Claire Budgen

A review of undergraduate university tobacco control policy process in Canada

The college years occur during the stage of life when many people develop permanent smoking habits, and approximately one-third go on to become addicted smokers. The 18-24 year demographic that makes up the majority of undergraduate attendees represents the earliest years that the tobacco industry now can legally attempt to lure new customers into smoking. This research investigated the ways in which university tobacco control policies are developed, introduced to students, faculty and staff and how they are implemented and enforced. Findings show that tobacco control initiatives at Canadian undergraduate universities face a wide range of challenges including a lack of dedicated and consistent tobacco control personnel, ownership issues, funding, enforcement and monitoring dilemmas. Participants also reported that the layout and geographic location of the campus can result in difficulties in implementation. Consequently, it appears that there may be a growing, although inadvertent, tolerance for smoking on Canadian campuses.

Creating a Healthier Campus Community Using Action Research and Health Promotion Strategies: Students and Organizational Leaders as Partners

Although young adults are generally healthy, they often engage in risky behaviours and establish lifestyle patterns that have costly immediate and long-term health impacts (e.g. poor nutrition, inactivity, substance misuse). Many young people attend colleges and universities making campuses an ideal setting for interventions. Setting based health promotion approaches have been used to improve health of populations and communities, including campus communities, however, creating change that is meaningful to students and also organizational leaders (non-students) has been difficult. In 2006 at a rapidly growing campus in Canada, a program of research was started to increase knowledge about healthy campus development. The VOICE Study uses community based participatory action reThe International Journal of Health, Wellness and Society Volume 1, 2011, http://HealthandSocietyJournal.com/, ISSN 2156-8960 ©Common Ground, Claire Budgen, Doris Callaghan, Diane Gamble, RobynWiebe, Christopher Reimer, Melissa Feddersen, Shannon Dunn, Rob Johnson, Natalie McHugh, Heidi Morrison, Kelli Sullivan, Ian Cull, Alaa Abd-El-Aziz, All Rights Reserved, Permissions: cg-support@commongroundpublishing.com search methods in combination with setting based health promotion strategies. Students and organizational leaders (non-students) work as co-researchers and project partners to identify priority health issues and create health promoting change (individual and community levels). While the idea of campus community members working together on health related issues is appealing to many, diverse views exist about the responsibility of post-secondary institutions to promote health; some prefer an individual responsibility or consumer model. An ecosystem model of health and community informs this study. Photographic, quantitative and qualitative research methods have been used according to questions of interest. Action groups have been formed around diverse topics, for example, drinking water, “real” food, natural environment, physical activity, transportation and student space. Results indicate that the process of creating change through use of a methodological framework combining action research, setting based health promotion and youth/adult partnerships, is highly effective. Diverse students (youth) and organizational leaders (adults must be full partners throughout the process. Patience, persistence and a sense of humor are basic requirements. The results appear to be transferable to other settings when the egalitarian values embedded in the methodological framework are explicit, and the community designs the specifics (e.g. issues, actions) to fit their context. Study processes, outcomes, challenges and successes are discussed, followed by a case study on campus food to illustrate more specifically the use of the methodological framework and results.