Cátia Fernandes Leite

EFEITOS DO EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO EM MARCADORES IMUNOLÓGICOS DE PESSOAS COM HIV/AIDS: ESTUDO DE REVISÃO

Introduction: The main characteristics presented by HIV infection are immunosuppression and a decline in the T CD4+ lymphocytes concentration. Among the possibilities for immunological improvement of individuals with HIV/AIDS are the use of antiretroviral drugs and physical exercise. Objective: To review the literature regarding the effects of exercise on concentrations of immune cell subpopulations in patients with HIV/AIDS with or without the use of antiretrovirals. Methods: Searches were performed in the PubMed and Scielo databases, CAPES and Research Gates from October 2009 to June 2010. The studies were selected for reading and analysis of titles, abstracts and full papers. Results: Five papers were included for critical analysis of content, of which three have demonstrated immunological changes associated with physical training programs in patients with HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: The prescription of exercise targeted to people with HIV/AIDS is beneficial because it enables improvements in components of physical fitness and changes in several markers of immune function in patients with HIV/AIDS, however, without causing damage and injuries in the disease progression. DESCRIPTORS: HIV antibodies. Exercise. Anti-retroviral agents. Immunology. Conditioning.

Efeitos da suplementação carboidratada e de diferentes tipos de treinamento físico sobre as concentrações de células sanguíneas

INTRODUCTION: The participation of athletes in sessions of intense and prolonged exercise can lower the number and functional capacity of circulating leukocytes. On the other hand, the intake of a carbohydrate solution can attenuated the immunosuppressive effects of exercise. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercises, and carbohydrate supplementation on blood concentrations of total and differential counts leukocytes, hemoglobin and serum glucose in Wistar rats. METHODS: 69 Male Wistar rats (60 days) were divided into six groups: sedentary non-supplemented (n = 12) and supplemented (n = 12); trained in Maximum Lactate Steady State (EEML) not supplemented (n = 11) and supplemented (n = 11) trained at high intensity non-supplemented (n = 12) and supplemented (n = 11). The training protocol consisted of eight weeks of continuous swimming pattern EEML (60min.day-1) or intermittent (two periods of 30 minutes, for exercise with 10 minutes rest), with overloads corresponding to 5% and 10% of body weight, respectively. For 37 days the animals were supplemented with a daily dose of 0.48 g.kg-1 maltodextrin dissolved in water or pure water. RESULTS: There was no effect of carbohydrate supplementation and the two types of training on blood concentrations of leukocytes. The anaerobic exercise (p = 0.04) and the use of maltodextrin (p = 0.003) resulted in increases in blood hemoglobin concentrations, while aerobic exercise caused an increase in the concentration of serum glucose (p < 0.02). CONCLUSION: The different types of exercises were not involved with leukopenia, anemia, or hypoglycemia that could lead to early muscle fatigue and decreased performance.

Efeitos do treinamento moderado contínuo sobre parâmetros imunológico e metabólico de ratos suplementados com maltodextrina

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of continuous moderate exercise on the differential and total count leukocyte, serum glucose concentration and lipid levels of rats supplemented and not supplemented with carbohydrate solution. To this purpose, thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary non-supplemented (n = 10) and supplemented (n = 8), trained in continuous moderate aerobic exercise non-supplemented (n = 9) and supplemented (n = 8). The training of continuous swimming was developed during six week with 3% body weight overload. For five days the animals were supplemented with 0.48 g.kg-1 maltodextrin daily dose dissolved in water or pure water. Moderate exercise caused a significant decrease in blood glucose (p < 0.001) and in the number of blood lymphocytes (p < 0.01). Additionally, the maltodextrin significantly increased the number of lymphocytes of trained animals (p < 0.03). There was no effect of training and maltodextrin on the lipid profile. The results allowed to conclude that with six weeks of training it was possible to cause a drop in the number of lymphocytes and in the concentration of serum glucose, but with five days of supplementation the decline in the lymphocyte count was attenuated without, however, cause elevations in the lipid profile.

Lipids and glucose levels of trained rats in aerobic or anaerobic conditions and supplemented with maltodextrin

El objetivo fue comprobar los cambios en los lipidos y los niveles de glucosa de las ratas entrenadas complementados con maltodextrina. MATERIAL Y METODOS: El protocolo consistio en 8 semanas de patron de natacion continua (60min.dia-1) o intermitente (2 periodos de 30 min, con un intervalo de 10 min), con sobrecargas que corresponden al 5% y el 10% del peso corporal. Durante 37 dias los animales fueron suplementados con una dosis diaria de 0,48 g.kg-1 maltodextrina disuelta en agua o agua pura. RESULTADOS: El ejercicio aerobico provoco un aumento significativo en los niveles de glucosa en la sangre. Los ejercicios y la maltodextrina no causo cambios en el perfil lipidico. CONCLUSIONES: El ejercicio aerobico dio lugar en los niveles de glucosa en la sangre, sin causar hipoglucemia.

PERFIL LIPÍDICO E GLICÊMICO DE RATOS TREINADOS EM EXERCÍCIO AERÓBIO OU ANAERÓBIO E SUPLEMENTADOS COM MALTODEXTRINA

El objetivo fue comprobar los cambios en los lipidos y los niveles de glucosa de las ratas entrenadas complementados con maltodextrina. MATERIAL Y METODOS: El protocolo consistio en 8 semanas de patron de natacion continua (60min.dia-1) o intermitente (2 periodos de 30 min, con un intervalo de 10 min), con sobrecargas que corresponden al 5% y el 10% del peso corporal. Durante 37 dias los animales fueron suplementados con una dosis diaria de 0,48 g.kg-1 maltodextrina disuelta en agua o agua pura. RESULTADOS: El ejercicio aerobico provoco un aumento significativo en los niveles de glucosa en la sangre. Los ejercicios y la maltodextrina no causo cambios en el perfil lipidico. CONCLUSIONES: El ejercicio aerobico dio lugar en los niveles de glucosa en la sangre, sin causar hipoglucemia.

Los lípidos y los niveles de glucosa de las ratas entrenadas en condiciones aeróbicas o anaeróbicas y se complementa con maltodextrina

El objetivo fue comprobar los cambios en los lipidos y los niveles de glucosa de las ratas entrenadas complementados con maltodextrina. MATERIAL Y METODOS: El protocolo consistio en 8 semanas de patron de natacion continua (60min.dia-1) o intermitente (2 periodos de 30 min, con un intervalo de 10 min), con sobrecargas que corresponden al 5% y el 10% del peso corporal. Durante 37 dias los animales fueron suplementados con una dosis diaria de 0,48 g.kg-1 maltodextrina disuelta en agua o agua pura. RESULTADOS: El ejercicio aerobico provoco un aumento significativo en los niveles de glucosa en la sangre. Los ejercicios y la maltodextrina no causo cambios en el perfil lipidico. CONCLUSIONES: El ejercicio aerobico dio lugar en los niveles de glucosa en la sangre, sin causar hipoglucemia.