Charles Gale

Event-by-event anisotropic flow in heavy-ion collisions from combined Yang-Mills and viscous fluid dynamics

Anisotropic flow coefficients v(1)-v(5) in heavy ion collisions are computed by combining a classical Yang-Mills description of the early time Glasma flow with the subsequent relativistic viscous hydrodynamic evolution of matter through the quark-gluon plasma and hadron gas phases. The Glasma dynamics, as realized in the impact parameter dependent Glasma (IP-Glasma) model, takes into account event-by-event geometric fluctuations in nucleon positions and intrinsic subnucleon scale color charge fluctuations; the preequilibrium flow of matter is then matched to the music algorithm describing viscous hydrodynamic flow and particle production at freeze-out. The IP-Glasma+MUSIC model describes well both transverse momentum dependent and integrated v(n) data measured at the Large Hadron Collider and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The model also reproduces the event-by-event distributions of v(2), v(3) and v(4) measured by the ATLAS Collaboration. The implications of our results for better understanding of the dynamics of the Glasma and for the extraction of transport properties of the quark-gluon plasma are outlined.

Elliptic and triangular flow in event-by-event D=3+1 viscous hydrodynamics.

We present results for the elliptic and triangular flow coefficients v(2) and v(3) in Au+Au collisions at √s=200  AGeV using event-by-event D=3+1 viscous hydrodynamic simulations. We study the effect of initial state fluctuations and finite viscosities on the flow coefficients v(2) and v(3) as functions of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity. Fluctuations are essential to reproduce the measured centrality dependence of elliptic flow. We argue that simultaneous measurements of v(2) and v(3) can determine η/s more precisely.

Hydrodynamic Modeling of Heavy-Ion Collisions

We review progress in the hydrodynamic description of heavy-ion collisions, focusing on recent developments in modeling the fluctuating initial state and event-by-event viscous hydrodynamic simulations. We discuss how hydrodynamics can be used to extract information on fundamental properties of quantum chromodynamics from experimental data, and review successes and challenges of the hydrodynamic framework.

Vector dominance model at finite temperature

Abstract The neutral ϱ-meson propagator is computed at finite temperature using standard π-ρ dynamics. The vector dominance model states that the hadronic electromagnetic current operator is proportional to a linear combination of the neutral vector meson field operators. Neglecting the φ-ω complex, this should give a good account of the rate of lepton pair emission from a hot pion gas. The mass and width of both transverse and longitudinal ϱ-mesons increase with temperature, but temperature effects are still relatively small up to T = 150 MeV. If substantial shifts in these quantities were to be seen experimentally, it would seem to require other new physics like chiral symmetry restoration or deconfinement. The results obtained here may be viewed as generalizing the Gounaris-Sakurai formula to finite temperature.

Extracting the jet transport coefficient from jet quenching in high-energy heavy-ion collisions

Karen M. Burke, Alessandro Buzzatti, 3 Ningbo Chang, 5 Charles Gale, Miklos Gyulassy, Ulrich Heinz, Sangyong Jeon, Abhijit Majumder, Berndt Müller, Guang-You Qin, 1 Björn Schenke, Chun Shen, Xin-Nian Wang, 2 Jiechen Xu, Clint Young, and Hanzhong Zhang Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA Nuclear Science Division, MS 70R0319, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York 10027, USA School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China Institute of Particle Physics and Key Laboratory of Quarks and Lepton Physics (MOE), Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2T8, Canada Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Ohio 43210, USA Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA

Hadronic production of thermal photons

We study the thermal emission of photons from hot and dense strongly interacting hadronic matter at temperatures close to the expected phase transition to the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). Earlier calculations of photon radiation from ensembles of interacting mesons are reexamined with additional constraints, including new production channels as well as an assessment of hadronic form factor effects. Whereas strangeness-induced photon yields turn out to be moderate, the hitherto not considered

Importance of the Bulk Viscosity of QCD in Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions

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Systematic comparison of jet energy-loss schemes in a realistic hydrodynamic medium

-channel exchange of

Momentum dependence of symmetry potential in asymmetric nuclear matter for transport model calculations

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(3+1)D hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy-ion collisions

mesons is found to contribute appreciably for photon energies above