Christopher F. Bell

Treating early versus treating mild: timing of migraine prescription medications among patients with diagnosed migraine.

Introduction.—Although research suggests that early treatment of migraine headache when the pain is mild results in better outcomes for patients, many patients delay taking their acute‐migraine medication until their headaches are moderate or severe. Understanding when and why patients use their migraine medications is an important first step to improve migraine management.

The burden of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: An international, cross-sectional study

Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the total cost of illness and economic burden of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods: Patients with DMD from Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, and United States were identified through Translational Research in Europe–Assessment & Treatment of Neuromuscular Diseases registries and invited to complete a questionnaire online together with a caregiver. Data on health care use, quality of life, work status, informal care, and household expenses were collected to estimate costs of DMD from the perspective of society and caregiver households. Results: A total of 770 patients (173 German, 122 Italian, 191 from the United Kingdom, and 284 from the United States) completed the questionnaire. Mean per-patient annual direct cost of illness was estimated at between

Results of an economic model to assess the cost-effectiveness of enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, versus warfarin for the prophylaxis of deep vein thrombosis and associated long-term complications in total hip replacement surgery in the United States

23,920 and

Can Migraineurs Accurately Identify Their Headaches as “Migraine” at Attack Onset?

54,270 (2012 international dollars), 7 to 16 times higher than the mean per-capita health expenditure in these countries. Indirect and informal care costs were substantial, each constituting between 18% and 43% of total costs. The total societal burden was estimated at between

Clinical and epidemiologic burden of chronic myelogenous leukemia

80,120 and

Compliance to Care Guidelines for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

120,910 per patient and annum, and increased markedly with disease progression. The corresponding household burden was estimated at between

Assessing the impact of migraine onset on work productivity.

58,440 and

Economic Model of First-Line Drug Strategies to Achieve Recommended Glycaemic Control in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

71,900. Conclusions: We show that DMD is associated with a substantial economic burden. Our results underscore the many different costs accompanying a rare condition such as DMD and the considerable economic burden carried by affected families. Our description of the previously unknown economic context of a rare disease serves as important intelligence input to health policy evaluations of intervention programs and novel therapies, financial support schemes for patients and their families, and the design of future cost studies.

A randomized, controlled trial of gabapentin enacarbil in subjects with neuropathic pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

BACKGROUND Premature death due to pulmonary embolism is a short-term complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The long-term clinical course after DVT can be further complicated by excess mortality, recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), and the post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS), which may produce sizable long-term economic burdens. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of the low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) enoxaparin versus warfarin for the universal prophylaxis of DVT and associated long-term complications in US patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery (THRS). METHODS A model was constructed to assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of the 2 treatments. Patients undergoing THRS were exposed to a short-term risk of developing a DVT. Patients surviving a DVT were exposed to increased risk of long-term complications of DVT, including PTS, recurrent VTE, and increased mortality. Published literature, augmented by expert opinion, served as input for the models resource use and costs for DVT prophylaxis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of DVT, VTE, and PTS. RESULTS When the analysis included only the short-term consequences of DVT, therapy with enoxaparin resulted in a net cost of

Health-related quality of life in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a multinational, cross-sectional study.

133 per patient and a net increase of 0.04 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) per patient. Thromboprophylaxis with enoxaparin versus warfarin resulted in