Charles A. Rarick

Historical Antecedents of Chinese Business Ethics

This paper explores the historical development of the Chinese view of business ethics. The paper investigates 5,000 years of Chinese history and includes the significant contributions of Confucius, Mencius, Laozi and Zhuangzi, as well as more modern figures in Chinas history. It is proposed that these important historical individuals and philosophies greatly influenced the development of current Chinese ethical practices.

An Exploratory Study of Myanmar Culture Using Hofstede's Value Dimensions

This paper is an exploratory investigation into the cultural classification of Myanmar (Burmese) culture using the Hofstede-Bond typology. Myanmar was not included in the original or subsequent Hofstede studies, and no empirical data are found in the literature concerning the cultural classification of this country. The results indicate that Myanmar is a low power distance, highly feminine, moderately individualistic, high uncertainty avoidance culture with a moderate long-term orientation. The paper also addresses the similarities and differences between Myanmar and its Southeast Asian neighbors.

ECONOMIC SANCTIONS REVISITED: ADDITIONAL INSIGHTS INTO WHY THEY FAIL

Economic sanctions have a poor track record in achieving their objectives. In most cases, they are ineffective in bringing about policy change, cause increased suffering in the sanctioned country and reduce opportunities for business. This paper provides additional insights into why sanctions fail by examining two overlooked factors: power–dependency theory and pressure for political stability.

An Ethical Assessment of the Use of Economic Sanctions as a Tool of Foreign Policy

This paper is the third in a series of articles that examines the shortcomings of economic sanctions. Drawing on Mills utilitarianism, Kants categorical imperative and Rawlss theory of justice, the conceptual frameworks of consequentialism, deontology and contractualism are used to demonstrate the unethical nature of this increasingly popular instrument of foreign policy.

Cross-Cultural Adaptability of Organizational Change Interventions

This article discusses the ability of the change agent, or OD practitioner to use intervention techniques across different cultures. It is proposed that a contingency approach must be employed in prescribing the appropriate technique, and that certain cultural typologies are helpful in deciding which intervention is most appropriate. In particular, the article uses the provided by Hofstede, Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck, and Trompenaars, to show how change management must be adapted to various cultural parameters.