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Dive into the research topics where Charles H. Fisher is active.

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Featured researches published by Charles H. Fisher.


conference on automation science and engineering | 2005

Sample preparation in glass capillaries for high-throughput biochemical analyses

D.R. Meldram; Mark R. Holl; Charles H. Fisher; Mohan S. Saini; Shawn McGuire; Timothy T H Ren; William H. Pence; Stephen E. Moody; David L. Cunningham; D.A. Donaldson; P.J. Wiktor

A capillary-based fluid handling system, the ACAPELLA-5K (ASK), has been developed to prepare precise mixtures of sample and reagents in glass capillaries at a rate of 5000 preparations in 8 hours. Following a user-defined protocol the system architecture enables sample aspiration, reagent dispensing, mixing, and thermal cycling, with intermediate imaging steps for in-process monitoring of critical fluid delivery steps. A serial pipeline process is used to provide flexibility, reproducibility, and reliability for the reactions prepared. A typical reaction comprises a 0.5 /spl mu/L sample aspirated from a microplate well followed by 1 to 8 reagents dispensed in 40-100 pL droplet volumes using piezoelectric reagent dispensers. Reactions are then mixed to prepare a 2.0 /spl mu/L final reaction volume. Reaction volumes from 0.5-2 /spl mu/L have been demonstrated, representing performance comparable to the state-of-the-art in a majority of core sequencing facilities. A5K has been extensively tested in the preparation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing reactions. Other applications of the A5K platform of technologies include quantitation of minimal residual disease, protein crystallography, and potential for application in drug discovery, forensics, and DNA analysis of environmental samples.


IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering | 2006

A real-time PCR analyzer compatible with high-throughput automated processing of 2-/spl mu/L reactions in glass capillaries

Patrick N. Ngatchou; Mark R. Holl; Charles H. Fisher; Mohan S. Saini; Jianchun Dong; Timothy T H Ren; William H. Pence; David L. Cunningham; Stephen E. Moody; Douglas A. Donaldson; Deirdre R. Meldrum

This paper describes the development of a real-time polymerase chain reaction testbed for the analysis of up to 48 1- to 2-/spl mu/L reactions in glass capillaries. It is suitable for high-throughput experimentation when used as a downstream module for ACAPELLA-5K, an automated, high-precision, fluid-handling system developed in our laboratory over the past five years. The testbed features a laser-induced fluorescence scanner with high-sensitivity photomultiplier tubes for the detection of three spectral wavelengths. The scanner has a detection threshold of 1-nM fluorescein in a 1-/spl mu/L detection volume. Peltier-effect thermoelectric elements are used to control thermal cycles with a slew rate of 3/spl deg/C/s, and a set point tracking accuracy of /spl plusmn/0.5/spl deg/C. Analyzer design and performance are presented. Experimental results show a successful detection of 3 copies//spl mu/L of the albumin gene in serial dilutions of human genomic deoxyribonucleic-acid. Detection levels down to 4 copies//spl mu/L of the t(14;18) translocation associated with the cancer follicular lymphoma, was demonstrated in RL-7 cells. Note to Practitioners-Real-time polymerase chain reaction is a thermally driven in-vitro replication of specific segments of DNA, with simultaneous monitoring or reaction product by means of fluorescence detection. This process is important in biochemical analysis for the detection and/or estimation of gene concentration in DNA samples. By increasing the concentration of an initially undetectable gene and monitoring the kinetic history of the reaction, an estimate of the initial concentration can be computed. Although there exists a plethora of commercial real-time PCR instruments, none of these instruments are suitable for low-volume (single-digit microliters) reagents and high-throughput processing while preserving a high degree of fidelity to obtain reliable, repeatable results, and versatility (support for different fluorogenic probes, different operating modes, etc.). The A5K-automated fluid handling and sample preparation system addresses the high-throughput reaction preparation in small-volume glass capillaries. The testbed presented here is a downstream processing module for A5K. To address the challenges posed by the use of low-volume, elongated reaction vessels, we employ a scanning optical system with a novel inline illumination method to address up to 48 capillaries. We empirically demonstrate that the systems performance is comparable to that of existing commercial real-time PCR platforms, and verify its repeatability and versatility. Future work will address the development of a more compact instrument that can be directly integrated with A5K.


intelligent robots and systems | 2003

ACAPELLA-5K, a high-throughput automated genome and chemical analysis system

Deirdre R. Meldrum; Charles H. Fisher; Matthew P. Moore; Mohan S. Saini; Mark R. Holl; William H. Pence; Stephen E. Moody; David L. Cunningham; Peter Wiktor

