Cheng-Li Liu

Effects of presence on causing cybersickness in the elderly within a 3D virtual store

Along with elderly societys coming, computers with an internet connection used at home can provide this population a new channel to access to information and services, and can also be used to manage internet shopping tasks. One of the primary advantages of virtual environment (VE) technology applied in web shops is its ability to provide a 3D perspective to customers for more real sense on goods and shopping environment. The presence is a great appeal for the elderly experienced in the 3D virtual store. How to improve the presence of 3D virtual store is a challenge for the shopkeepers and programmers. But, whether it is easy to produce cybersickness in the elderly when the presence is improved, or not? The objectives of this study are to explore the effects of depth perception cues and display modes on presence and incidence of cybersickness in the elderly within a 3D virtual store. The results show that participants in high level depth perception cues with 3D monitor (with circular polarized glasses) will experience greater presence than other displays (HMD and TFT-LCD). However, a feeling of presence may add to the incidence of cybersickness(r = 0.671, p = 0.000). Although the feeling of presence in TFT-LCD display is poor than 3D monitor and HMD, the symptoms of cybersickness are the slightest.

Effects of depth perception cues and display types on presence and cybersickness in the elderly within a 3D virtual store

As the population ages, home computers with an Internet connection can provide the elderly with a new way to access information and services and manage Internet shopping tasks. One of the primary advantages of virtual environment (VE) technology for online shopping is its ability to provide a three-dimensional (3D) perspective to customers for a more realistic sense of the goods and the shopping environment. A sense of presence is one of the critical components required for an effective VE. However, side effects such as cybersickness may be caused by the display medium. When the quality of depth perception cues is poor, will the elderly’s experience of cybersickness influence their feeling of presence and performance of goods searching during exposure within a 3D virtual store with 3D displays? An experiment addressed associations among presence, cybersickness, and performance in a 3D virtual store with autostereoscopic, stereoscopic and monocular displays with good and poor depth perception cues in an elderly sample. The results showed that the virtual store with an autostereoscopic display with high-quality depth perception cues will produce good sense and realism in stereopsis to allow the elderly to experience presence within a virtual store. However, if the depth perception cues are poor, 3D displays, and especially stereoscopic displays, are not recommended; elderly users may lose interest in a 3D virtual store due to even more serious cybersickness than that experienced with a monocular display.

A neuro-fuzzy control alarm on momentum of driving behavior for detecting and combating driver fatigue

Car accidents are one of the major causes of death in modern society and driver fatigue is identified as one major risk factor. In this study, a neuro-fuzzy detecting and combating fatigue system, a possible more economical solution for detecting and combating driver fatigue, was developed. First, we surveyed and selected adaptive tendency indices (i.e. relative strength index (RSI), stochastic oscillators (KDL), and moving average convergence divergence (MACD)) based actual driving performance to predict driver fatigue and found that RSI, KDL, and MACD of vehicle speed indicated significantly different momentum before and after the occurrence of fatigue. RSI and MACD were also significant in lateral position, but were insignificant in steering wheel angle. Second, a neuro-fuzzy technology was used to integrate multi-tendency indices for exactly predicting fatigue and control alarm for combating fatigue. The experiment results showed that the neuro-fuzzy system could efficiently alert subjects for keeping concentration on traffic conditions. The alarm reducing some symptoms of fatigue is marginally significant.

Measurement and prediction of cybersickness on older users caused by a virtual environment

Recently the development of network technology is quickly, there are more and more VEs can be browsed on the Web, such as video games, digital museums and electronic shops. Therefore, the older web-users can easily immerse in a VE at home and become the fastest growing group of internet users. In general, these visitors browse the web-VEs on the field of TFT-LCD display. This study found that the SSQ scores of cybersickness increased significantly with increasing navigation rotating speed and exposure duration on older participants whilst the device of TFT-LCD displays are used to present the VE. Therefore, the cybersickness-predicting model was designed by fuzzy sets including speed of navigation rotation, angle of navigation rotation and exposure duration to evaluate the symptom of cybersickness for older users on TFT-LCD display in VE.

