Cláudio de Moraes Andrade

Vírus da doença de Newcastle em aves não vacinadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been isolated in most of the species of free and domestic life all over the world. The international trade of birds should be considered as an important factor of disease spread. Natural and experimental infections were already demonstrated in, at least, 236 species of birds. Therefore, wild, free or captive, and non vaccinated domestic birds can act as reservoir for VDN. To analyze this hypothesis, birds from the municipal Zoo of Rio de Janeiro and from private properties in the municipal districts of Seropedica, Japeri, Paulo de Frontin, Paracambi, Valenca, Barra do Pirai, Rio de Janeiro and Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil had their blood collected and plasmas stored for detection of antibodies levels for VDN. A panel of 837 plasmas was obtained, in the period of August of 1998 to July of 2001, and analyzed by the hemaglutination inhibition (HI) test, from which 12 were soropositives (1.43%) for NDV, indicating the contact of the birds with the pathogen.

Prevalência de anticorpos para o vírus da Influenza Eqüina, subtipo H3N8, em eqüídeos apreendidos no Estado do Rio de Janeiro

The Influenza virus type A, subtype H3N8, is the etiological agent of the Equine Influenza, responsible for several epidemics and endemic respiratory diseases in world level, besides in the Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the role of errant equids, as infectious sources of the Influenza virus, subtype H3N8. The survey was performed from the research of specific antibodies for this virus in 1106 sera analyzed by the inhibition of the hemagglutination test. The high percentile (35,9%) of seropositive animals found in this study evidenced its importance as infectious sources of the Influenza virus, subtype H3N8, to the national equine flock.

Isolamento e caracterização biológica da amostra JAP99 do vírus da doença de Newcastle isolada de patos domésticos (Neta sp) no Rio de Janeiro

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is the etiological agent of one of the most important diseases of the poultry industry and it has been identified in most of the avian species, wild and domestic birds. In this work, the isolation of the sample denominated JAP99 was obtained from duck feces collected in Japeri, RJ, which was identified by hemagglutination-inhibition technique (HI). The biological characterization of the pathogenicity of the new isolate was investigated at the Animal Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Campinas, SP. By intracerebral inoculation in one day chicks, the index was 1.4. In the intravenous inoculation in birds of six weeks, the index found was 0.0 and the mean death time in chicken embryos was 62 hours. These results pointed out that the isolate JAP99 is mesogenic for commercial chickens, offering risk for the poultry industry.

Estudo comparativo de três métodos de diagnóstico para detecção de anticorpos anti-Theileria equi em eqüinos de áreas endêmicas do estado do Rio de Janeiro

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a reacao de imunofluorescencia indireta (RIFI), ensaio imunoenzimatico (ELISA) e a reacao de fixacao do complemento (RFC) no diagnostico de Theileria equi em amostras de soro de 79 equinos na Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropedica, RJ, Brasil. Houve reacao positiva para Theileria equi em 74,7, 75,9 e 60,8% das amostras testadas pela RIFI, ELISA e RFC, respectivamente. Observou-se discrepância em 16,45% (n=13) das amostras de soro testadas pelo ELISA indireto e RIFI. Quando comparado a RIFI e a RFC, a discrepância observada entre os soros testados foi de 36,70% (n=29). O teste ELISA indireto e a RFC apresentaram discordância em 37,97% (n=30) das amostras de soros. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que a melhor alternativa para o diagnostico sorologico de T. equi em equinos portadores e a associacao dos testes de RIFI e ELISA indireto, especialmente para a realizacao de estudos soroepidemiologicos.

Epitheliocystis disease in Tilapia nilotica (Linnaeus, 1758) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Branchial cysts are described in eight specimens of Tilapia nilotica from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cysts consisted of hypertrophy of branchial epithelial cells, which dysplayed a single basophilic corpuscle. The disease reported has the microscopic hallmarks of epitheliocystis.