Cengiz Şen

Comparison of arthrodesis, resurfacing hemiarthroplasty, and total joint replacement in the treatment of advanced hallux rigidus

The purpose of the present study was to compare the functional results of arthrodesis, resurfacing hemiarthroplasty, and total joint replacement in hallux rigidus. The data from patients treated from 2006 to 2010 for advanced stage hallux rigidus were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 38 patients who had at least 2 years (range 24 to 66 months, mean 31.1) of follow-up were included in the present study. Of the 38 patients, 12 were included in the total joint replacement group (group A), 14 in the resurfacing hemiarthroplasty group (group B), and 12 in the arthrodesis group (group C). At the last follow-up visit, the functional outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society-Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Interphalangeal (AOFAS-HMI) scale, visual analog scale (VAS), and metatarsophalangeal range of motion. Significant improvements were seen in the AOFAS-HMI score, with a decrease in the VAS score in all 3 groups. According to the AOFAS-HMI score, no significant difference was found between groups A and B. However, in group C, the AOFAS-HMI scores were significantly lower than in the other groups owing to the lack of motion. According to the final VAS scores, no significant difference was found between groups A and B; however, the VAS score had decreased significantly more in group C than in the other groups. No major complications occurred in any of the 3 groups. After 2 years of follow-up, all the groups had good functional outcomes. Although arthrodesis is still the most reliable procedure, implant arthroplasty is also a good alternative for advanced stage hallux rigidus.

Efficacy of preoperative administration of single high dose intravenous tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss in total knee arthroplasty: A prospective clinical study

Objective The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness of single dose of 20 mg/kg intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA), in reducing the blood loss in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Material and method 70 patients (65.5 ± 8.1 years old) that have undergone TKA were divided in two groups. The 20 mg/kg IV TXA was given before the skin incision to one group (study group). On the control group, TKA was performed without TXA. The demographic data, body mass index, amount of bleeding and erythrocyte infusion during the operation, hemoglobin and hematocrit values (preoperative and 48th hour), the amount of drainage after the operation were compared between the groups. Results The total amount of bleeding in the study group was 634.03 ± 182.88 ml and 1166.42 ± 295.92 ml in the control group (p < 0.001). Perioperative bleeding was 252.01 ± 144.13 ml in the study group and 431.33 ± 209.10 ml in the control group (p = 0.018). The drainage after the operation was 311.11 ± 141.64 ml at the 24th hour in the study group, 640.74 ± 279.43 ml at the 24th hour in the control group (p < 0.001). The drainage after 24th hour was 97.96 ± 115.86 ml in the study group and 112.96 ± 64.43 ml in the control group (p = 0.584). Conclusion A high, single dose of TXA intravenously given to the patient prior to the TKA significantly reduces the bleeding during the operation and within the postoperative 24 h. There is no significant change in the bleeding amount after the 24th hour following the operation.

An Unusual Traumatic Presentation: Luxatio Erecta Humeri and Concomitant Hip Dislocation

Introduction. Inferior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint, known as luxatio erecta humeri, and posterior hip dislocation are both rare presentations in the emergency department. The most common aetiology is falling for luxatio erecta humeri. The aim of this manuscript was to present a unique case in terms of luxatio erecta humeri, which has a different aetiology, treatment method, and concomitant injury. Presentation of Case. We report a construction worker who was rescued from a collapsed building who presented with both luxatio erecta humeri and complex posterior hip dislocation. An orthopaedic surgeon reducted luxatio erecta humeri with a one-step reduction technique under procedural anaesthesia as soon as the patients vital signs were stable. Discussion. Different concomitant injuries and various injury mechanisms have been described in regard to inferior shoulder dislocation in the literature. However, posterior dislocation of the hip as a concomitant distant region injury and trapping as an injury mechanism for luxatio erecta humeri are being described for the first time in this case report. Two reduction manoeuvers, one-step and two-step, have been used for this dislocation. Some authors suggested that a two-step manoeuver can be more easy to apply. In our specific case, luxatio erecta was easily reducted by a single operator in a single attempt. Conclusion. Luxatio erecta humeri may occur from trapping and complex injuries can accompany luxatio erecta humeri in patients with multiple trauma. A one-step closed reduction can be easily applied by a single operator under procedural anaesthesia.