The development of an innovative design process for eco-efficient green products

Along with the technological advances and the rapid flow of information, people continue to create more innovative technology products in order to make life more convenience and comfortable than the past. However, huge industrial processes bring significant changes in the environment, the earths resources are getting to dry up, the natural environment and ozonosphere have been destroyed, and leading serious threats to the survival of the Earths species. Therefore, in recent years, environmental awareness began to be respected, and people explore green issues, hoping to make the earth resources and living things can be survival sustainable. This research attempts to integrate 39 engineering parameters of TRIZ with 7 eco-efficient elements to construct a green product design matrix, and use the patents of LED lights to verify the validity of this innovative green product design process. The green product design process of this research may allow designers to generate green products by improving eco-efficient elements as well as resolving conflict design issues, and assist organizations to increase competitiveness and to achieve sustainable development goals.

A Product Design Approach by Integrating Axiomatic Design and TRIZ

The purpose of this research intends to integrate the strengths of axiomatic design (AD) theory and theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ). This study establishes a systematic product design model by adopting some major tools from AD and TRIZ such as functional requirements, design parameters, design matrix, contradiction matrix and inventive principles. Furthermore, the proposed model’s efficiency is analyzed and evaluated by a case study of a Handheld GPS product. Results indicate that the design model which combines with two theories can find out the usability problems and solutions efficiently. When applying the proposed model on product redesign or new product development may avoid the cost waste and increase the design efficiency and usability during the product design and development processes.

Goods-Finding and Orientation in the Elderly on 3D Virtual Store Interface: The Impact of Classification and Landmarks

The internet 3D virtual store has received wide attention from researchers and practitioners due to the fact that it is one of the most killing applications customers can feel in a real shopping environment and possibly increase satisfaction. Though numerous studies have been performed on various issues of the internet store, some research issues relating to the spatial cognition of the elderly when immersed in a 3D virtual store still await further empirical investigation. The objective of this study was to examine how elderly users acquire spatial cognition in an on-screen virtual store. Specifically, the impact of presence and absence of goods-classification on the acquisition of route and survey knowledge was examined. Since landmarks are associated with both route and survey knowledge, we expected to observe the impact of different types of landmarks with both presence and absence of goods-classification. The experimental results indicated that the presence of goods-classification was more important in constructing route knowledge than in absence, and the time of duration of goods-finding would be shorter. However, we also found that the measuring scores of survey knowledge in presence of goods-classification were not significantly larger than in absence. In addition, the measuring scores of route knowledge were the largest and the time of duration of goods-finding was shorter while the presence of goods-classification combined with landmark in the type of alphanumeric + 2D picture + 3D object. Simultaneously, it could be found in absence of goods-classification. Therefore, while the goods-classification is absent, the landmarks could be seemed as redundant codes for goods-finding in 3D virtual store.

A Study of the Effects of Display Atmospherics and Control Mode of 3D Virtual Store on Consumer Behavior in the Elderly

Online shopping has become quite popular since its first arrival on the internet. Some research has indicated that the older population is growing rapidly worldwide and is becoming an increasingly important demographic to understand. However, previous studies on cognitive aging have found that certain aspects of human information-processing abilities are negatively correlated with age. This study will discuss the effects of online store atmospherics collocating with control mode applied on 3D virtual store vision displaying for improving usability and acceptability in the elderly. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the cognition and emotion of the elderly on 3D virtual store atmospherics and control mode. It was found that the recognition and presence was positively related to emotion for the elderly, and then, emotion is positively and directly related to customers’ behavioral intention. There was the best effect in recognition and presence by the central-cabinet layout.

An intelligent fuzzy control system with adapted interval for improving the supervisory performance in automation

Monitoring responsibilities include checking the automated operating system to make judgments and provide solutions. A loss of vigilance will lead to accidents if care is not taken. Therefore, emergency situations need to be quickly detected. The purpose of this study was to develop an intelligent fuzzy control system by using fuzzy sets to evaluate and improve the performance of supervisors. There are two input variables: fuzzy set