Chunmei Cao

Effect of Active Workstation on Energy Expenditure and Job Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Recently developed active workstation could become a potential means for worksite physical activity and wellness promotion. The aim of this review was to quantitatively examine the effectiveness of active workstation in energy expenditure and job performance. METHODS The literature search was conducted in 6 databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscuss, Web of Science, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, and Scopuse) for articles published up to February 2014, from which a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. RESULTS The cumulative analysis for EE showed there was significant increase in EE using active workstation [mean effect size (MES): 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22 to 1.72, P < .0001]. Results from job performance indicated 2 findings: (1) active workstation did not affect selective attention, processing speed, speech quality, reading comprehension, interpretation and accuracy of transcription; and (2) it could decrease the efficiency of typing speed (MES: -0.55; CI: -0.88 to -0.21, P < .001) and mouse clicking (MES: -1.10; CI: -1.29 to -0.92, P < .001). CONCLUSION Active workstation could significantly increase daily PA and be potentially useful in reducing workplace sedentariness. Although some parts of job performance were significantly lower, others were not. As a result there was little effect on real-life work productivity if we made a good arrangement of job tasks.

Functional aging impairs the role of feedback in motor learning.

Optimal motor skill acquisition frequently requires augmented feedback or knowledge of results (KR). However, the effect of functional declines on the benefits of KR remains to be determined. The objective of this research was to examine how cognitive and motor deficits of older adults influence the use of KR for motor skill learning.

The relationship between family history of cancer, coping style and psychological distress

Objective: To investigate the relationship between family history of cancer, coping style and psychological distress. Methods: Total 80 patients with family history of cancer and 72 normal controls were analyzed using self-reporting inventory (SCL-90), coping style scale and impact of event scale-revised (IES-R). Results: 1. Between the two groups of patients, there were significant differences in anxiety, depression, cancer-specific distress and coping style. 2. Psychological distress (anxiety, depression and cancer-specific distress) had positive correlation with negative coping style and family history. 3. Negative coping style played an intermediary role in the family history and psychological distress. Conclusion: The negative coping style will predispose to a more stronger psychological distress among the individuals with family history of cancer.

Studies on Results of Biofeedback in Springboard Diving Training

The purpose of this study was to determine whether biofeedback could promote the efficiency of springboard diving training. Eight athletes took part in this subject, which were divided into two groups - experimental group and contrast group. The experimental group used biofeedback techniques while the contrast group did not use, at the same time other related arrangements keep same. After three months of training, we tested various abilities of athletes. The results showed that: 1) bio-feedback technology can promote the training efficiency in springboard diving skills training. For athletes to learn new actions the use of biofeedback techniques can give great help to skill training, while for the old actions learning, the role of bio-feedback technology is not as significant as new action, but experimental group still showed better skills, 2) Through the analysis of the model, improving the stability of players is one mean of biofeedback technology to improve training efficiency, 3) the depth of the springboard is the necessary conditions for a higher height, while the cycle of takeoff has no relationship with the height.

Research on the Quantitative Evaluation of Cooperation between Boat and Oar in Canoe

The canoe is an event that athletes use a paddle on one side of the boat to row, by harmonizing muscle groups in upper- and lower-limbs and trunk, so research on the cooperation among human, oars and boat is most important to improve athletes technology and performance. In this paper, we measured 7 kinematic parameters, such as force and angles (pitching and upset) of oar, speed and angles (pitching and upset) of boat, frequency, during the process of which 6 national athletes rowed as fast as they could. We constructed kinematic model of each parameter, and on the base of these models we analyzed the cooperative relationship between human and oar, human and boat. The results showed that: (1) These models based on methods of normalizing and averaging could describe the technical characteristics of athletes, and variance and correlation analysis methods could analyze quantitatively the co-ordination between human and oar, human and boat which provided ways to real-time assess athletes specialized skill.(2) Combined with the process of phasing paddle method, quantitative method evaluated the relationship between human and oar, human and boat which established the basis of understanding particular technique for coaches. At the same time, we found that the rowing skill of national athletes was most steady in the process of preparation phase and power stages, less steady in the process of grasp and orientation phase. (3) The pitching angle was most consistent during the period of rowing, otherwise the upset angle was most differential. The steady of boat was consistent with the upset angle.

Analyses on the Front Problem of Sports Science in the World

Research on the articles published on world leading technology journal articles in recent three years, this paper analyzes hot issues and difficult problems in the field of world sports science, and concluded a brief overview of its research progress. Four areas of current research findings are focused on: gene and training, skeletal muscle, connective tissue and bone dynamics, muscle stem cells. On this basis, considering technology and levels of domestic research, research emphases of Chinas current sports science and importance to the development of competitive sports are going to be put forward.

The design and exploitation of visual feedback system for rowing

Based on Neural Mechanism theory of short-term memory, a predigested model was established. It demonstrated learning, establishment and strengthening process concerning with the motor pattern domination of highlevel nerve center system. According to the model three feedback loops and their dialectic correlation were synthetically analyzed during rowing athletes studied the technique in training. The analyzed results provided the technical requests and measuring parameters of the system, then, a visual feedback system for rowing was designed and developed. This system has been primarily used in the national rowing team.