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Dive into the research topics where Christoph Ehlers is active.

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Featured researches published by Christoph Ehlers.


American Heart Journal | 1995

Circadian variation of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias terminated by appropriate shocks in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator

Steffen Behrens; Miroslawa Galecka; Thomas Brüggemann; Christoph Ehlers; Stefan N. Willich; Wolfgang Ziss; Rüdiger Dissmann; Dietrich Andresen

To determine the circadian variation of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias, 78 consecutive patients with an implanted cardioverter defibrillator were analyzed with regard to the occurrence of spontaneous shock episodes during a mean follow-up period of 18 +/- 12 months. In 39 patients 207 shock episodes that terminated potentially life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias could be related to an exact time of onset. A circadian variation (p < 0.001) of these events was demonstrated, with a primary morning peak between 7 hours and 11 hours and a secondary, much smaller peak between 16 hours and 20 hours. This finding indicates the relevance of endogeneous or exogeneous triggers in the cause of malignant arrhythmias that potentially lead to sudden cardiac death. Subgroup analyses revealed an association of the circadian pattern to the New York Heart Association functional classification, indicating perhaps a different role of triggers in different patient populations.


Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology | 1997

Risk of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Survivors of Myocardial Infarction

Dietrich Andresen; Thomas Brüggemann; Steffen Behrens; Christoph Ehlers

The most recent studies have made it clear that the prognosis of asymptomatic post‐MI patients has significantly improved in the last two decades. Holter monitoring as well as a low LyEF still is an important method for the risk stratification in the thrombolytic era of patients with post‐MI. Patients with normal noninvasive tests do have a good prognosis. The electrophysiological stimulation seems to be the clinically most valuable single method to predict arrhythmic events. However, as an invasive procedure it is not suitable as a screening test for a large cohort. The stepwise risk stratification technique using first noninvasive followed by invasive procedures seem to be most suitable and effective for identifying asymptomatic infarct survivors which incidence of arrhythmic events is as high as the recurrence rate of patients who had been resuscitated from ventricular fibrillation. Consequently, prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in asymptomatic MI patients, whose positive predictive value is around 30% becomes more and more interesting.


Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology | 1997

Continuous QT Interval Measurements from 24‐Hour Electrocardiography and Risk after Myocardial Infarction

Thomas Brüggemann; Sven Eisenreich; Steffen Behrens; Christoph Ehlers; Dirk Müller; Dietrich Andresen

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the clinical value of QT analysis from Holter recordings in patients after myocardial infarction (Ml).


Herzschrittmachertherapie Und Elektrophysiologie | 1998

Risikostratifikation nach Myokardinfarkt

Dietrich Andresen; Thomas Brüggemann; Christoph Ehlers

Summary Recent studies have clearly indicated that the prognosis for asymptomatic post-infarct patients has improved in the last two years. This makes it more difficult to achieve a reliable identification of high-risk patients. The so-called “classical” risk stratification methods (longterm ECG, determination of the ejection fraction) are still important today for assessing the prognosis of post-infarct patients. Patients with normal test results from non-invasive methods have a good prognosis. The low positive predictive value, however, remains a problem which will also not be solved using new methods (heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity). Programmed ventricular stimulation may be the most suitable method for predicting arrhythmogenic events. However, it is an invasive method and may only be used in about half of the post-infarct patients, so that it is not suitable as a screening method. Whether it will be possible making use of non-invasive methods currently available to identify a population whose prognosis would be improved by using an implanted defibrillator remains to be demonstrated in future studies.Zusammenfassung Jüngste Studien machen deutlich, daß sich die Prognose von asymptomatischen Postinfarktpatienten in den letzten zwei Jahren verbessert hat. Dies erschwert die Möglichkeit einer zuverlässigen Identifizierung der Risikopatienten. Die sogenannten „klassischen” Risikostratifikations-Methoden (Langzeit-EKG, Bestimmung der Auswurffraktion) sind auch heute noch wichtige Methoden zur Abschätzung der Prognose von Postinfarktpatienten. Patienten mit normalem nichtinvasivem Testergebnis haben eine gute Prognose. Der niedrige positive prädiktive Wert bleibt allerdings ein Problem, das auch durch neue Methoden (Herzfrequenzvariabilität, Baroreflexsensitivität) nicht gelöst wird. Die programmierte Ventrikelstimulation dürfte am geeignetsten sein, arrhythmogene Ereignisse vorherzusagen. Sie ist allerdings invasiv und kann nur bei etwa der Hälfte der Postinfarktpatienten angewendet werden, so daß sie als Screening-Methode nicht infrage kommt. Ob es gelingt, mit Hilfe der derzeit zur Verfügung stehenden nichtinvasiven Methoden ein Kollektiv zu identifizieren, dessen Prognose durch einen implantierbaren Defibrillator verbessert wird, müssen zukünftige Studien prüfen.


