceived burden.nnnMETHODna cross-sectional, quantitative study, undertaken in January-April 2010 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.nnnRESULTn61 individuals were investigated, monitored by three hospitals Home Care Program. Data collection was through interviews for identifying life changes, and through the application of three scales for investigating perceived burden, mental state and mental suffering. Respectively these were the Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Self Reported Questionnaire (SRQ). The majority of the carers were female, married, and the children of the stroke patients. The average age was 48.2 years (±12.4). The most-cited life modifications referred to the daily routine, to leisure activities, and to exhaustion or tiredness. Regarding burden, the dimensions of General tension, Isolation and Disappointment stood out. It was ascertained that overload was more severe when the carer presented more symptoms of psychological distress, in the absence of a secondary carer, and when the principal carers reported perceiving changes in their bodies and health.nnnCONCLUSIONnan association between burden and the carers mental state was not observed. Understanding the care, through analysis of the burden and of the knowledge of the biopsychosocial situation will provide support for the nurses work in reducing the overload for family caregivers.OBJECTIVE: to analyze the impact that caring has on a member of the family caring for a patient after a cerebrovascular accident, correlating life modifications and mental suffering with the perceived burden. METHOD: a cross-sectional, quantitative study, undertaken in January-April 2010 in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. RESULT: 61 individuals were investigated, monitored by three hospitals Home Care Program. Data collection was through interviews for identifying life changes, and through the application of three scales for investigating perceived burden, mental state and mental suffering. Respectively these were the Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Self Reported Questionnaire (SRQ). The majority of the carers were female, married, and the children of the stroke patients. The average age was 48.2 years (±12.4). The most-cited life modifications referred to the daily routine, to leisure activities, and to exhaustion or tiredness. Regarding burden, the dimensions of General tension, Isolation and Disappointment stood out. It was ascertained that overload was more severe when the carer presented more symptoms of psychological distress, in the absence of a secondary carer, and when the principal carers reported perceiving changes in their bodies and health. CONCLUSION: an association between burden and the carers mental state was not observed. Understanding the care, through analysis of the burden and of the knowledge of the biopsychosocial situation will provide support for the nurses work in reducing the overload for family caregivers.

Hope in HIV-positive women

The objective of this study was to assess the hope in the lives of HIV-positive women, using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). Participants were 111 HIV-positive women who attended a referral outpatient clinic in Fortaleza-CE. From January to May 2009, interviews were held to collect biopsychosocial variables, and the HHS was applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS-8.0 and revealed an average hope index of 34.86, indicating that these women have little hope in life in view of their diagnosis of HIV. The scale item with the highest score was faith. This probably derives from the fact that Aids is incurable, transmissible and generates negative stigma, in addition to its relation with the idea of imminent death. In conclusion, measuring hope among HIV patients through the use of an instrument permits intervention assessment and planning, promoting assistance and motivation to live better and maintain a hopeful attitude.The objective of this study was to assess the hope in the lives of HIV-positive women, using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). Participants were 111 HIV-positive women who attended a referral outpatient clinic in Fortaleza-CE. From January to May 2009, interviews were held to collect biopsychosocial variables, and the HHS was applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS-8.0 and revealed an average hope index of 34.86, indicating that these women have little hope in life in view of their diagnosis of HIV. The scale item with the highest score was faith. This probably derives from the fact that Aids is incurable, transmissible and generates negative stigma, in addition to its relation with the idea of imminent death. In conclusion, measuring hope among HIV patients through the use of an instrument permits intervention assessment and planning, promoting assistance and motivation to live better and maintain a hopeful attitude.

Postpartum depression in puerperal women: knowing the interactions among mother, son and family

OBJETIVO: Conhecer a interacao de puerperas, que apresentam depressao pos-parto, com seus filhos e compreender a percepcao de familiares sobre a doenca e cuidados maternos prestados por essas puerperas. METODOS: Estudo qualitativo de carater exploratorio que teve como sujeitos do estudo quatro puerperas com depressao pos-parto, acompanhadas em um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial do municipio de Quixada - CE e quatro familiares. Foram realizadas visitas domiciliarias para a execucao de entrevistas em profundidade. Os dados foram analisados conforme a tecnica de analise de conteudo proposta por Morse e Field. RESULTADOS: As principais alteracoes emocionais relatadas foram o choro facil e nervosismo. As puerperas sentiam-se frustradas e/ou inseguras quanto ao exercicio da maternidade. Como agravante foi observado que familiares desconheciam o problema da depressao pos-parto. CONCLUSAO: O cuidado de enfermagem nessa situacao deve comecar no pre-natal com avaliacao da auto-estima, da rede de suporte social e da satisfacao das futuras maes.ABSTRACTObjectives: To study the interaction of puerperal women who have postpartum depression and to understand the perception of familyabout the disease and maternal care provided by these mothers. Methods: This is an exploratory and qualitative study which had as a subjectof study four puerperal women (with postpartum depression, being followed at the Psychosocial Care Center in the municipality ofQuixada, state of Ceara) and four relatives. Home visits were made to carry out the interviews. The data were analyzed according to thecontent analysis technique proposed by Morse and Field. Results: The main changes reported were emotional easy-tears and nervousness.The puerperal women were frustrated and/or lacking confidence in the exercise of motherhood. To make matters worse it was obser ved thatthe families were unaware of the postpartum depression problem. Conclusion: Nursing care in this situation should begin assessing theprenatal self-esteem, the received social support from the network and the mother satisfaction.

