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Dive into the research topics where Cecilia Dorado is active.

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Featured researches published by Cecilia Dorado.


International Journal of Obesity | 2004

Regular participation in sports is associated with enhanced physical fitness and lower fat mass in prepubertal boys

Ignacio Ara; G Vicente-Rodriguez; J Jimenez-Ramirez; Cecilia Dorado; Jose A. Serrano-Sanchez; Jose A. L. Calbet

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of physical activity on whole body fat (BF), its regional deposition and the influence of body fatness on physical performance in prepubertal children.DESSIGN: Cross-sectional study.SUBJECTS: A total of 114 boys (9.4±1.5 y, Tanner I–II), randomly sampled from the population of Gran Canaria (Spain), 63 of them physically active (PA, at least 3 h per week during the previous year) and 51 nonphysically active (non-PA).MEASUREMENTS: Body composition (DXA), anthropometric variables (body circumferences and skinfolds) and physical fitness were determined in all subjects.RESULTS: The PA obtained better results in maximal oxygen uptake, isometric leg extension force, vertical jump (muscular power), and 300 m (anaerobic capacity) and 30 m running tests (speed) than the non-PA. A lower percentage of body fat (% BF) (4 U less, P<0.05), whole BF mass (36% less, P<0.05) and regional fat mass (28, 25, and 30% less in the trunk, legs and arms, respectively, all P<0.05) was observed in the PA compared to the non-PA. The waist and hip circumferences correlated more closely with both the fat mass accumulated in the trunk region and the % BF (r=0.81–0.95, P<0.001) than the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). The WHR correlated with the percentage of the whole fat mass accumulated in the trunk (PFT) (r=0.52–0.53, P<0.001). In both groups, the PFT increased curvilinearly with the % BF, regardless of the level of physical activity. ANCOVA analysis revealed that total and regional fat masses explained less than 40% of the difference in performance between the PA and non-PA group. The mean speed in the 30 m running test (V30), combined with the height and whole body mass, has predictive value for the BF mass (R=0.98, P<0.001). The % BF may be estimated from the body mass index (BMI) and V30 (% BF=8.09+2.44·BMI (kg m−2)–5.8·V30 (m s−1), R=0.94, P<0.001) in prepubertal boys.CONCLUSIONS: Regular participation in at least 3 h per week of sports activities and competitions on top of the compulsory physical education program is associated with increased physical fitness, lower whole body and trunkal fat mass in prepubertal boys.


International Journal of Obesity | 2006

Influence of extracurricular sport activities on body composition and physical fitness in boys: a 3-year longitudinal study.

Ignacio Ara; G Vicente-Rodriguez; Jorge Perez-Gomez; J Jimenez-Ramirez; Jose A. Serrano-Sanchez; Cecilia Dorado; Jose A. L. Calbet

Objective:To analyse the effect of extracurricular physical activities on fat mass accumulation and physical fitness during growth in early pubertal males.Design:Longitudinal study.Subjects:A total of 42 male children (9.4±1.4 years, Tanner I–II and 12.7±1.5 years, Tanner III–IV, before and after the 3.3 years follow-up, respectively), randomly sampled from the population of Gran Canaria (Spain), 26 of them physically active (PA, at least 3 h per week during 3 years) and 16 non-physically active (non-PA).Measurements:Body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), anthropometrics (body circumferences and skinfolds) and physical fitness variables (dynamic and isometric force, anaerobic capacity and maximal aerobic power) were determined in all subjects.Results:Both groups had comparable body sizes at the start and the end of the study. Body mass index increased with growth more in the PA than in the non-PA group (P<0.05). However, fat mass accumulation with growth was lower in the PA than in the non-PA (P<0.05). There was a positive relationship between the increment of total and trunkal fat mass, especially in non-active children (r 2=0.93). In contrast, there was an inverse relationship between the total lean mass growth and the accumulation of total and regional fat mass (r=−0.37 to −0.41, all P<0.05). Physical fitness was maintained in the PA, while it worsened in the non-PA children.Conclusions:Without any dietary intervention, children who regularly participate in at least 3 h per week of sports activities are more protected against total and regional fat mass accumulation. They also increase their total lean and bone mass to a greater extent than children who do not participate in extracurricular sport activities. In addition, PA children maintain their physical fitness during growth, while it deteriorates in the non-PA children.


Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise | 2001

High femoral bone mineral content and density in male football (soccer) players.

Jose A. L. Calbet; Cecilia Dorado; Pilar Díaz-Herrera; L. P. Rodriguez-Rodriguez

PURPOSE This investigation examined the effect that long-term football (soccer) participation may have on areal bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in male football players. METHODS Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were obtained in 33 recreational male football players active in football for the last 12 yr and 19 nonactive subjects from the same population. Both groups had comparable age (23 +/- 4 yr vs 24 +/- 3 yr), body mass (73 +/- 7 kg vs 72 +/- 11 kg), height (176 +/- 5 cm vs 176 +/- 8 cm), and calcium intake (23 +/- 10 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) vs 20 +/- 11 mg.kg(-1).d(-1) (mean +/- SD). RESULTS The football players showed 8% greater total lean mass (P < 0.001), 13% greater whole-body BMC (P < 0.001), and 5 units lower percentage body fat (P < 0.001) than control subjects. Lumbar spine (L2-L4) BMC and BMD were 13% and 10% higher, respectively, in the football players than in the control subjects (P < 0.05). Furthermore, football players displayed higher femoral neck BMC (24%, 18%, 23%, and 24% for the femoral neck, intertrochanteric, greater trochanter, and Wards triangle subregions, respectively, P < 0.05) and BMD (21%, 19%, 21%, and 27%, respectively, P < 0.05) than controls. BMC in the whole leg was 16-17% greater in the football players, mainly because of enhanced BMD (9-10%) but also because of bone hypertrophy, since the area occupied by the osseous pixels was 7% higher (867 +/- 63 cm2 vs 814 +/- 26 cm2, P < 0.05). Leg muscle mass was 11% higher in the football players than in the control subjects (20,635 +/- 2,073 g vs 18,331 +/- 2,301 g, P < 0.001). No differences were found between the legs in either groups for BMC, BMD, and muscle mass. Left leg muscle mass was correlated with femoral neck BMC and BMD (P < 0.001), as well as with lumbar spine (L2-L4) BMC and BMD (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Long-term football participation, starting at prepubertal age, is associated with markedly increased BMC and BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine regions.


British Journal of Sports Medicine | 2005

Muscular development and physical activity as major determinants of femoral bone mass acquisition during growth

Germán Vicente-Rodríguez; Ignacio Ara; Jorge Perez-Gomez; Cecilia Dorado; Jose A. L. Calbet

Objectives: To investigate to what extent bone mass accrual is determined by physical activity and changes in lean, fat, and total body mass during growth. Methods: Twenty six physically active and 16 age matched control boys were followed up for three years. All subjects were prepubertal at the start of the survey (mean (SEM) age 9.4 (0.3) years). The weekly physical activity of the active boys included compulsory physical education sessions (80–90 minutes a week), three hours a week of extracurricular sports participation, and occasional sports competitions at weekends. The physical activity of the control group was limited to the compulsory physical education curriculum. Bone mineral content (BMC) and areal density (BMD), lean mass, and fat mass were measured by dual energy x ray absorptiometry. Results: The effect of sports participation on femoral bone mass accrual was remarkable. Femoral BMC and BMD increased twice as much in the active group as in the controls over the three year period (p<0.05). The greatest correlation was found between the increment in femoral bone mass and the increment in lean mass (BMC r  =  0.67 and BMD r  =  0.69, both p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed enhancement in lean mass as the best predictor of the increment in femoral bone BMC (R  =  0.65) and BMD (R  =  0.69). Conclusions: Long term sports participation during early adolescence results in greater accrual of bone mass. Enhancement of lean mass seems to be the best predictor of this bone mass accumulation. However, for a given muscle mass, a greater level of physical activity is associated with greater bone mass and density in peripubertal boys.


