Cathy Cantwell

Circle of Protest: Political Ritual in the Tibetan Uprising.

Introduction Inventing Political Ritual The Anti-Splittist Campaign Monastic Militancy and Popular Resistance A Battle of Ideas Martial Law and After The Dilemmas of Chinese Policy Conclusion: The Dilemmas of Tibetan Nationalism.

Buddhism: The Basics

Introduction. The Buddha and the Roots of the Buddhist Tradition. The Dharma. The Textual Heritage and Oral Transmission. The Sangha. The Major Buddhist Traditions. Glossary of Technical Terms.

A Dunhuang Phurpa Consecration Rite: IOL Tib J 331.III's Consecrations Section

IOL Tib J 331 is a complete and well-preserved manuscript of three texts. The Dunhuang Phurpa text considered in this chapter is the third and final text of the trio, while the first two are essentially discussions of tantric sadhana practice, with specific relation to Vajrasattva. Its brief opening section begins with the classic justification for the Phurpa practice: the necessity to subdue the extremely ferocious, who cannot be subdued by peaceful means. Having outlined the materials and features of the phurpa in the section on its form, the chapter presents the discussion of a three kaya consecration. The dharmakaya consecration is only briefly referred to, consisting of a meditation on emptiness. The sambhogakaya consecration concerns deities of the five families in union with their consorts, arising from the seed syllable, hum . The nirmanakaya consecration focuses on the deified phurpa itself. Keywords: Dunhuang Phurpa text; IOL Tib J 331; kaya consecration