Chul Hwan Kim

Mankyua (Ophioglossaceae): a new fern genus from Cheju Island, Korea

Mankyua chejuense gen. & sp. nov. (Ophioglossaceae) is described from a lowland swampy area of Cheju Island off the south coast of the Korean Peninsula. The diagnostic characters include: (1) ternately divided compound trophophore; (2) linear and fleshy sporophore branched at base; and (3) creeping rhizome with proliferous roots. The new fern is somewhat morphologically related to Helminthostachys and Ophioglossum, but distinct enough to merit generic status.

Conservation status of the endemic fern Mankyua chejuense (Ophioglossaceae) on Cheju Island, Republic of Korea

© 2004 FFI, Oryx, 38(2), 217–219 DOI: 10.1017/S0030605304000377 Printed in the United Kingdom 217 Abstract Mankyua chejuense, a fern endemic to Cheju Island, Republic of Korea, which lies 120 km south of the Korean Peninsula, appears to be restricted to five extant subpopulations in the north-east of the Island, with a total population of c. 1,300 individuals. Major threats to the existence of the species include shifting cultivation, plantation, overuse of basaltic rocks that are part of the species’ microhabitat, farming and pasturage, and the construction of roads and golf courses in lowland areas. The information currently available for the species indicates that it should be categorized as Critically

Infrageneric classification of the genusEleutherococcus maxim. (Araliaceae) with a new sectionCissifolius

The genusEleutherococcus Maxim, is divided into five sections based on the morphology;Eleutherococcus, Cissifolius C.H. Kim and B.-Y. Sun (sect, nov.),Acanthopanax (Decne. & Planch.) H. Ohashi,Cephalopanax (Baill.) H. Ohashi andZanthoxylopanax (Harms) H. Ohashi. SectionAcanthopanax is further divided into two subsections;Acanthopanax andIonostachyae (Nakai) C.H. Kim & B.-Y Sun (comb. nov.). The new sectCissifolius is distinguished from others in having five fused carpels with free styles, solitary umbels at the end of branches, dioecious sexuality, and absence of tufted hairs in abaxial surface of leaf veins. The new section is most closely related toAcanthopanax in having free styles, solitary umbels, and dioecious sexuality. It is also related toEleutherococcus in having five carpels and lacking tufted hairs on abaxial surface of leaves. SectionCephalopanax shares all characteristics other than the number of carpels withEleutherococcus. SectionZanthoxylopanax is closely related toAcanthopanax in having two carpels with free styles, while it is also related toCephalopanax by having bisexual flowers and umbels arranged in a simple cyme. Considering the evolutionary trend in the family Araliaceae, five-carpellate sectionsEleutherococcus andCissifolius are more primitive than two-carpellate sectionsAcanthopanax, Cephalopanax, andZanthoxylopanax. SectionZanthoxylopanax seems to be intermediate betweenAcanthopanax andCephalopanax.

A biosystematic study on polyploid populations of the genusSpiraea (Rosaceae) in Korea

A total of 61 chromosome counts from 11 taxa of Korean Spiraea was made. Our counts are the first report for eight taxa;S. blumei (2n=18, 36),S. chartacea (2n=36),S. chinensis (2n=36),S. fritschiana (2n=27, 36),S. microgyna (2n=18),S. prunifolia var.simpliciflora (2n=18),S. pseudocrenata (2n=36), andS. trichocarpa (2n=18). A new chromosome number of 2n=36 (tetraploid) is reported forS. pubescence. Populations of three species includingS. blumei, S. pubescence and .V.fritschiana, show different ploidy levels; diploid and tetraploid populations are found in the former two species and triploid and tetraploid ones, in latter species. Multiplication of chromosome numbers contributes to increase in size of pollen and stomata in the three species. Populations with different ploidy levels inS. blumei occupy different regions; diploid populations in inland Korea and tetraploid ones in Ullung Island. Island tetraploid population of 5.blumei might be originated from intra-island polyploidization through the introduction of diploid from inland Korea, considering the worldwide distribution of this species. Pollen fertilities of island populations of ,S′.blumei are relatively low, and sometimes no pollen grain is produced in anther sacs; it suggests that tetraploid population of the island is gynodioecious which may serve reduction of inbreeding depression.

Unrecorded species from Korean flora: Maesa japonica (Thunb.) Moritzi & Zoll. [Maesaceae] and Cardamine tanakae Franch. & Sav. [Brassicaceae]

제주도에서 한국 미기록과인 빌레나무과 (Maesaceae)의 빌레나무 (Maesa japonica)와 십자화과의 꼬마냉이 (Cardamine tanakae)가 채집되었다. 빌레나무과는 Maesa, 1속으로 구성된 과로서 소화경에 한 쌍의 소포엽이 있으며, 가웅예가 없고, 준자방하위이며, 다수의 종자를 갖는 폐과인 점 등으로 자금우과와 앵초과 식물과 구별된다. 빌레나무는 엽신, 화관 및 소포엽의 형태, 엽연부의 거치의 유무, 화통과 화관열편의 길이의 비율, 과실 표면의 특성 및 색깔에 의해 각각 중국, 대만 및 일본에 분포하는 M. salicifolia와 M. montana var. formosana와 뚜렷하게 구별되었다. 꼬마냉이는 경생엽의 소엽 수 및 정소엽의 크기, 한 화서에 붙는 꽃의 수, 자방 및 열매의 백색 연모의 유무의 특징에 의해 국내 고유종인 벌깨냉이 (C. glechomifolia)와 명백히 구분되었다.