Christiana Brigitte Balan

The relationship between life expectancy at birth and health expenditures estimated by a cross-country and time-series analysis

In the last years, most countries experienced improved health outcomes as longevity increased steadily and infant mortality rate decreased, along with a growth of the health expenditures. The paper aims to analyze the relationship between the dynamics of the inputs and the outputs of health care systems. The input of the health care system is expressed by health care expenditures per capita (current US

Gender Employment Gap in EU before and after the Crisis

) and the output of the health care systems is expressed by life expectancy at birth (years). The data are collected for 175 world countries, grouped according to the geographic position and income level, over 16 years (1995-2010). We apply a panel data analysis to estimate life expectancy by a function of health expenditures. The obtained results show a significant relationship between health expenditures and life expectancy. Country effects are significant and show the existence of important differences among the countries.

THE VARIATION OF HEALTHY LIFE EXPECTANCY AND HEALTH EXPENSES IN EUROPE

Abstract The gender gap in European labour markets presents different patterns across countries and years. In the late decades, the participation of men decreased, while the participation of women increased. The recent global crisis had a different impact on the employment of men and women that is reflected by a narrower gender gap. The paper aims to analyse the variation of employment gap in EU and to identify the factors with significant influence. The data used in the paper concern the time span 2003-2012. The methods applied in the study of gender gap variation under the influence of influence factors are the analysis of variance and the fixed effects model. The results of the study prove that, after the crisis, the gender gap in employment in EU shows some convergence, though there is important variation among regions and by education levels.

Employment rate prognosis on the basis of the development environment trend displayed by years-clusters

Abstract In the paper we aim to study the European health systems by analysing the relationship between the outcome and the input of health systems. The indicator that measures the output is healthy life expectancy at birth and at 65 years of age for the female and male population. The input consists in the health expenses by type of health services and medical goods provided. We observe a sample of 21 European countries, including Romania, on health indicators, such as healthy life years and health expenses, available from Eurostat database. We applied both correlation and regression methods in order to study the variation of healthy life expectancy according to health expenses. The results of the study point out high variations of healthy life expectancy per country. One of the factors that explain these differences is the varying volume of resources allocated in order to fund health services.