Chaithep Poolkhet
Kasetsart University
Network
Latest external collaboration on country level. Dive into details by clicking on the dots.
Publication
Featured researches published by Chaithep Poolkhet.
Acta Tropica | 2011
Mathilde Paul; Sirichai Wongnarkpet; Patrick Gasqui; Chaithep Poolkhet; Sukanya Thongratsakul; Christian Ducrot; François Roger
To reduce the risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 infection in humans, the pathways by which HPAI is spread in poultry must be determined. Backyard poultry farmers are particularly vulnerable to the threat of HPAI, with both their health and livelihoods at risk. Identifying the risk factors for HPAI infection in backyard farms should allow control measures to be better targeted. To study the risk factors of HPAI H5N1 infection, we carried out a case-control study on backyard chicken farms in Thailand, analyzing 104 case farms and 382 control farms. Data on farming practices and environmental characteristics were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression models. We show that farms where owners bought live chickens from another backyard farm had a higher risk of HPAI H5N1 infection (OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.72-6.47), while those where owners used a disinfectant to clean poultry areas were exposed to lower risk (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.26-0.87). Our results highlight the important role of the trade of poultry between farms in the transmission of HPAI H5N1, in addition to farming practices and environmental characteristics. Findings from this study may help to tailor prevention measures to the local circumstances of backyard farms in different regions of the world.
Acta Tropica | 2013
Mathilde Paul; Virginie Baritaux; Sirichai Wongnarkpet; Chaithep Poolkhet; Weerapong Thanapongtharm; François Roger; Pascal Bonnet; Christian Ducrot
In developing countries, smallholder poultry production contributes to food security and poverty alleviation in rural areas. However, traditional poultry marketing chains have been threatened by the epidemics caused by the Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) virus. The article presents a value chain analysis conducted on the traditional poultry marketing chain in the rural province of Phitsanulok, Thailand. The analysis is based on quantitative data collected on 470 backyard chicken farms, and on qualitative data collected on 28 poultry collectors, slaughterhouses and market retailers, using semi-structured interviews. The article examines the organization of poultry marketing chains in time and space, and shows how this may contribute to the spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in the small-scale poultry sector. The article also discusses the practices and strategies developed by value chain actors facing poultry mortality, with their economic and social determinants. More broadly, this study also illustrates how value chain analysis can contribute to a better understanding of the complex mechanisms associated with the spread of epidemics in rural communities.
Zoonoses and Public Health | 2013
Chaithep Poolkhet; Pornsri Chairatanayuth; Sukanya Thongratsakul; N. Yatbantoong; Suwicha Kasemsuwan; D. Damchoey; Theera Rukkwamsuk
The aim of this study is to explain the social networks of the backyard chicken in Ratchaburi, Suphan Buri and Nakhon Pathom Provinces. In this study, we designed the nodes as groups of persons or places involved in activities relating to backyard chickens. The ties are all activities related to the nodes. The study applied a partial network approach to assess the spreading pattern of avian influenza. From 557 questionnaires collected from the nodes, the researchers found that the degree (the numbers of ties that a node has) and closeness (the distance from one node to the others) centralities of Nakhon Pathom were significantly higher than those of the others (P < 0.001). The results show that compared with the remaining areas, this area is more quickly connected to many links. If the avian influenza virus subtype H5N1 was released into the network, the disease would spread throughout this province more rapidly than in Ratchaburi and Suphan Buri. The betweenness centrality in each of these provinces showed no differences (P > 0.05). In this study, the nodes that play an important role in all networks are farmers who raise consumable chicken, farmers who raise both consumable chicken and fighting cocks, farmers’ households that connect with dominant nodes, and the owners and observers of fighting cocks at arenas and training fields. In this study, we did not find cut points or blocks in the network. Moreover, we detected a random network in all provinces. Thus, connectivity between the nodes covers long or short distances, with less predictable behaviour. Finally, this study suggests that activities between the important nodes must receive special attention for disease control during future disease outbreaks.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine | 2012
N. Marquetoux; Mathilde Paul; Sirichai Wongnarkpet; Chaithep Poolkhet; Weerapong Thanapongtharm; François Roger; Christian Ducrot; Karine Chalvet-Monfray
Since 2003, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus has spread, causing a pandemic with serious economic consequences and public health implications. Quantitative estimates of the spread of HPAI H5N1 are needed to adapt control measures. This study aimed to estimate the variations of the reproduction number R in space and time for the HPAI H5N1 epidemic in Thailand. Transmission between sub-districts was analyzed using three different and complementary methods. Transmission of HPAI H5N1 was intense (R(t)>1) before October 2004, at which point the epidemic started to progressively fade out (R(t)<1). The spread was mainly local, with 75% of the putative distances of transmission less than 32km. The map of the mean standardized ratio of transmitting the infection (sr) showed sub-districts with a high risk of transmitting infection. Findings from this study can contribute to discussions regarding the efficacy of control measures and help target surveillance programs.
