Cláudia Marinho

ACP1 genotype, glutathione reductase activity, and riboflavin uptake affect cardiovascular risk in the obese

Erythrocyte acid phosphatase (ACP locus 1), also known as low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase, has previously been associated to glycemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity. In this study, ACP1 genotype and activity were tested in 318 women aged 19 to 83 (mean, 51.74 +/- 13.44) years. ACP1 genotype was found to directly correlate to glutathione reductase activity (P < .001) and levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .038). Glutathione reductase activity was in turn found to correlate to a series of cardiovascular risk factors such as systolic arterial pressure (P < .001), total cholesterol levels (P = .018), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (P = .039). A possible protective effect of ACP1 genotype AA against these cardiovascular risk factors was observed in this study. Furthermore, this work hypothesizes that nutritional riboflavin uptake becomes more crucial as body mass index increases, to counteract oxidative stress and minimize cardiovascular risk. This might be especially true in ACP1 genotypes AC, BC, and CC, which might possibly show the least endogenous protection against oxidative stress.

CATECHOL-O-METHYLTRANFERASE GENOTYPE MODULATION OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN OBESITY, IS INDEPENDENT OF BLOOD PRESSURE LEVEL: 9B.02

Objective: Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a polymorphic enzyme (val158-met: HH, HL and LL), which degrades catecholamines differentially (HH, increased activity), related to the control of food intake and the regulation of insulin secretion. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of COMT genotypes in obesity, hypertension and insulin resistance. Design and Method: We studied 149 women, with 54.05 ± 12.65 years, 63% normotensive (NT) and 27% with hypertension (HTA), 81.5% overweight and obese (BMI>25) and 18.5% normal weight. COMT genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP, insulin (microUI / ml), blood glucose (mmol / L) and serum lipids (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c and triglycerides) (mmol / L), by standard methods, the blood pressure and HOMA by conventional methods. Results: The BMI was higher in hypertensive patients, p = 0.023, and also the glucose p = 0.007, despite the absence of diabetes mellitus observed. The COMT genotype was not associated significantly with the values of systolic and diastolic, or to serum lipids, but the insulin and insulin resistance in obesity (insulin: LL (7.68 ± 2.9) vs. HL (11.24 ± 5.61) vs. HH (13.14 ± 7.27) p = 0.01; HOMA: LL (1.65 ± 0.649) vs. HL (2.77 ± 2.27) vs. HH (3.33 ± 2.33) p = 0.04). Normal weight women had higher BMI associated with the HH genotype, compared with LL (p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in the distribution of COMT genotype between hypertensive and normotensive or between normal weight and obese women. Conclusions: In women with overweight and obesity, the genotype of COMT positively modulates metabolic parameters of insulin resistance independent of serum lipids and blood pressure, possibly associated with anorexigenic effects of dopamine and anti-lipolytic noradrenaline. Figure 1. No caption available.