Changsheng Xu

A robust and fast watermarking scheme for compressed audio

This paper proposes a method to embed and extract the watermark into and from digital compressed audio. The watermark is embedded in partially uncompressed domain and the embedding scheme is high related to audio content. The watermark embedding can be done very fast. The experimental result illustrates that the embedded watermark can survive the decoding and reencoding process.

Content protection and usage control for digital music

The paper presents two fast and robust digital watermarking schemes for compressed music format and MIDI format, which are suitable for online distribution through Internet. For compressed music, the watermark is embedded in partially uncompressed domain and the embedding scheme is high related to music content. For MIDI, the watermark is embedded in virtual notes that are generated and randomly hide among the MIDI notes. The paper also presents a method for controlling usage and protecting against copying of digital music contents and their associated players. The digital music contents and their players installed in one computer cannot be used if they are copied to another computer. Even in the same computer, the duplicated digital music contents are not usable. The usage associated to each music content will restrict the running time and times the music can be played and it will be automatically updated after each playing of the music. The digital music may not be accessible if its permitted usage has expired.

Digital audio watermarking based-on multiple-bit hopping and human auditory system

A novel content-adaptive audio watermarking technique is proposed. To optimally balance in-audibility and robustness when embedding and extracting watermarks, the embedding scheme is high related to audio content by making use of the properties of human auditory system and multiple-bit hopping technique. The experimental results in robustness are provided to support all the novel features in our watermarking scheme.

Robust and efficient content-based digital audio watermarking

Abstract. This paper proposes a set of digital watermarking schemes for WAV audio, WAV-table synthesis audio and compressed audio. The watermark embedding scheme is closely related to audio content and based on the human auditory system. The experimental results in listening and robustness illustrate that the proposed watermarking schemes can achieve an optimal balance between audibility and robustness of the watermarked audio. The proposed methods are also very useful and effective for copyright protection, tracing illegal distribution and other applications.

Content-based retrieval for digital audio and music

In this chapter, we summarize the research achievements in the area of content-based audio and music retrieval. This chapter covers the research aspects of audio feature extraction, generic audio classification and retrieval, music content analysis, and content-based music retrieval, providing an overview of current research in the area. In addition, two typical systems for content-based audio and music retrieval are discussed in detail. Finally, based on the current technology used in content-based audio/ music retrieval and the demand from real-world applications, future promising directions are identified.

Copyright Protection for WAV-Table Synthesis Audio Using Digital Watermarking

In this paper, we present a novel audio watermarking method for WAV-table synthesis audio (Downloadable Sounds - DLS) copyright protection. In order to guarantee the inaudibility and robustness, we embed watermark both in sample data and in articulation parameters. For sample data, we propose an adaptive low-bit coding method based on finite automaton. For articulation parameters, we generate a virtual instrument and use its parameters to hide watermark information. We also discuss the watermark detection and give the experimental results of watermarked DLS to the listening and robustness tests.