European Journal of Applied Physiology | 1997

Fractional use of anaerobic capacity during a 30- and a 45-s Wingate test

Jose A. L. Calbet; J. Chavarren; Cecilia Dorado

Abstract This study examined the suitability of the Wingate test as a means of assessing the maximal oxygen deficit (MOD), and the influence of the anaerobic capacity on the fraction of the MOD used during a 30- and a 45-s Wingate test in 19 male subjects. The MOD incurred in constant-intensity supramaximal exercise was higher (P < 0.01) than that for the 45-s and 30-s Wingate tests [68.6 (3.4) vs 60.9 (2.2) and 53.7 (1.6) ml · kg−1, respectively], corresponding to a 10% higher value for the 45-s compared to that for the 30-s test (P < 0.001). A close correlation was found to occur between MOD and the oxygen deficit incurred during the 30- and 45-s Wingate tests, as well as between both all-out tests (r = 0.86–0.90; P < 0.001). The oxygen deficit accumulated during the first 30 s of the 45-s Wingate test was similar to that accumulated during the 30-s Wingate test. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the oxygen deficit after 30 s of all-out exercise (two treatments) was 0.96. The higher the MOD the lower was its fractional recruitment during the 30-s (r = −0.88, P < 0.001) and during the 45-s (r = −0.74, P < 0.01) Wingate tests. In conclusion, 80–90% as an assessment of the oxygen deficit incurred during a Wingate test is valid as an estimate of the anaerobic capacity. The fraction of the anaerobic capacity used in a 30- and 45-s all-out test in inversely related to the anaerobic capacity.


Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports | 2009

The upper extremity of the professional tennis player: muscle volumes, fiber-type distribution and muscle strength

Joaquin Sanchis-Moysi; Fernando Idoate; Hugo Olmedillas; Amelia Guadalupe-Grau; Santiago Alayón; A. Carreras; Cecilia Dorado; Jose A. L. Calbet

The effects of professional tennis participation on dominant and non‐dominant upper extremity muscle volumes, and on fiber types of triceps brachii (lateral head) and vastus lateralis muscles were assessed in 15 professional tennis players. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, n=8) examination and dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA, n=7) were used to assess muscle volumes and lean body mass. Muscle fiber‐type distribution assessed by biopsy sampling was similar in both triceps brachii (2/3 were type 2 and 1/3 type 1 fibers). The VL was composed of 1/3 of type 2 and 2/3 of type 1 fibers. The dominant had 12–15% higher lean mass (DXA/MRI) than the non‐dominant (P<0.05). Type 1, 2a and 2x muscle fibers of the dominant were hypertrophied compared with the non‐dominant by 20%, 22% and 34% (all P<0.01), respectively. The deltoid, triceps brachii, arm flexors and forearm superficial flexor muscles of the dominant were hypertrophied (MRI) compared with the non‐dominant by 11–15%. These muscles represented a similar fraction of the whole muscle volume in both upper extremities. Dominant muscle volume was correlated with 1RM on the one‐arm cable triceps pushdown exercise (r=0.84, P<0.05). Peak power during vertical jump correlated with VL muscle fiberss cross‐sectional area (r=0.82–0.95, P<0.05).


