Christoph Manuel Meyer

Distributed Decision Making in Combined Vehicle Routing and Break Scheduling

The problem of combined vehicle routing and break scheduling comprises three subproblems: clustering of customer requests, routing of vehicles, and break scheduling. In practice, these subproblems are usually solved in the interaction between planners and drivers. We consider the case that the planner performs the clustering and the drivers perform the routing and break scheduling. To analyze this problem, we embed it into the framework of distributed decision making proposed by Schneeweiss (Eur J Oper Res 150(2):237–252, 2003). We investigate two different degrees of anticipation of the drivers’ planning behaviour using computational experiments. The results indicate that in this application a more precise anticipation function results in better objective values for both the planner and the drivers.

Cooling conditions for the generation of bulk metallic glasses by droplet deposition

Abstract The cooling rate during material processing until glass transition rate is the key parameter for the production of bulk metallic glasses. But in the past, little attention has been paid to advanced production techniques such as deposition of molten metal sprays or spray forming, which offer elevated cooling rates. In this work, cooling conditions during spray forming were investigated due to its utmost importance for producing amorphous structures. Spray forming is treated in this work as a three step cooling process consisting of droplet flight phase, splat phase and deposit phase. All cooling steps were simulated for different droplet sizes. The surface temperature of the deposit was found to play an important role in the production of metallic glasses via spray forming. The simulation model can be used to find suitable spray conditions for the generation of bulk metallic glasses.

A Model for the Traveling Salesman Problem Including the EC Regulations on Driving Hours

Since April 2007 the new EC Regulation No 561/2006 concerning driving hours in road transport is effective. This regulation restricts the length of time periods for driving and requires minimum breaks and rest periods for drivers [2]. An analysis of the EC Regulation with respect to vehicle routing can be found in [3]. In this paper the restrictions on driving times and the need for breaks are formalized and integrated in an optimization model of the TSPTW. The solution space of the extended traveling salesman problem with time windows and EUconstraints (TSPTW-EU) contains all Hamiltonian circuits which full the given time windows and restrictions of the Regulation relevant for a time period up to one week. The presented approach for extending the TSPTW to the TSPTW-EU is also applicable for the extension of the VRPTW and PDPTW, thus offering a possibility to include the EC Regulations in vehicle routing and scheduling.

Restrictions for the Operational Transportation Planning by Regulations on Drivers’ Working Hours

In this paper the new EC Regulation No 561/2006 and related regulations on drivers’ working hours as well as their influence on vehicle routing will be discussed. Therefore all rules of the regulation affecting vehicle routing are presented and classified according to the different but interconnected time horizons they refer to. Essential consequences of ignoring the regulations during the planning process are discussed and demonstrated using an example. Furthermore general aspects of modelling the restrictions are presented.

Vehicle Routing under Consideration of Driving and Working Hours

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