Cássio Miranda Meira Junior

Efeito da frequência de feedback concorrente na aprendizagem de uma habilidade seriada

Esse estudo investigou o efeito de diferentes frequencias de feedback concorrente (FC) na eficiencia, aquisicao e transferencia de uma tarefa de rastreamento serial. Quarenta e tres adultos jovens de ambos os sexos foram divididos em tres grupos: frequencia de 100% (G100), 50% (G50) e 0% (G0). Eles praticaram uma tarefa de rastrear e tocar seis sensores em resposta ao acendimento sequencial de seis estimulos luminosos. O desempenho foi medido pelo numero de blocos de tentativas necessario para reconhecer a sequencia, e pelo total de sequencias corretas e/ou antecipadas. Analise de variância mostrou que o G0 precisou de menos blocos que o G100 para o alcance do criterio de aquisicao. Embora nao tenha havido efeito das diferentes frequencias de FC no numero de respostas corretas e antecipadas, observou-se que executar a tarefa com alta frequencia de FC retardou a aquisicao da habilidade.

Extroversão, prática mental e perspectivas de mentalização na aquisição da estrela da ginástica artística

O presente trabalho teve como objetivos (1) investigar os efeitos da pratica fisica (PF) associada a pratica mental (PM) com mentalizacao interna (MI) e externa (ME) na aprendizagem da habilidade “estrela” da ginastica artistica e (2) correlacionar escores de extroversao e de desempenho na tarefa. Trinta adolescentes (12,93 ± 0,73 anos) foram designadas a dois grupos: 1) PF seguida de PM com ME (n=15) e 2) PF seguida de PM com MI (n=15). O delineamento constou de pre-teste, aquisicao, pos-teste, retencao e transferencia (todas as fases foram fi lmadas, exceto a aquisicao). Os registros em video foram analisados por meio de uma lista de checagem da estrela. O Eysenck Personality Questionnaire foi utilizado para classifi car as participantes quanto a niveis de extroversao. As analises apontaram que houve melhora de desempenho dentro de cada grupo (do pre-teste para os outros testes), mas que em nenhuma das fases houve qualquer diferenca signifi cativa entre os grupos. No entanto, uma correlacao positiva e moderada foi detectada entre os escores de extroversao e de desempenho no grupo ME. Esses achados reforcam a importância da PM como estrategia complementar a PF e sinalizam a existencia de relacao entre extroversao, desempenho da estrela e perspectiva de mentalizacao.

Frecuencia y necesidad de feedback en el proceso adaptativo de aprendizaje de una tarea motora dual

This work investigated the effects of frequency and precision of feedback on the learning of a dual-motor task. One hundred and twenty adults were randomly assigned to six groups of different knowledge of results (KR), frequency (100%, 66% or 33%) and precision (specific or general) levels. In the stabilization phase, participants performed the dual task (combination of linear positioning and manual force control) with the provision of KR. Ten non-KR adaptation trials were performed for the same task, but with the introduction of an electromagnetic opposite traction force. The analysis showed a significant main effect for frequency of KR. The participants who received KR in 66% of the stabilization trials showed superior adaptation performance than those who received 100% or 33%. This finding reinforces that there is an optimal level of information, neither too high nor too low, for motor learning to be effective.

Frequência e precisão de "feedback" e o processo adaptativo de aprendizagem de uma tarefa motora de dupla demanda

This work investigated the effects of frequency and precision of feedback on the learning of a dual-motor task. One hundred and twenty adults were randomly assigned to six groups of different knowledge of results (KR), frequency (100%, 66% or 33%) and precision (specific or general) levels. In the stabilization phase, participants performed the dual task (combination of linear positioning and manual force control) with the provision of KR. Ten non-KR adaptation trials were performed for the same task, but with the introduction of an electromagnetic opposite traction force. The analysis showed a significant main effect for frequency of KR. The participants who received KR in 66% of the stabilization trials showed superior adaptation performance than those who received 100% or 33%. This finding reinforces that there is an optimal level of information, neither too high nor too low, for motor learning to be effective.

Olhares distintos sobre a noção de estabilidade e mudança no desempenho da coordenação motora grossa

Studies about gross motor coordination in children (GMC) focus on the description of normative values derived from age and sex, and few analyzed the dynamics of change of each child within its group. The goal of the present study is estimate the stability of intra-individual change over inter-individual differences over eighteen months. One hundred and twenty students with seven years old in the city of Muzambinho - MG participated in the study. Data was collected four times, with a six-month interval between each assessment. GMC was evaluated through KTK test battery. Mean values for all tests increased over time, with differences between sex for equilibrium test. The correlation values between initial performance and improvements over eighteen months indicated high heterogeneity. Results of stability estimates were weak for tests. These results were discussed about different trajectories in the development of motor coordination.

Distinct views on the notion of stability and change in the performance of gross motor coordination

Studies about gross motor coordination in children (GMC) focus on the description of normative values derived from age and sex, and few analyzed the dynamics of change of each child within its group. The goal of the present study is estimate the stability of intra-individual change over inter-individual differences over eighteen months. One hundred and twenty students with seven years old in the city of Muzambinho - MG participated in the study. Data was collected four times, with a six-month interval between each assessment. GMC was evaluated through KTK test battery. Mean values for all tests increased over time, with differences between sex for equilibrium test. The correlation values between initial performance and improvements over eighteen months indicated high heterogeneity. Results of stability estimates were weak for tests. These results were discussed about different trajectories in the development of motor coordination.

Ángulos diferentes sobre el concepto de estabilidad y cambio en el rendimiento de la coordinación motora gruesa

Studies about gross motor coordination in children (GMC) focus on the description of normative values derived from age and sex, and few analyzed the dynamics of change of each child within its group. The goal of the present study is estimate the stability of intra-individual change over inter-individual differences over eighteen months. One hundred and twenty students with seven years old in the city of Muzambinho - MG participated in the study. Data was collected four times, with a six-month interval between each assessment. GMC was evaluated through KTK test battery. Mean values for all tests increased over time, with differences between sex for equilibrium test. The correlation values between initial performance and improvements over eighteen months indicated high heterogeneity. Results of stability estimates were weak for tests. These results were discussed about different trajectories in the development of motor coordination.