Charlotte Hardouin

Model Theory with Applications to Algebra and Analysis: On the definitions of difference Galois groups

We compare several definitions of the Galois group of a linear difference equation that have arisen in algebra, analysis and model theory and show, that these groups are isomorphic over suitable fields. In addition, we study properties of Picard-Vessiot extensions over fields with not necessarily algebraically closed subfields of constants.

Hypertranscendance des systèmes aux différences diagonaux

This paper deals with criteria of algebraic independence for the derivatives of solutions of diagonal difference systems. The key idea consists in deriving from the commutativity of the differentiation and difference operators a sequence of iterated extensions of the original difference module, thereby setting the problem in the framework of difference Galois theory and finally reducing it to an exercise in linear algebra on the group of divisors of the involved elliptic curve or torus.

Iterative q-difference Galois theory

We propose in this paper a Galois theory of

On the nature of the generating series of walks in the quarter plane

q

Difference algebraic relations among solutions of linear differential equations

-difference equations where q is a root of unity. This theory is the q difference analogue of the Galois theory of iterative differential equations, that is differential equations over fields of positive characteristic. This theory contains and generalizes the Galois theory of q difference equations developed by Singer and van der Put.

Calculating differential Galois groups of parametrized differential equations, with applications to hypertranscendence

In the present paper, we introduce a new approach, relying on the Galois theory of difference equations, to study the nature of the generating series of walks in the quarter plane. Using this approach, we are not only able to recover many of the recent results about these series, but also to go beyond them. For instance, we give for the first time hypertranscendency results, i.e., we prove that certain of these generating series do not satisfy any nontrivial nonlinear algebraic differential equation with rational function coefficients.

Differential Galois theory of linear difference equations

We extend and apply the Galois theory of linear differential equations equipped with the action of an endomorphism. The Galois groups in this Galois theory are difference algebraic groups and we use structure theorems for these groups to characterize the possible difference algebraic relations among solutions of linear differential equations. This yields tools to show that certain special functions are difference transcendent. One of our main results is a characterization of discrete integrability of linear differential equations with almost simple usual Galois group, based on a structure theorem for the Zariski dense difference algebraic subgroups of almost simple algebraic groups, which is a schematic version, in characteristic zero, of a result due to Z. Chatzidakis, E. Hrushovski and Y. Peterzil.

Descent for differential Galois theory of difference equations: confluence and q-dependence

The main motivation of our work is to create an efficient algorithm that decides hypertranscendence of solutions of linear differential equations, via the parameterized and differential Galois theories. To achieve this, we expand the representation theory of linear differential algebraic groups and develop new algorithms that calculate unipotent radicals of parameterized differential Galois groups for differential equations whose coefficients are rational functions. Berman and Singer presented an algorithm calculating the differential Galois group for differential equations without parameters whose differential operator is a composition of two completely reducible differential operators. We use their algorithm as a part of our algorithm. As a result, we find an effective criterion for the algebraic independence of the solutions of parameterized differential equations and all of their derivatives with respect to the parameter.