Chong Hyun Yoon

Transcatheter Arterial Embolization of Pulmonary Sequestration in Neonates: Long-term Follow-up Results

The purposes of this study are to describe experience with the safety and long-term efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of pulmonary sequestration in neonates and to introduce a new technique of embolization by an umbilical-artery route. TAE was performed in five neonates, via the femoral artery in one and the umbilical artery in four. Complete regression was achieved in four cases and partial regression (>90%) was obtained in one. TAE is a safe and effective alternative therapeutic modality for the treatment of pulmonary sequestration. The umbilical artery represents a preferable route for performing embolization in neonates.

Acute pancreatitis associated with biliary disease in children

Background and Aims:  Biliary disease is one of the most common causes of acute pancreatitis in adults; however, this cause and outcome in children have rarely been described in the literature. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the role of biliary disease as a cause of acute pancreatitis in children.

Long-term outcomes of pediatric living donor liver transplantation at a single institution

Oh SH, Kim KM, Kim DY, Lee YJ, Rhee KW, Jang JY, Chang SH, Lee SY, Kim J‐S, Choi BH, Park S‐J, Yoon CH, Ko G‐Y, Sung K‐B, Hwang G‐S, Choi K‐T, Yu E, Song G‐W, Ha T‐Y, Moon D‐B, Ahn C‐S, Kim K‐H, Hwang S, Park K‐M, Lee Y‐J, Lee S‐G. Long‐term outcomes of pediatric living donor liver transplantation at a single institution.
Pediatr Transplantation 2010: 14:870–878.

Neonatal pulmonary sequestration: clinical experience with transumbilical arterial embolization.

Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a rare congenital malformation of the lower respiratory tract. The exact natural course of PS is not well understood and there are no well‐established treatment guidelines for antenatally diagnosed PS. The aim of this study was to describe clinical outcomes in neonates with PS and to evaluate the efficacy of transumbilical arterial embolization (TUE). From 1998 to 2006, total 30 neonatal cases were included. Serial antenatal ultrasound in 26 cases found 6 (23%) regressed lesions, all of which were demonstrated on postnatal chest CT. Six (20%) cases were classified as mixed‐type (combined cystic) lesions. Surgery was performed early (during initial hospitalization) in two cases and lately (after the neonatal period) in four cases. TUE was performed for 17 (57%) cases of intrapulmonary PS. Follow‐up images obtained a median of 19 months (range, 4–51) after TUE demonstrated complete (9, 53%), partial (5, 29%), and no (3, 18%) regression. The regression rate was significantly higher in solid‐type lesions (13/13, 100%) than in mixed‐type (1/4, 25%) (P = 0.006). Complications included transient hypertension (two cases, 12%), post‐embolization fever (two cases, 12%) and migration of a microcoil (one case, 6%), without long‐term morbidities. Natural courses could be observed in 10 cases of extralobar PS and regression was observed in 2 cases (20%) during a median follow‐up of 12 months (range, 6–45). A well‐designed comparative study is warranted to evaluate the long‐term efficacy and safety of TUE. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:404–413.

Horseshoe lung: useful angiographic and bronchographic images using multidetector-row spiral CT in two infants

Horseshoe lung is a rare congenital pulmonary anomaly of childhood that can be accompanied with other anomalies. The diagnosis has historically been accomplished with invasive catheter angiography and bronchography rather than CT. Two infants with horseshoe lung were recently diagnosed with CT. We report the imaging findings in these two patients with emphasis on angiographic and bronchographic demonstration of key abnormalities of horseshoe lung using multidetector-row spiral CT.

Sonographic windsock sign of a duodenal web.

Abstract. We report a neonate with a duodenal web demonstrating the windsock appearance on US. In neonates, duodenal web is rare and its windsock appearance is also rarely seen. The windsock sign of duodenal web has been a well-known finding on upper gastrointestinal series. The corresponding windsock appearance may be demonstrated on US. Duodenal web can, therefore, be accurately diagnosed by identifying the sonographic windsock sign even in neonates.

Fetus-in-fetu in the scrotal sac of a newborn infant: imaging, surgical and pathological findings

Abstract. We report a case of fetus-in-fetu located in the scrotal sac of a newborn male infant. Plain radiography (including specimen radiography), ultrasonography and MRI clearly demonstrated vertebral column, ribs, skull, pelvic bones, femurs and a portion of tibiae and humeri. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathological examination.

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round-cell tumour: multiphase CT findings in two children

We report the multiphase CT findings of intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round-cell tumour (DSRCT) in two children. CT showed a huge heterogeneous intraperitoneal mass with or without direct invasion into solid organs such as liver or kidney, extensive intraperitoneal seeding, intratumoural calcification, ascites, and lymphadenopathy. DSRCT should be included in the differential diagnosis of malignant intraperitoneal neoplasm in children. Multiphase CT may be helpful in delineating tumour extent, vascularity and direct invasion into adjacent organs.

Improved outcomes in liver transplantation in children with acute liver failure.

Objective: The aim of our study was to review the experiences of a living donor–dominant transplantation program for children with acute liver failure (ALF). Methods: Data were derived from the retrospective chart review of 50 children with ALF in a major liver center in the Republic of Korea. Results: A total of 50 children with ALF underwent 47 (94%) primary living donor liver transplantations and 3 (6%) cadaveric liver transplantations. The cumulative survival rates of the grafts at 1 and 5 years were 81.9% and 79.2%, respectively. The overall retransplantation rate was 12%. The cumulative survival rates of these patients at 1 and 5 years were all 87.9%. Most incidents of mortality followed the failure of the preceding graft. We observed no mortalities among donors. Based on multivariate analysis, children who had pretransplant thrombocytopenia or had to use the molecular adsorbent recycling system preoperatively were related to the graft loss. Age younger than 2 years and a hyperacute onset (within 7 days) of hepatic encephalopathy were associated with pretransplant thrombocytopenia. Conclusions: Living donor–dominant transplantation program in the present study demonstrates tolerable achievements in terms of clinical outcomes of recipients and donors; however, putative factors, such as pretransplant thrombocytopenia, seem to play unclear roles in a poor prognosis following transplantation.

Immature Gastric Teratoma in an Infant: A Case Report

Gastric teratomas are extremely rare neoplasms and almost exclusively benign. They occur predominantly in males and generally present as a palpable abdominal mass. To our knowledge, only one adult case has been described in the Korean literature. We report a case in which an immature gastric teratoma in a 3-month-old boy was revealed by CT and US.