Journal of Applied Physiology | 2009

Strength training combined with plyometric jumps in adults: sex differences in fat-bone axis adaptations

Amelia Guadalupe-Grau; Jorge Perez-Gomez; Hugo Olmedillas; J. Chavarren; Cecilia Dorado; Alfredo Santana; Jose A. Serrano-Sanchez; Jose A. L. Calbet

Leptin and osteocalcin play a role in the regulation of the fat-bone axis and may be altered by exercise. To determine whether osteocalcin reduces fat mass in humans fed ad libitum and if there is a sex dimorphism in the serum osteocalcin and leptin responses to strength training, we studied 43 male (age 23.9 2.4 yr, mean +/- SD) and 23 female physical education students (age 23.2 +/- 2.7 yr). Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups: training (TG) and control (CG). TG followed a strength combined with plyometric jumps training program during 9 wk, whereas the CG did not train. Physical fitness, body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and serum concentrations of hormones were determined pre- and posttraining. In the whole group of subjects (pretraining), the serum concentration of osteocalcin was positively correlated (r = 0.29-0.42, P < 0.05) with whole body and regional bone mineral content, lean mass, dynamic strength, and serum-free testosterone concentration (r = 0.32). However, osteocalcin was negatively correlated with leptin concentration (r = -0.37), fat mass (r = -0.31), and the percent body fat (r = -0.44). Both sexes experienced similar relative improvements in performance, lean mass (+4-5%), and whole body (+0.78%) and lumbar spine bone mineral content (+1.2-2%) with training. Serum osteocalcin concentration was increased after training by 45 and 27% in men and women, respectively (P < 0.05). Fat mass was not altered by training. Vastus lateralis type II MHC composition at the start of the training program predicted 25% of the osteocalcin increase after training. Serum leptin concentration was reduced with training in women. In summary, while the relative effects of strength training plus plyometric jumps in performance, muscle hypertrophy, and osteogenesis are similar in men and women, serum leptin concentration is reduced only in women. The osteocalcin response to strength training is, in part, modulated by the muscle phenotype (MHC isoform composition). Despite the increase in osteocalcin, fat mass was not reduced.


PLOS ONE | 2008

Gender Dimorphism in Skeletal Muscle Leptin Receptors, Serum Leptin and Insulin Sensitivity

Borja Guerra; Teresa Fuentes; Safira Delgado-Guerra; Amelia Guadalupe-Grau; Hugo Olmedillas; Alfredo Santana; Jesús Gustavo Ponce-González; Cecilia Dorado; Jose A. L. Calbet

To determine if there is a gender dimorphism in the expression of leptin receptors (OB-R170, OB-R128 and OB-R98) and the protein suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in human skeletal muscle, the protein expression of OB-R, perilipin A, SOCS3 and alpha-tubulin was assessed by Western blot in muscle biopsies obtained from the m. vastus lateralis in thirty-four men (age = 27.1±6.8 yr) and thirty-three women (age = 26.7±6.7 yr). Basal serum insulin concentration and HOMA were similar in both genders. Serum leptin concentration was 3.4 times higher in women compared to men (P<0.05) and this difference remained significant after accounting for the differences in percentage of body fat or soluble leptin receptor. OB-R protein was 41% (OB-R170, P<0.05) and 163% (OB-R128, P<0.05) greater in women than men. There was no relationship between OB-R expression and the serum concentrations of leptin or 17β-estradiol. In men, muscle OB-R128 protein was inversely related to serum free testosterone. In women, OB-R98 and OB-R128 were inversely related to total serum testosterone concentration, and OB-R128 to serum free testosterone concentration. SOCS3 protein expression was similar in men and women and was not related to OB-R. In women, there was an inverse relationship between the logarithm of free testosterone and SCOS3 protein content in skeletal muscle (r = −0.46, P<0.05). In summary, there is a gender dimorphism in skeletal muscle leptin receptors expression, which can be partly explained by the influence of testosterone. SOCS3 expression in skeletal muscle is not up-regulated in women, despite very high serum leptin concentrations compared to men. The circulating form of the leptin receptor can not be used as a surrogate measure of the amount of leptin receptors expressed in skeletal muscles.


