Charles W. Lloyd

Plasma androgens and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids throughout the day in submarine personnel

Abstract Plasma testosterone, androstenedione and 17-OH-corticosteroids were measured throughout the day in submarine personnel working a 24-hour day on land and then an 18-hour day during a sixty day ocean patrol. A diurnal rhythm was shown by plasma androgens with androstenedione decreasing more than twice as much as testosterone. When subjects had a normal 24-hour sleep-wake schedule, both androgens measured at six-hour intervals were highest at 7 a.m. and lowest at night. When the 17-OH-corticosteroid peak shifted from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. or 7 p.m. during a patrol with an eighteen-hour day, androstenedione also shifted its peak. The coefficient of correlation between 17-OH-corticosteroids and androstenedione was significant, P 〈.01〉 .001. There was no correlation between 17-OH-corticosteroids and testosterone, androstenedione and testosterone or testosterone and plasma LH. In the male, therefore, androstenedione shows the same pattern and magnitude of diurnal change as 17-OH-eorticosteroids, suggesting that it is primarily of adrenal origin.

Variations in the concentrations of androstenedione in peripheral plasma of women during the day and during the menstrual cycle)

Abstract The concentration of androstenedione in the peripheral plasma of women varied during the day. At 9 AM on day 2 of the menstrual cycle the mean concentration of androstenedione was 0.209 μg/100 ml plasma and at 5 PM it was 0.147 μg/100 ml plasma, a difference of 29.1% (P

CONCENTRATION OF UNCONJUGATED ESTROGENS, ANDROGENS AND GESTAGENS IN OVARIAN AND PERIPHERAL VENOUS PLASMA OF WOMEN: THE NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE

The concentrations of unconjugated estrone (Ei), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), androstenedione (A) and progesterone (P) were measured in peripheral and ovarian venous plasma collected from 18 healthy women on days 7-30 of the menstrual cycle at the time of elective tubal ligation. An additional 4 steroids, pregnenolone, 17a-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), 20«-dihydroxyprogesterone (20-OHP) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), were measured in ovarian venous plasma. In 2 subjects, one in the follicular phase and one in the luteal phase, blood was obtained from both ovaries. There was evidence of secretion by the ovary of all the steroids measured. Of the Cis and Cio steroids, E2 and A, respectively, were secreted by the ovary in largest amounts. There was a wide range of concentration of each steroid in ovarian venous plasma collected at the same time of the cycle from different subjects. High concentrations of E2 were associated with high levels of Ei, T and A. DHEA appeared to be higher in plasma from the less actively secreting ovary. Equally high values of all these steroids were found in specimens from both phases of the cycle. There clearly was secretion of progesterone in the luteal phase from the ovary containing the corpus luteum. In the subject where bilateral sampling was performed, the ovary that did not contain the corpus luteum secreted lesser, though still significant, amounts of P than the one containing the corpus luteum. In the follicular phase, there was a suggestion of secretion of P in 2 cases. In 3 of 4 subjects in the follicular phase in which 17-OHP was measured, it was increased; in one of these, 17-OHP was higher in blood from the ovary secreting the smaller amount of e3trogen. In the luteal phase, high levels of 17-OHP were found in some subjects. The relationship between 17-OHP and P or E2 was not consistent. The range of concentrations of all the steroids in the peripheral plasma was much less than in the ovarian plasma. The ratios of A/T and E2/Ei in ovarian vein plasma were 4-6 times higher than in peripheral vein plasma. (J Clin Endocr 32: 155, 1971) M of the concepts concerning the endocrine events in the menstrual cycle have been deiived from observations Received April 28, 1970. Supported in part by Grant AM-08184 from the NIH, Grant GB-6231 X (J. McCracken), NSF, Division of Biological and Medical Sciences, by a grant from the Ford Foundation through its Training Program in the Physiology of Reproduction, and by grants from Ortho, Searle, Syntex, Upjohn and Warner-Lambert Companies, and by a grant from the Ford Foundation to the Department of Obstetrics, The University of Chile. 1 Presented in part before the Sixth World Congress of Fertility, Tel-Aviv, Israel, May 1968, and the Third Meeting of ALIHR, Bahia, Brazil, October 1968. 2 Present address: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, 39 Chalmers St., Edinburgh, Scotland. 3 Deceased May 12, 1968. of changes in the endometrium or from the pattern of excretion of various hormones in the urine. Only recently have sufficiently sensitive methods-become available to permit direct measurement of the content of steroid hormones and gonadotrophins in the blood of individual subjects. A number of investigators have measured the levels of unconjugated testosterone, androstenedione, estrone and estradiol in ovarian venous plasma of the human (1-15). However, a study of these steroids in both ovarian and peripheral blood throughout the menstrual cycle has not previously been made. In this study we measured unconjugated testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), estrone (Ei), 17/3-