Der Klinikarzt | 2007

Rationale und rationelle Synkopendiagnostik - Gründliche Anamnese ist Schlüssel zum Erfolg

Christoph Ehlers; Dietrich Andresen

Syncope is common. It may result in injury, can have a major impact on quality of life and is often associated with a poor prognosis. The evaluation of syncope is complex and often performed badly, drawing on flawed methods and incorrect assumptions. Following current guidelines significantly increases diagnostic efficacy. The most important diagnostic tool is a detailed and meticulous history. The history alone is diagnostic in up to 50 % of patients. The greatest concern should surround those patients with underlying heart disease who are at increased risk of sudden cardiac death. The use of an implantable loop-recorder may be diagnostic where comprehensive conventional work-up has been unhelpful.


Herzschrittmachertherapie Und Elektrophysiologie | 2000

Stellenwert des implantierbaren Looprekorders im Rahmen der Diagnostik von Synkopen

Christoph Ehlers; Thomas Brüggemann; M. Wiedemann; Dietrich Andresen

Summary Up to 30% of the western population experience at least one syncope during their lifetime. The prognosis is considered to be good in patients without structural heart disease. However, for patients with cardiac syncope and impaired left ventricular function, incrased mortality rates were shown in several studies. Diagnostic procedures to clarify the underlying mechanism of syncope are both time and moneyconsuming. In addition, they do not always lead to a conclusive diagnosis because pathologic test results can rarely be documented parallel to the typical clinical symptoms. Therefore, physicians usually depend on assumptions to make a decision. Even today, after thorough invasive and noninvasive tests, 20% of patients with syncope remain undiagnosed. Insertable loop recorders were expected to obtain a close correlation between symptoms and arrhythmias particularly in these patients. First results with insertable loop recorders in patients with recurrent syncope or presyncope of unknown origin after conventional diagnostic procedures show an additional diagnostic yield of nearby 60% (proof or exclusion of arrhythmogenic syncope). Although the implantation procedure appears to be minimally traumatic, the rate of local complications should not be underestimated. Calculations of cost-effectiveness suggest that an increase in diagnostic yield and avoidance of less effective tests may at least partly compensate additional costs of the system. Loop recorders therefore should be taken into consideration early, when cardiac syncope is suspected. The decision between external and insertable devices only depends on episode frequency.Zusammenfassung: Bis zu 30% aller Menschen erleiden im Laufe ihres Lebens eine Synkope. Während die Prognose bei Patienten ohne strukturelle Herzerkrankung meist als gut beurteilt wird, zeigen zahlreiche Untersuchungen eine erhöhte Mortalität z. B. bei Patienten mit kardialen Synkopen und eingeschränkter Ventrikelfunktion. Die aus diesem Grunde erforderliche Diagnostik ist aufwendig und mit erheblichen Kosten verbunden. Sie führt jedoch meist nicht zur definitiven Klärung der Synkopenursache, da die Erhebung pathologischer Untersuchungsbefunde zeitgleich mit dem Auftreten der klinischen Symptome nur selten gelingt. Der Arzt ist daher bei der Interpretation der Befunde auf Analogschlüsse angewiesen.Auch nach umfassender Diagnostik mit nichtinvasiven und invasiven Methoden liegt der Anteil ungeklärter Synkopen heutzutage bei etwa 20%. In diesen Fällen soll mit dem implantierbaren Looprekorder eine Symptom-Rhythmus-Korrelation erzielt werden. Nach den ersten vorliegenden Daten bei Patienten mit rezidivierenden Präsynkopen und Synkopen, deren Ursache mittels konventioneller Diagnostik nicht geklärt werden konnte, ist der Nachweis oder Ausschluss einer rhythmogenen Synkope mit dem implantierbaren Looprekorder bei etwa 60% der Patienten möglich. Trotz der einfachen und wenig traumatischen Implantationsprozedur sollte jedoch das Auftreten lokaler Komplikationen nicht unterschätzt werden. Modellrechnungen zur Kosteneffektivität legen nahe, dass durch gezieltere Diagnostik unter Vermeidung wenig effektiver Tests und durch Steigerung des diagnostischen Nutzens die zusätzlichen Kosten für solche Systeme zumindest teilweise kompensiert werden können. Ein Looprekorder sollte daher bei Verdacht auf rezidivierende kardiale Synkopen möglichst frühzeitig eingesetzt werden. Die Entscheidung zwischen externem und implantierbarem Looprekorder ist abhängig von der Episodenhäufigkeit.


Herzschrittmachertherapie Und Elektrophysiologie | 2000

Amiodaron und Beta-Blocker: Kombination besser als die Monotherapie?