Acta Tropica | 2016
Chaithep Poolkhet; Suwicha Kasemsuwan; S. Seng; C. Keartha; C. Sokmao; M. Shin; W. Kalpravidh; J. Hinrichs
The aim of this study is to provide insight the network of cattle movement in Kampong Cham, Kampong Speu and Takeo, Cambodia. A cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2014 to August 2014, using questionnaires. It was implemented with 435 interviewees (24.4%, 24.6% and 51.0% from Kampong Cham, Kampong Speu and Takeo, respectively) using one-step snowball sampling. The findings suggest that the key players in all three provinces are producers who raise their cattle as backyard animals. In all three provinces the key players in spreading disease are probably the middlemen, collectors, brokers or traders. The network of cattle movement is presented as a strong component of varying size in each location. In this network we found three cut-points in both Kampong Cham and Kampong Speu. The network in each province indicates a random pattern of node distribution. The results of our study are useful to relevant authorities and researchers to understand the spread of infectious diseases into different areas. The middlemen, collectors, brokers and traders need to be controlled as first priority in order to reduce the magnitude of the spread of disease.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine | 2018
Chaithep Poolkhet; Kohei Makita; Sukanya Thongratsakul; Kansuda Leelehapongsathon
The aim of this study was to use exponential random graph models (ERGMs) to explain networks of movement of backyard chickens in provinces which had been hotspots for avian influenza outbreaks in Thailand during 2004-2005. We used structured questionnaires to collect data for the period January to December 2009 from participants who were involved in the backyard chicken farming network in three avian influenza hotspots (Ratchaburi, Suphan Buri, and Nakhon Pathom provinces) in Thailand. From 557 questionnaires, we identified nodes, points of entry and exit from nodes, and activities relating to backyard chicken farming and movement of chickens, and generated ERGMs based on non-festive periods (Model 1) and the Chinese New Year period (Model 2). In Model 1, k-star (the central node is connected to k other nodes) connections were predominant (P < 0.001). In Model 2, the frequency of movement increased by 10.62 times, k-star connections were still predominant (P < 0.001), and the model was scale-free. Hubs were formed from owners/observers in the arenas/training fields, farmers who raised chickens for consumption only, and traders. In conclusion, our models indicated that, if avian influenza was introduced during non-festive periods, the authorities would need to regularly restrict the movement of chickens. However, during high-frequency periods of movement of backyard chickens, authorities would also need to focus on the network hubs. Our research can be used by the relevant authorities to improve control measures and reduce the risk or lessen the magnitude of disease spread during an avian influenza epidemic.
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms | 2017
Sompit Yaemkasem; Visanu Boonyawiwat; Jiraporn Kasornchandra; Chaithep Poolkhet
The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors for white spot disease (WSD) in Rayong, Thailand. A study was conducted from October 2014 to March 2015 to identify potential farm-level risk factors using a validated questionnaire. We completed 1 questionnaire for each farm; a total of 38 questionnaires from the case farms and 127 questionnaires from the control farms were collected. The results showed that the presence of WSD in previous crops and the use of seawater were risk factors (p < 0.01), indicating that the environment plays an important role in WSD outbreaks in Rayong. Good management practices for pond preparation and other mitigation steps should be part of a control measure program for WSD in this region.
Veterinary Medicine International | 2015
Supot Noopataya; Sukanya Thongratsakul; Chaithep Poolkhet
The aim of this study is to analyse the pattern of cattle movement in Sukhothai province, Thailand. A validated questionnaire was applied to 308 respondents related to cattle farming using one-step snowball sampling. The results showed that most of the nodes are farmers who move their animals in the province. The average normalized degree centrality and normalized closeness centrality were low (<0.01 and 0.04, resp.). We found that traders are the nodes with a high value of centrality. This corresponds with the cutpoint analysis results that traders are outstanding. In conclusion, the relevant authorities should focus on the nodes such as traders for controlling disease. However, a measure to detect disease in the early stages needs to be implemented.
Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology | 2010
Sukanya Thongratsakul; Yasuo Suzuki; Hiroaki Hiramatsu; Thavajchai Sakpuaram; Theerapol Sirinarumitr; Chaithep Poolkhet; Pattra Moonjit; Rungrueang Yodsheewan; Thaweesak Songserm
Research in Veterinary Science | 2013
Chaithep Poolkhet; Pornsri Chairatanayuth; Sukanya Thongratsakul; Suwicha Kasemsuwan; Theera Rukkwamsuk