Journal of Applied Physiology | 2012

Increased oxidative stress and anaerobic energy release, but blunted Thr172-AMPKα phosphorylation, in response to sprint exercise in severe acute hypoxia in humans

David Morales-Alamo; Jesús Gustavo Ponce-González; Amelia Guadalupe-Grau; Lorena Rodríguez-García; Alfredo Santana; Maria Roser Cusso; Mario Guerrero; Borja Guerra; Cecilia Dorado; Jose A. L. Calbet

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a major mediator of the exercise response and a molecular target to improve insulin sensitivity. To determine if the anaerobic component of the exercise response, which is exaggerated when sprint is performed in severe acute hypoxia, influences sprint exercise-elicited Thr(172)-AMPKα phosphorylation, 10 volunteers performed a single 30-s sprint (Wingate test) in normoxia and in severe acute hypoxia (inspired Po(2): 75 mmHg). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained before and immediately after 30 and 120 min postsprint. Mean power output and O(2) consumption were 6% and 37%, respectively, lower in hypoxia than in normoxia. O(2) deficit and muscle lactate accumulation were greater in hypoxia than in normoxia. Carbonylated skeletal muscle and plasma proteins were increased after the sprint in hypoxia. Thr(172)-AMPKα phosphorylation was increased by 3.1-fold 30 min after the sprint in normoxia. This effect was prevented by hypoxia. The NAD(+)-to-NADH.H(+) ratio was reduced (by 24-fold) after the sprints, with a greater reduction in hypoxia than in normoxia (P < 0.05), concomitant with 53% lower sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein levels after the sprint in hypoxia (P < 0.05). This could have led to lower liver kinase B1 (LKB1) activation by SIRT1 and, hence, blunted Thr(172)-AMPKα phosphorylation. Ser(485)-AMPKα(1)/Ser(491)-AMPKα(2) phosphorylation, a known negative regulating mechanism of Thr(172)-AMPKα phosphorylation, was increased by 60% immediately after the sprint in hypoxia, coincident with increased Thr(308)-Akt phosphorylation. Collectively, our results indicate that the signaling response to sprint exercise in human skeletal muscle is altered in severe acute hypoxia, which abrogated Thr(172)-AMPKα phosphorylation, likely due to lower LKB1 activation by SIRT1.


International Journal of Sports Medicine | 2010

Bone Mass in Prepubertal Tennis Players

J. Sanchis-Moysi; Cecilia Dorado; Hugo Olmedillas; Jose A. Serrano-Sanchez; Jose A. L. Calbet

To assess if exercise before puberty affects bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) we determined BMC and BMD in the dominant arm (DA) and non-dominant arm (NDA), lumbar spine and femoral neck in 25 tennis players (TP), 21 soccer players (SP) and 22 physically active controls (CG). All of them were under 12 years of age and prepubertal. In TP the DA was heavier than the NDA (7.5+/-0.8%), due to a greater lean mass (10.2+/-1.2%) and BMC (16.3+/-2.2%). The increased BMC is due to a greater DA bone area (11.1+/-1.9%) and BMD (4.1+/-0.7%). BMC inter-arm asymmetry was 50-75% of that previously observed in professional TP. Inter-arm asymmetry in lean mass, BMC, BMD and bone area was significantly higher in TP than in SP and CG. Lumbar spine BMC and BMD were similar across groups. TP and CG had similar femoral neck BMDs, whilst SP had higher femoral neck BMD than TP. In conclusion, tennis participation before puberty is associated with increased lean mass and bone mass, due to an enhanced bone size and areal BMD in the playing arm.

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Dive into the Cecilia Dorado's collaboration.

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Jose A. L. Calbet

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Amelia Guadalupe-Grau

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Hugo Olmedillas

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Borja Guerra

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Jorge Perez-Gomez

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Joaquin Sanchis-Moysi

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Alfredo Santana

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Jose A. Serrano-Sanchez

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Safira Delgado-Guerra

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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Teresa Fuentes

University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

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