Esperança em mulheres portadoras da infecção pelo HIV

The objective of this study was to assess the hope in the lives of HIV-positive women, using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). Participants were 111 HIV-positive women who attended a referral outpatient clinic in Fortaleza-CE. From January to May 2009, interviews were held to collect biopsychosocial variables, and the HHS was applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS-8.0 and revealed an average hope index of 34.86, indicating that these women have little hope in life in view of their diagnosis of HIV. The scale item with the highest score was faith. This probably derives from the fact that Aids is incurable, transmissible and generates negative stigma, in addition to its relation with the idea of imminent death. In conclusion, measuring hope among HIV patients through the use of an instrument permits intervention assessment and planning, promoting assistance and motivation to live better and maintain a hopeful attitude.The objective of this study was to assess the hope in the lives of HIV-positive women, using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). Participants were 111 HIV-positive women who attended a referral outpatient clinic in Fortaleza-CE. From January to May 2009, interviews were held to collect biopsychosocial variables, and the HHS was applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS-8.0 and revealed an average hope index of 34.86, indicating that these women have little hope in life in view of their diagnosis of HIV. The scale item with the highest score was faith. This probably derives from the fact that Aids is incurable, transmissible and generates negative stigma, in addition to its relation with the idea of imminent death. In conclusion, measuring hope among HIV patients through the use of an instrument permits intervention assessment and planning, promoting assistance and motivation to live better and maintain a hopeful attitude.

Esperanza en mujeres portadoras de infección por HIV

The objective of this study was to assess the hope in the lives of HIV-positive women, using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). Participants were 111 HIV-positive women who attended a referral outpatient clinic in Fortaleza-CE. From January to May 2009, interviews were held to collect biopsychosocial variables, and the HHS was applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS-8.0 and revealed an average hope index of 34.86, indicating that these women have little hope in life in view of their diagnosis of HIV. The scale item with the highest score was faith. This probably derives from the fact that Aids is incurable, transmissible and generates negative stigma, in addition to its relation with the idea of imminent death. In conclusion, measuring hope among HIV patients through the use of an instrument permits intervention assessment and planning, promoting assistance and motivation to live better and maintain a hopeful attitude.The objective of this study was to assess the hope in the lives of HIV-positive women, using the Herth Hope Scale (HHS). Participants were 111 HIV-positive women who attended a referral outpatient clinic in Fortaleza-CE. From January to May 2009, interviews were held to collect biopsychosocial variables, and the HHS was applied. Data were analyzed using SPSS-8.0 and revealed an average hope index of 34.86, indicating that these women have little hope in life in view of their diagnosis of HIV. The scale item with the highest score was faith. This probably derives from the fact that Aids is incurable, transmissible and generates negative stigma, in addition to its relation with the idea of imminent death. In conclusion, measuring hope among HIV patients through the use of an instrument permits intervention assessment and planning, promoting assistance and motivation to live better and maintain a hopeful attitude.

O relacionamento terapêutico no cuidado dispensado a um esquizofrênico: narrativas de um diário de campo - doi:10.5020/18061230.2007.p116

The schizophrenia is a chronic psychosis with serious social and functional consequences, demanding multiples ways of care in its treatment. This research aimed at describing the evolution of a patient taken ill with paranoid schizophrenia, by means of the adoption of the Therapeutic Relationship process, as a modality of nursing psychiatric care, registered in a field diary as narratives of life experiences, during ten meeting days in one psychiatric service of Fortaleza. It was perceived that the application of the Therapeutic Relationship, gradually, enabled to the studied client the confrontation of personal conflicts (complicated family dynamics, rejection and depression) and the satisfaction of basic needs such as the communication and group interaction. Therein, the Therapeutic Relationship is considered a primordial care technique in the reintegration and reorganization of the schizophrenic client, as well as in the search of a better quality of life.

Depresión posparto en puérperas: conociendo interacciones entre madre, hijo y familia

OBJETIVO: Conhecer a interacao de puerperas, que apresentam depressao pos-parto, com seus filhos e compreender a percepcao de familiares sobre a doenca e cuidados maternos prestados por essas puerperas. METODOS: Estudo qualitativo de carater exploratorio que teve como sujeitos do estudo quatro puerperas com depressao pos-parto, acompanhadas em um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial do municipio de Quixada - CE e quatro familiares. Foram realizadas visitas domiciliarias para a execucao de entrevistas em profundidade. Os dados foram analisados conforme a tecnica de analise de conteudo proposta por Morse e Field. RESULTADOS: As principais alteracoes emocionais relatadas foram o choro facil e nervosismo. As puerperas sentiam-se frustradas e/ou inseguras quanto ao exercicio da maternidade. Como agravante foi observado que familiares desconheciam o problema da depressao pos-parto. CONCLUSAO: O cuidado de enfermagem nessa situacao deve comecar no pre-natal com avaliacao da auto-estima, da rede de suporte social e da satisfacao das futuras maes.ABSTRACTObjectives: To study the interaction of puerperal women who have postpartum depression and to understand the perception of familyabout the disease and maternal care provided by these mothers. Methods: This is an exploratory and qualitative study which had as a subjectof study four puerperal women (with postpartum depression, being followed at the Psychosocial Care Center in the municipality ofQuixada, state of Ceara) and four relatives. Home visits were made to carry out the interviews. The data were analyzed according to thecontent analysis technique proposed by Morse and Field. Results: The main changes reported were emotional easy-tears and nervousness.The puerperal women were frustrated and/or lacking confidence in the exercise of motherhood. To make matters worse it was obser ved thatthe families were unaware of the postpartum depression problem. Conclusion: Nursing care in this situation should begin assessing theprenatal self-esteem, the received social support from the network and the mother satisfaction.