A capillary-based fluid handling system bas been developed to process 5000 samples in 8 hours. The system takes deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or other chemical samples and automatically processes them as specified in a user-defined protocol with aspiration, dispensing, mixing, thermal cycling, and imaging steps. A serial pipeline process is used to provide flexibility, reproducibility, and reliability for the samples prepared. This laboratory automation system dispenses 40-100 pL droplet volumes using piezoelectric reagent dispensers and prepares 1 or 2-/spl mu/L final reaction volumes, a 3 to 5-fold reduction in reagent usage over current (2003) state-of-the-art manual and automated instrumentation. Extensive testing of the system has been performed with the University of Washington Genome Center. Applications for ACAPELLA-5K include DNA sequencing, diagnostics, minimal residual disease quantification, drug discovery, environmental testing, forensics, protein crystallography, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and so on.


Applied Optics | 1989

Small signal gain and vibrational relaxation for 13 CO 2

David F. Kroeker; Mark A. Defaccio; Albert L. Pindroh; Dean R. Guyer; Charles H. Fisher; Stephen E. Moody

We have determined the small signal gain for the P(18) transition of the (13)CO(2) and (12)CO(2) isotopes for identical pumping conditions in an x-ray preionized discharge amplifier. We have also determined vibrational-relaxation rate constants for He, N(2), and (13)CO(2) from the decay of the small signal gain on the P(18) transition of (13)CO(2) in the same x-ray preionized discharge amplifier. The vibrational-relaxation rate constants for N(2) and (13)CO(2) on the (13)CO(2)P(18) transition at 11.1 microm are a factor of 3 faster than the corresponding rate constants for the (12)CO(2) isotope.


SPIE 1989 Technical Symposium on Aerospace Sensing | 1989

Design Of A High Power Isotopic CO 2 Laser Amplifier

Stephen E. Moody; Charles H. Fisher

We describe measurements of large signal gain in an isotopic 13C16O2, laser amplifier. These measurements indicate that a properly designed amplifier will have good efficiency.


Archive | 2001

Real-Time Fluorescence Detection of DNA in 5 µl Capillary Channels For Minimal Residual Disease Quantification Using the Acapella-5K High-Throughput Automated Analysis System

Tobias P. Mann; Mark R. Holl; Mohan S. Saini; Charles H. Fisher; William H. Pence; Stephen E. Moody; David L. Cunningham; Daniel E. Sabath; Deirdre R. Meldrum

This paper describes a system for quantification of template DNA in a sample using fluorescence detection of DNA amplification during a real-time PCR reaction in a 5 µl glass capillary channel. The capillary system allows aliquots to be drawn from small samples efficiently and with no cross contamination when many samples are processed in an automated high-throughput sample preparation system, the Acapella-5K.


Gas Laser Technology | 1988

Design Of A [sup]13[/sup]C[sup]16[/sup]O[sub]2[/sub] Laser Amplifier

Stephen E. Moody; Charles H. Fisher; William J. Thayer; John F. Zumdieck

We describe the design of a high power laser amplifier operating on 13C1602. Design differences resulting from use of the rare isotope are emphasized.We describe the design of a high power laser amplifier operating on 13 C 16 0 2 . Design differences resulting from use of the rare isotope are emphasized.


1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88 | 1988

Design Of A 13 C 16 O 2 Laser Amplifier

Stephen E. Moody; Peter P. Chenausky; Roland A. Sauerbrey; Charles H. Fisher; William J. Thayer; James H. Tillotson; John F. Zumdieck

We describe the design of a high power laser amplifier operating on 13C1602. Design differences resulting from use of the rare isotope are emphasized.We describe the design of a high power laser amplifier operating on 13 C 16 0 2 . Design differences resulting from use of the rare isotope are emphasized.


1988 Los Angeles Symposium--O-E/LASE '88 | 1988

Design Of A 13C16O2 Laser Amplifier

Stephen E. Moody; Charles H. Fisher; William J. Thayer; John F. Zumdieck

We describe the design of a high power laser amplifier operating on 13C1602. Design differences resulting from use of the rare isotope are emphasized.We describe the design of a high power laser amplifier operating on 13 C 16 0 2 . Design differences resulting from use of the rare isotope are emphasized.


Archive | 2003

Preparation of samples and sample evaluation

Deirdre R. Meldrum; Stewart Turley; Stephen E. Moody; Wim G. J. Hol; Charles H. Fisher

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Mark R. Holl

Arizona State University

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Mohan S. Saini

University of Washington

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J. J. Ewing

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

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Jianchun Dong

University of Washington

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