Charles A. Waehler

Four Studies Extending the Utility of the Schwartz Outcome Scale (SOS-10)

The Schwartz Outcome Scale (SOS-10; Blais et al., 1999) is a brief, cost free, and easy to administer assessment device designed to measure a broad domain of psychological health. The 4 studies using the SOS-10 reported here extend the initial reliability and validity studies beyond psychiatric patients in a hospital setting to examine (a) test-retest reliability in a college student population, (b) concurrent validity with college students using an indirect technique assessing maladjustment, (c) concurrent validity with college counseling center clients using a self-report measure of client distress, and (d) sensitivity to treatment changes with outpatient clients. These studies lend further support for using the SOS-10 as a measure of psychological well-being and as an outcome measure in varied settings.

Integrating Practice Guidelines Into Professional Training Implications for Diversity Competence

The authors present the findings of a special task group (STG) organized to explore effective training strategies for the practice guidelines focused on diverse populations. They provide a brief literature review and summarize survey data from academic training directors regarding current use of practice guidelines. The authors then describe the Integrative Training Model (ITM), developed by the STG, as a framework for students and professionals to incorporate the complex array of information contained in each set of guidelines. Unique challenges associated with incorporating the ITM are described, as well as pedagogical considerations for both students and current professionals. The authors believe the ITM may help students and professionals increase their diversity competence by developing a more holistic understanding of the various dimensions and social group experiences that affect their clients and themselves.

Selected Rorschach variables of never-married men

Heterosexual, Caucasian men (N = 28) between 40 and 50 years of age (M = 42.6) and who never had married were given the Rorschach Inkblot Test. Significant differences between the subject pool and Exners (1990) non-patient male sample were observed in 7 of the 10 Rorschach dimensions selected for examination prior to test administration. These never-married men generated fewer responses than most men; made greater use of simple responses; incorporated fewer details; rejected complexity; gave responses that were not rich with ideational or affective activity; and selected idiosyncratic responses that were not always accurately represented within the stimulus. The subjects showed self-interest and oppositionality to the same degree as most men.

Sex of Figure Drawings and Self-Esteem

This study examined the relationship between sex order of human figure drawing and self-esteem. Undergraduates (N = 440) drew a person and completed the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. Female subjects (n = 255) drew the opposite sex 39.2% of the time (n = 100), while 185 men drew females first only 6.5% of the time (n = 12). Using median scores derived from the sample, men who drew females first were more likely to have low self-esteem than were the men over-all. Self-esteem judged on the sex of their drawing was not significantly different for women. These findings reinforce the importance of accounting for sex differences in personality assessment and support the hypothesis that drawing of the opposite sex by women may reflect social role rather than psychological conflict.