Clarence E. Albertson

The Mechanism of Anti-Squawk Additive Behavior in Automatic Transmission Fluids

A theory of anti-squawk additive behavior was formulated based on diffusion and boundary lubricant formation. Friction tests were run with common friction surfaces in a common white paraffin oil containing different anti-squawk additives and analyzed to evaluate the theory. The data indicated dynamic friction was diffusion controlled at any given additive concentration. Additive concentration was not controlling dynamic friction at concentrations above 0.001 moles per liter, although the dynamic frictional behavior of zinc stearate solutions was concentration dependent below 0.001 moles per liter. Static friction data for zinc stearate followed a Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Friction changes caused by boundary lubricants were proportional to the amount of boundary lubricant on the friction surfaces. Contributed by the ASLE Technical Committee on Lubrication Fundamentals and presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Lubrication Engineers held in New York, April, 1963.

A Method of Normalizing Dynamic Friction Data

A method was described to normalize wear-induced changes in the dynamic friction of surfaces lubricated with an additive in oil solution. Changing dynamic friction data were normalized by comparing them at equivalent degrees of boundary lubrication, determined by measuring the coefficient of friction of the surfaces in neat white oil. Friction tests were made with three different additives to demonstrate the method and its validity. Presented as an American Society of Lubrication Engineers paper at the ASME/ASLE Lubrication Conference held in Atlantic City, New Jersey, October 8–10, 1968.