Dietrich Andresen; Christoph Ehlers; Thomas Brüggemann

Summary The EMIAT as well as the CAMIAT trial were able to show that amiodarone is capable of significantly reducing the rate of arrhythmic events including sudden cardiac death in comparison to placebo. Especially patients with a concomitant beta-blocker therapy have an excellent clinical outcome. This finding was further investigated by the pooled analysis of the ECMA group (EMIAT-CAMIAT-Meta-Analysis). The annual rate of arrhythmic events was 5.4% in the placebo group. 4.7% in patients treated with amiodarone, 3.4% in patients treated with beta-blocker, and as low as 1.3% in patients treated with both drugs (p = 0.02). However, this impressive reduction should not bring us to the point that a combination of amiodarone and beta-blocker be given to each patient following myocardial infarction prophylactically on a routing basis. The reason for that is as follows: (1) ECMA is a retrospective analysis of pooled data, (2) both studies differ in inclusion criteria and end points, (3) clinical characteristics are not comparable in subgroups, and (4) no significant reduction for total mortality was observed for the pooled analysis nor in the EMIAT and CAMIAT trials alone.We conclude that beta-blocker is a standard therapy for patients following myocardial infarction. Amiodarone is the antiarrhythmic drug of choice, if symptomatic arrhythmias have to be suppressed. There is no need to stop a concomitant beta-blocker therapy. This antiarrhythmic combination therapy is a good option for cases with symptomatic arrhythmias, if the indication for antiarrhythmic therapy is set up strictly, the initiation of the therapy starts with low doses, and the patients are monitored carefully by regular clinical visits.Zusammenfassung: Sowohl in EMIAT als auch in CAMIAT konnte Amiodaron im Vergleich zu Placebo die Rate arrhythmogener Ereignisse einschließlich des plötzlichen Herztodes signifikant senken. Besonders hatten diejenigen Patienten von einer Amiodaron-Therapie profitiert, die zusätzlich mit Beta-Blocker behandelt wurden. In einer gepoolten Analyse (ECMA: EMIAT-CAMIAT-Meta-Analysis) wurde diesem Aspekt noch einmal besondere Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet. Die jährliche Rate arrythmogener Ereignisse betrug in der unbehandelten Gruppe 5,4% in der nur mit Amiodaron und nur mit Beta-Blocker behandelten Gruppe 4,7 bzw. 3,4% und lediglich 1,3% bei denen, die sowohl mit Amiodaron als auch Beta-Blocker behandelt wurden (p = 0,02). Diese zweifellos eindrucksollen Zahlen sollten jedoch nicht Anlass geben, routinemäßig Postinfarktpatienten prophylaktisch mit einer Amiodaron/Beta-Blocker-Kombinationstherapie zu behandeln. Denn: (1) handelt es sich um eine retrospektive Analyse von gepoolten Daten, (2) waren die Einschlusskriterien und Endpunkte beider Studien unterschiedlich, (3) waren die einzelnen Untergruppen bezüglich ihrer klinischen Daten nicht vergleichbar und (4) war wie in den Einzelstudien die Senkung der arrhythmogenen Ereignisse nicht begleitet von einer statistisch signifikanten Senkung der Gesamtsterblichkeit.Schlussfolgerung: Für Postinfarktpatienten gehört der Beta-Blocker zur Standardtherapie. Sollte aufgrund symptomatischer Rhythmusstörungen eine “Extrasystolen-unterdrückende” Therapie erforderlich sein, so ist Amiodaron das Antiarrhythmikum der Wahl. Eine bereits bestehende Beta-Blocker-Therapie braucht dann auch nicht abgesetzt zu werden. Bei sorgfältiger Indikationsstellung, einschleichender Dosierung und regelmäßigen Kontrollen ist eine antiarrhythmische Kombinationstherapie in diesen Fällen ein gutes antiarrhythmisches Therapieprinzip.


computing in cardiology conference | 1994

Heart rate variability for risk stratification after acute myocardial infarction in the thrombolytic era

Thomas Brüggemann; D. Weiss; A. Chorianopoulos; J. Rose; K. Wegscheider; Heinz Völler; Steffen Behrens; Christoph Ehlers; Dietrich Andresen

Investigations involving large populations of post myocardial infarction (MI) patients from the pre-thrombolytic era have demonstrated that a reduced heart rare variability (HRV) is an important factor for the prediction of cardiac mortality. However, little is known whether this prognostic value will persist in an era where thrombolytic therapy and other interventions such as PTCA are available. Therefore, 322 patients of less than 75 years were studied prospectively in a study of consecutively included post MI patients with a total follow-up of 12 months each. Thrombolytic therapy was applied in 69% of the cases. 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring included an analysis of arrhythmias and ST segment changes as well as the calculation of 12 HRV parameters in time domain. In addition, the ejection fraction (EF) was determined using radionuclide ventriculography at hospital discharge. Furthermore data from the medical history and the clinical course were recorded. Univariate as well as multivariate analysis revealed an independent prognostic value of HRV parameters from the low frequency range for cardiac mortality in the first year after acute MI. However, the most important factor was older age and an impaired left ventricular function.<<ETX>>


Clinical Cardiology | 1997

Modification of the circadian pattern of ventricular tachyarrhythmias by beta‐blocker therapy

Steffen Behrens; Christoph Ehlers; Thomas Brüggemann; Wolfgang Ziss; Rüdiger Dissmann; Miroslawa Galecka; Stefan N. Willich; Dietrich Andresen


Der Klinikarzt | 2007

Rationale und rationelle Synkopendiagnostik - Grndliche Anamnese ist Schlssel zum Erfolg

Christoph Ehlers; Dietrich Andresen

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Steffen Behrens

Free University of Berlin

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Wolfgang Ziss

Free University of Berlin

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Steffen Behrens

Free University of Berlin

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D. Weiss

Free University of Berlin

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