Preliminary report on amputation versus reconstruction in treatment of tibial hemimelia

OBJECTIVE Tibial hemimelia is a rare disorder characterized by the absence or hypoplasia of the tibia with associated rigidity. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the affectivity of reconstructive surgeries including centralization of the knee-ankle joints and lengthening with Ilizarov principles, as well as physical and functional results of amputation and reconstruction. METHODS This is an IRB-approved retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with tibial hemimelia who required surgery at a single institution between 1998 and 2011. Charts were analyzed for clinical and radiographical findings. At final follow-up, patients underwent physical and radiographic examination. Patients and their parents were asked to complete the SF-10™ health survey (QualityMetric Inc., Lincoln, RI, USA). RESULTS Twenty-one patients (12 male, 9 female) with 30 affected extremities were included. Mean age was 4.8±3.1 years at initial surgery. Knee level disarticulation was performed in 6 extremities of 4 patients. One patient with type III underwent transtibial amputation. Mean number of surgeries for each patient was 6.4±3.3, and mean duration of external fixator and casting was 17±6 months. Mean lengthening was 4.9±1.3 cm, and mean limb length discrepancy was 3.1±1.7 cm at 5.8±3.7 years at follow-up. SF-10™ scores were similar in disarticulated and reconstructed patients (p=0.63). All scores were significantly higher when disarticulation was performed in cases of knee instability (p<0.01). CONCLUSION When stability of the knee joint is present, treatment modality should be chosen according to the existence of the proximal tibia. Amputation should be preferred in cases of knee joint instability.

Double Intertrochanteric Osteotomy for Trochanteric Overgrowth and a Short Femoral Neck in Adolescents

Purpose To review the outcome of Wagner double intertrochanteric osteotomy for trochanteric overgrowth and a short femoral neck in 7 adolescents. Methods Records of one male and 6 females aged 15 to 20 years who underwent modified Wagner osteotomy for trochanteric overgrowth and a short femoral neck by a single senior surgeon were reviewed. The diagnoses were coxa vara (n=2), developmental dysplasia of the hip (n=3), Leg-Calve-Perthes (n=1), and proximal femoral focal deficiency (n=1). Radiological indication for double intertrochanteric osteotomy included a neck-shaft angle (NSA) <120° or a centre trochanter distance (CTD) <28 mm. Function was evaluated using the Childrens Hospital Oakland Hip Evaluation Scale (CHOHES). The articulotrochanteric distance (ATD), CTD, NSA, and the distance between the centre of the femoral head and the centre of the acetabulum (MZ) were measured on radiographs. Results The mean follow-up duration was 61 (range, 28–86) months. The ATD improved from 16±11.5 mm to −6.3±10.2 mm (p=0.018), the CTD from 27.9±3.5 mm to 36.4±7.1 mm (p=0.018), the NSA from 112°±24.4° to 131°±16° (p=0.028), the MZ from 12.7±6.5 mm to 7.7±4.2 mm (p=0.028), and the CHOHES score from 62.1±8.7 to 84±9.6 (p=0.017). One patient had delayed union. Two patients had persistent Trendelenburg gait. Two patients declined second-stage surgery for acetabular dysplasia after solving the femoral side problems at the first stage. One of them developed hip arthrosis. Conclusion Double intertrochanteric osteotomy is a viable treatment option for adolescents with trochanteric overgrowth and a short femoral neck.

A rare pathogen for subacute osteomyelitis in adolescent: Serratia marcescens.

Highlights • Serratia species are rare pathogens for osteomyelitis.• Orthopedic surgeons should be aware of opportunistic microorganism like serratia.• Osteomyelitis is one of the factors for union delay or nonunion, we should be alert.• Osteomyelitis treatment consists of debridement and antibiotics.

Translation and Angulation-Translation Deformities

Translation is the movement of one fragment relative to another. Translation deformities can be accompanied by an angulation deformity, which are known as angulation-translation deformities. Although translation deformities are seen with angulation deformities, both deformities can be seen on the same plane or on separate planes.

Ten Basıc Rules for Ilizarov Applications

Since the second half of the twentieth century, circular-type external fixators have had many advantages over the classic methods for treating deformities, limb length discrepancies, and pseudoarthrosis, which have failed to have been treated before.

Rotation and Rotation-Angulation Deformities

Rotation deformities are termed as angulation on the axial or longitudinal axis of the bone. These deformities also change the orientation of the ankle, knee, and hip joints. Rotation deformity of the lower extremity is evaluated clinically and radiologically.

Definitive Surgery for Open Fractures of the Long Bones with External Fixatıon

Reconstruction Methods for Fractures with Bone Defects, Vascular Injury, and Salvage Procedures