Claudia Godoy

Gastrointestinal parasite fauna of gentoo penguins ( Pygoscelis papua ) from the Península Munita, Bahía Paraíso, Antarctica

An increase in interest in the diseases of seabirds has developed as a part of a worldwide strategy for environmental conservation (Clarke & Kerry 1993, Jones & Shellam 1999). According to Clarke & Kerry (1993) most studies on penguin enteroparasites were published before 1986 and most of them are post mortem diagnoses. This paper provides new data on the intestinal parasitic fauna of gentoo penguins nesting on the Antarctic Península.

Clinical Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in Non-Surgical Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial With 1-Year Follow-Up

BACKGROUND Probiotics are living microorganisms that provide beneficial effects for the host when administered in proper quantities. The aim of this double-masked placebo-controlled parallel-arm randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the clinical effects of a Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1-containing probiotic sachet as an adjunct to non-surgical therapy. METHODS Twenty-eight systemically healthy volunteers with chronic periodontitis were recruited and monitored clinically at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after therapy. Clinical parameters measured included plaque accumulation, bleeding on probing, probing depths (PDs), and clinical attachment loss. Patients received non-surgical therapy, including scaling and root planing (SRP), and were assigned randomly to a test (SRP + probiotic, n = 14) or control (SRP + placebo, n = 14) group. The intake, once a day for 3 months, of an L. rhamnosus SP1 probiotic sachet commenced after the last session of SRP. RESULTS Both test and control groups showed improvements in clinical parameters at all time points evaluated. However, the test group showed greater reductions in PD than the control. Also, at initial visits and after 1-year follow-up, the test group showed a statistically significant reduction in the number of participants with PD ≥6 mm, indicating a reduced need for surgery, in contrast to the placebo group. CONCLUSION The results of this trial indicate that oral administration of L. rhamnosus SP1 resulted in similar clinical improvements compared with SRP alone.

Fauna parasitaria gastrointestinal en el pingüino Adelia (Pygoscelis adeliae) de zona antártica especialmente protegida (ZAEPN°150)

One hundred and sixty seven fecal samples and three complete digestive tracts obtained from these penguins were analyzed using different parasitological methodologies. The presence of Tetrabothrius spp. eggs (Cestoda: Pseudophyllida), and the observation of Sporozoa oocists and Nematoda eggs both of undetermined species in the fecal samples is reported. In the same way a large number of nematodes identified as Streptocara spp. (Nematoda: Acuariidae) in different evolutionary stages in stomach, and the recovery of a whole 81 cm. Tetrabothrius spp. specimen (without the scolex) and one inmature tapeworm (Cestoda: Cyclophyllida) with unarmed rostellum in guts of Adelie penguins chiks found dead in a protected zone of the Antarctic territory is reported.

Microbiological and clinical effects of probiotics and antibiotics on nonsurgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo- controlled trial with 9-month follow-up

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled and parallel- arm randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1-containing probiotic sachet and azithromycin tablets as an adjunct to nonsurgical therapy in clinical parameters and in presence and levels of Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Material and Methods Forty-seven systemically healthy volunteers with chronic periodontitis were recruited and monitored clinically and microbiologically at baseline for 3, 6 and 9 months after therapy. Subgingival plaque samples were collected from four periodontal sites with clinical attachment level ≥1 mm, probing pocket depth ≥4 mm and bleeding on probing, one site in each quadrant. Samples were cultivated and processed using the PCR technique. Patients received nonsurgical therapy including scaling and root planing (SRP) and were randomly assigned to a probiotic (n=16), antibiotic (n = 16) or placebo (n = 15) group. L. rhamnosus SP1 was taken once a day for 3 months. Azithromycin 500mg was taken once a day for 5 days. Results All groups showed improvements in clinical and microbiological parameters at all time points evaluated. Probiotic and antibiotic groups showed greater reductions in cultivable microbiota compared with baseline. The placebo group showed greater reduction in number of subjects with P. gingivalis compared with baseline. However, there were no significant differences between groups. Conclusions The adjunctive use of L. rhamnosus SP1 sachets and azithromycin during initial therapy resulted in similar clinical and microbiological improvements compared with the placebo group.

Medición de cambios cuantitativos de la microbiota subgingival posterior a la remoción de placa bacteriana supragingival

Resumen Uno de los campos de interes en el estudio de la microbiologia periodontal para muchos investigadores ha sido identi car si es posible que los microorganismos responsables del origen y progresion de la enfermedad periodontal que habitan sobre el margen gingival (supragingival) y bajo este (subgingival) tengan una relacion directa que permita mantener interacciones influyentes en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las diferentes especies bacterianas que habitan en los tejidos periodontales. Por lo tanto, al remover los microorganismos que se ubican supragingivalmente seria posible encontrar cambios en el medio subgingival al no existir un intercambio entre los ambientes aerobios (supragingival) y anaerobios (subgingival) una vez desorganizada la placa bacteriana supragingival. Para demostrar esta relacion se seleccionaron 7 individuos con diagnostico de periodontitis cronica moderada y severa a los cuales se les realizo un destartraje supragingival de boca completa para lograr desorganizar la placa bacteriana supragingival. A su vez se tomaron muestras microbiologicas de los sacos periodontales mas profundos de cada cuadrante de estos individuos, siendo la primera muestra tomada previo al destartraje supragingival considerada como muestra basal (dia 0), luego se tomaron a las 24 horas, a los 7 y 21 dias de removida la placa bacteriana supragingival. De los resultados del presente estudio pudimos concluir que al desorganizar el bio lm supragingival se observa una disminucion en la cantidad total de microorganismos subgingivales, asi como tambien disminuye de manera considerable la proporcion de Porphyoromona gingivalis presente en el medio subgingival. Lo cual permitiria establecer la existencia de una relacion directa y dependiente entre los microorganismos que habitan el medio supragingival y subgingival.

Description of two clinical cases showing surgical possibilities of correction or ridges reconstruction, using connective tissue graft and gingival sculping

Description of two clinical cases showing surgical possibilities of correction or ridges reconstruction, using connective tissue graft and gingival sculping. Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral Vol. 3(1); 43-50, 2010.

Técnica Modificada de Injerto de Tejido Conectivo Interposicionado y Sobrepuesto en Implantología y Rehabilitación Oral. Reporte de Dos Casos Clínicos

Description of two clinical cases showing surgical possibilities of correction or ridges reconstruction, using connective tissue graft and gingival sculping. Rev. Clin. Periodoncia Implantol. Rehabil. Oral Vol. 3(1); 43-50, 2010.