Claudia Álvarez

Determinants of female entrepreneurship in Spain: an institutional approach

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the factors that influence female entrepreneurship in Spain, using institutional economics as the theoretical framework. The empirical research uses Spanish regional-level panel data (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and National Statistics Institute of Spain) covering the period 2003–2010. The main findings indicate that informal factors (recognition of entrepreneurial career and female networks) are more relevant for female entrepreneurship than formal factors (education, family context and differential of income level). The research contributes both theoretically (advancing knowledge with respect to environmental factors that affect female entrepreneurship), and practically (for the design of support policies and educational programmes to foster female entrepreneurial activity).

Intrapreneurship in the Spanish context: a regional analysis

Abstract The objective of this article is to examine the influence of internal and external (environmental) factors on intrapreneurship in the Spanish context, considering differences among regions. Methodologically, the study applies logistic regression and uses data from the Spanish Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for the year 2011. The main findings of the research show through a double conceptual framework (resource-based theory and institutional economics) the direct effect of both internal factors – opportunity recognition and social capital – and environmental factors – fear of failure and education – on intrapreneurship. In addition, the role of fear of failure is reinforced as it has the indirect (moderating) effect; this effect is particularly relevant in lower income regions. The study contributes both theoretically (developing literature and provoking discussion in the field of intrapreneurship) and empirically (providing useful insights for the design of governmental policies for fostering entrepreneurial activities within firms).

Born Globals From the Resource-Based Theory: a Case Study in Colombia

This paper describes how a born global firm goes into international market from inception at its early years. The objective of this paper is to analyze from the resource-based theory how a born global firm engages in international market. This empirical investigation has been carried out as an explorative single-case study, a high-tech firm, Digital Partner, based in Medellin, Antioquia. The main findings of the research show that organizational capabilities based on intellectual capital are crucial for the development of a born global. Thus, capabilities such as entrepreneurship, global vision, internationally market knowledge, learning management, IT capabilities, technological innovation, collaborative work, networks and customer orientation are recurrent and they correspond to other similar research results. Contributions of the study are both academic (for the advance of the research in born global field) and practical (for the design of governmental policies to foster born global firms).

Social Entrepreneurship and Institutional Conditions: An Empirical Analysis in Spain

This chapter analyzes the relationship between social entrepreneurship and institutional factors in the Spanish context, using institutional economics as the conceptual framework. To achieve this objective, we use models of logistic regression analysis, and specifically Rare Events Logistic Regression (RELOGIT), based on data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). The main findings demonstrate that informal institutions, such as fear of failure and perception of entrepreneurial skills, and formal institutions, such as access to funding and education, influence social entrepreneurial activity in Spain. Likewise, our data supports that informal institutions are more important than formal ones for promoting social entrepreneurship. The study contributes advancing theory on the field of social entrepreneurship and also could be useful for the design of government policies on the promotion of social entrepreneurial activity.